scholarly journals Medical Spanish in U.S. Colleges and Schools of Pharmacy

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Geoffrey A Mospan ◽  
Carrie L Griffiths
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Expert Testimony ◽  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
The United States ◽  
Pharmacy Students ◽  
Original Research ◽  
Financial Interests ◽  
Pharmacy Curriculum ◽  
Spanish Education

Objective: To determine characteristics of Medical Spanish education provided to pharmacy students in schools and colleges of pharmacy in the United States. Methods: A survey of U.S. pharmacy schools and colleges was performed to determine availability of Medical Spanish in pharmacy curriculum, course(s) containing Medical Spanish education, and characteristics of Medical Spanish courses. Additional follow-up questions were asked if a school did not offer Medical Spanish. Results: 61 out of 138 institutions completed the survey (response rate = 44%). 36% (22/61) of respondents reported Medical Spanish education was offered in their curriculum. The most common barrier to offering a Medical Spanish course included a lack of personnel to teach the course (n=21, 54%) or no room in the curriculum (n=15, 38%). Conclusion: While there is a limited number of institutions that provide Medical Spanish education to their pharmacy students, results of this survey provide a basic description of Medical Spanish education in schools and colleges of pharmacy in the United States. Data obtained from this survey can be used to refine or initiate Medical Spanish courses, including the teaching and assessment methods used. Conflict of Interest We declare no conflicts of interest or financial interests that the authors or members of their immediate families have in any product or service discussed in the manuscript, including grants (pending or received), employment, gifts, stock holdings or options, honoraria, consultancies, expert testimony, patents and royalties   Type: Original Research

scholarly journals A Qualitative Analysis of Student Pharmacists’ Response after an Auditory Hallucination Simulation

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 4
Author(s):  
Genevieve L Ness ◽  
J. Michael McGuire ◽  
Prisca Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Analysis ◽  
Expert Testimony ◽  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
Auditory Hallucination ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
Pharmacy Students ◽  
Original Research ◽  
Faith Based ◽  
Financial Interests ◽  
Question Prompt

Objectives: The goal of this research was to evaluate pharmacy students’ experiences and reactions when exposed to an auditory hallucination simulator. Methods: A convenient sample of 16 pharmacy students enrolled in the Advanced Psychiatry Elective at a private, faith-based university in the southeastern United States was selected. Students participated in an activity in which they listened to an auditory hallucination simulator from their personal laptop computers and completed a variety of tasks. Following the conclusion of the simulator, students composed a reflection guided by a five-question prompt. Qualitative analysis of the reflections was then completed to identify and categorize overarching themes. Results: The overarching themes identified included: 1) students mentioned strategies they used to overcome the distraction; 2) students discussed how the voices affected their ability to complete the activities; 3) students discussed the mental/physical toll they experienced; 4) students identified methods to assist patients with schizophrenia; 5) students mentioned an increase in their empathy for patients; 6) students reported their reactions to the voices; 7) students recognized how schizophrenia could affect the lives of these patients; and 8) students expressed how their initial expectations and reactions to the voices changed throughout the course of the simulation. Overall, the use of this simulator as a teaching aid was well received by students. Summary: In conclusion, pharmacy students were impacted by the hallucination simulator and expressed an increased awareness of the challenges faced by these patients on a daily basis. Conflict of Interest We declare no conflicts of interest or financial interests that the authors or members of their immediate families have in any product or service discussed in the manuscript, including grants (pending or received), employment, gifts, stock holdings or options, honoraria, consultancies, expert testimony, patents and royalties.   Type: Original Research

scholarly journals Role of Nutrition Education in Pharmacy Curriculum—Students’ Perspectives and Attitudes

Pharmacy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 26
Author(s):  
Majid Mufaqam Syed-Abdul ◽  
Syed Sadath Kabir ◽  
Dhwani Satishkumar Soni ◽  
Tony J. Faber ◽  
Jeremy T. Barnes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Nutrition Education ◽  
The United States ◽  
Pharmacy Students ◽  
Nutritional Knowledge ◽  
Nutrition Course ◽  
School Purpose ◽  
Pharmacy Curriculum

Many pharmacists report they lack nutritional knowledge and believe the best time to educate pharmacists about nutrition is during pharmacy school. Purpose: This study was conducted to determine if today’s pharmacy students receive education in nutrition and if they realize the importance of a nutrition course. Methods: Ninety-five pharmacy students attending pharmacy school were surveyed in two pharmacy schools in the United States. Results: The survey showed only 13.7% received nutrition education and 82.9% of students believed nutrition education should be incorporated into the pharmacy degree curriculum. When the pharmacy-related experience was taken into account, 73.3% of students believed that a nutrition course should be incorporated into the curriculum. Conclusion: This study suggests that pharmacy students from two major universities in Alabama and Illinois realize the importance of nutrition education and believe a nutrition course should be incorporated into the pharmacy degree curriculum.

Estimating the Risk of Progression of Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance into Lymphoplasmacytic Malignancies in the United States: Determining Demographic Differences Using a National Dataset

Blood ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 128 (22) ◽  
pp. 843-843 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald S. Go ◽  
Herbert C Heien ◽  
Lindsey R Sangaralingham ◽  
Elizabeth B Habermann ◽  
Nilay D Shah
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Monoclonal Gammopathy ◽  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
The United States ◽  
First Year ◽  
Administrative Claims ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Risk Of Progression ◽  
Undetermined Significance

Abstract Background: Prior studies on the risk of progression of monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) into lymphoplasmacytic malignancies (LPMs) were almost exclusively in the White populations, comprised of limited number of patients residing in relatively small geographic areas, or included patients mostly detected by serologic screening as part of clinical study (as opposed to detected clinically during evaluation of symptoms suspicious for LPMs). Similar epidemiologic studies in a large, racially diverse population are lacking. Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of incident MGUS patients diagnosed from 2006-2013 using theOptum Labs Data Warehouse, a large database including administrative claims information on >110 million privately insured and Medicare Advantage enrollees throughout the United States. We identified patients with a diagnosis of MGUS (ICD9: 273.1) with 1-5 years of continuous enrollment. Each enrollment cohort based on the duration of follow-up (1-, 2-, 3-, 4-, or 5-year) was analyzed individually to help estimate the progression to cancer. We excluded patients who were diagnosed with LPMs within three months of MGUS diagnosis. We calculated the rate of progression into LPMs (chronic lymphocytic leukemia [CLL], light chain amyloidosis [AL], multiple myeloma [MM], non-Hodgkin lymphoma [NHL], and Waldenström macroglobulinemia [WM]) expressed as number per 100 person-years. Results: There were 14,728 MGUS patients for a total of 21,288 person-years of follow-up. The distributions of the number of patients and events according to the cohorts classified by duration of follow-up were: 1-year (14,728 patients; 243 events), 2-year (10,644 patients; 307 events), 3-year (7,333 patients; 299 events), 4-year (4,497 patients; 237 events), and 5-year (2,960 patients; 191 events). The rates of progression to LPMs were consistently highest during the first year after MGUS diagnosis (~2.00), generally declined by half during the second year and remained fairly stable thereafter (~1.00; Table 1). The rates of progression into LPMs overall as well as by demographics are shown in Table 2. The risk of progression was significantly higher among men (P < 0.01) and older patients (>50 years; P = 0.03) compared to their counterparts but similar among races (P = 0.15). Of the 243 patients who progressed, the distribution of LPMs was MM (70.0%), NHL (13.2%), WM (12.3%), AL (4.1%), and CLL (0.4%). Conclusions: Among patients withMGUS, the risk of transformation into LPMs is continuous although twice as high during the first year after MGUS diagnosis compared to subsequent years. The risk of transformation was higher among men and those who were older but did not differ among the racial subgroups. Our findings can be used to develop an optimal risk-based MGUS follow-up strategy that incorporates not only serum biomarkers but also demographic factors. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

scholarly journals Medication Reconciliation Limitations: Observation of the Medication Reconciliation Process in the Emergency Department by Two Immersion Pharmacy Students

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine Chong ◽  
Amanda Haile
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Expert Testimony ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Medication Reconciliation ◽  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
Pharmacy Students ◽  
Financial Interests ◽  
Patient Profiles ◽  
Pharmacy Technicians ◽  
Reconciliation Process

Multiple medical records may exist for a particular individual based on the various health services he or she receives. Maintaining updated, accurate records remains the responsibility of both practitioners and patients. Medication reconciliation, defined as the process to accurately depict the patient’s current orders and medications, 2 seeks to avoid errors in duplicity, interactions and dosing errors. Medication histories at Moses Cone Hospital are currently recorded by pharmacy technicians who follow specific standards, for instance they cannot remove “house meds”, which are prescribed medications with an active prescription attached. Technicians instead mark these medications for removal, leaving reconciliation to the physician. The physicians in the emergency department are not required to complete a full reconciliation for patient's profiles as this is a task left for the admitting physician. This leads to the question whether the reconciliation process in the emergency department (ED) needs to be re-evaluated. Patients’ “After Visit Summary” reports were used to analyze patient profiles in determining medication reconciliation statuses (whether fully reconciled, partially reconciled, or unreconciled). 280 patients’ profiles were used. 243 records (86.79%) were found unreconciled, 18 (6.43%) were partially reconciled, and 19 (6.79%) were fully reconciled. Conflict of Interest We declare no conflicts of interest or financial interests that the authors or members of their immediate families have in any product or service discussed in the manuscript, including grants (pending or received), employment, gifts, stock holdings or options, honoraria, consultancies, expert testimony, patents and royalties   Type: Student Project

scholarly journals Pharmacy Students as Health Coaches

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominick P Trombetta ◽  
Heidi Yanoski
Keyword(s):  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
The United States ◽  
Pharmacy Students ◽  
Lifestyle Modifications ◽  
School Year ◽  
Smart Goals ◽  
Health Coaches ◽  
Financial Interests ◽  
Academic School ◽  
Care Costs

Chronic diseases are the main contributor to both health care costs and mortality in the United States, with medication non-adherence and lifestyle modifications being leading causes. To motivate patients with several co-morbidities, the longitudinal care class was used to educate on maintaining adherence to prescribed regimens. Twenty pharmacy students were trained in health coaching and motivational interviewing methods. Specifically, students were to provide patients with education sheets, apply the teach-back method, and motivate the patient to develop and reach SMART goals made with the pharmacy student over a course of one academic school year. Conflict of Interest We declare no conflicts of interest or financial interests that the authors or members of their immediate families have in any product or service discussed in the manuscript, including grants (pending or received), employment, gifts, stock holdings or options, honoraria, consultancies, expert testimony, patents and royalties.   Type: Note

scholarly journals Injudicious Provision of Subtherapeutic Doses of Antibiotics in Community Pharmacies

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed E Amin ◽  
Amira Amine ◽  
Mohammad Shoukry Newegy
Keyword(s):  
Conflict Of Interest ◽  
Expert Testimony ◽  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
Original Research ◽  
Community Pharmacies ◽  
Beta Lactam ◽  
Pharmacy Staff ◽  
Beta Lactam Antibiotics ◽  
Financial Interests ◽  
Group A

Background: Egyptian pharmacists routinely provide antibiotics without a prescription. A few pills of common cold products are offered under the name “cold group”. A cold group may contain one or more pills of antibiotics. This study aimed to estimate the proportion of pharmacies that provide subtherapeutic doses of antibiotics in community pharmacies as part of a CG or upon direct request from a simulated client. Methods: A probability sample of community pharmacies in Alexandria, Egypt was selected. A simulated client approached pharmacy staff using a standardized scenario. He initially requested a cold group and followed by requesting two antibiotic pills.Results: The simulated client visited 104 pharmacies and was sold an antibiotic at 68 pharmacies in total. A cold group with one or more antibiotic pills was provided in 31 pharmacies. Upon request for two antibiotic pills, 2-8 antibiotic pills were provided in 30 pharmacies whereas an antibiotic carton was provided in three pharmacies. In four pharmacies, the simulated client was sold a cold group containing an antibiotic as well as another antibiotic upon request. Beta-lactam antibiotics comprised 76% of antibiotics provided. In five encounters, the simulated client was told that the cold group contained an antibiotic when, in fact, it did not. Conclusions: Subtherapeutic doses of antibiotics are provided at dangerous rates in Alexandria’s community pharmacies. Interventions are urgently needed to tackle different factors contributing to this dangerous practice. Conflict of Interest We declare no conflicts of interest or financial interests that the authors or members of their immediate families have in any product or service discussed in the manuscript, including grants (pending or received), employment, gifts, stock holdings or options, honoraria, consultancies, expert testimony, patents and royalties   Type: Original Research

scholarly journals Online Tools to Improve Faculty Collaboration and Time Efficiency Inside and Outside the Classroom

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Sally A Arif ◽  
Huma Nizamuddin
Keyword(s):  
Conflict Of Interest ◽  
Expert Testimony ◽  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
Pharmacy Students ◽  
Faculty Collaboration ◽  
Relevant Today ◽  
Teaching Goals ◽  
Online Tools ◽  
Financial Interests ◽  
Best Fit

The optimization of time is a valuable commodity to achieve scholarly and teaching goals. Embracing technology and the use of online tools can assist with focused communication and project collaboration with both students and faculty. An innovative approach to connecting virtually is more relevant today, as a majority of current pharmacy students are millennial-learners who are technologically proficient and more likely to adopt online tools. The aim of this commentary is to highlight the advantages of using such tools, while also stressing the considerations one should have when navigating the best fit to a faculty member’s needs. Conflict of Interest We declare no conflicts of interest or financial interests that the authors or members of their immediate families have in any product or service discussed in the manuscript, including grants (pending or received), employment, gifts, stock holdings or options, honoraria, consultancies, expert testimony, patents and royalties.   Type: Commentary

scholarly journals Comparison of Reading Levels of Pharmacy Students and Reading Level of Primary Literature

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cathy H Ficzere ◽  
Angela Hagan ◽  
Genevieve Lynn Ness ◽  
Elisa M. Greene ◽  
Kayla Hill
Keyword(s):  
Second Language ◽  
Grade Level ◽  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Reading Level ◽  
Pharmacy Students ◽  
Original Research ◽  
Reading Levels ◽  
Primary Literature ◽  
Financial Interests

Objectives: The project purpose was to evaluate pharmacy students’ reading levels using the Nelson-Denney Reading Test (NDRT) and compare these results with the reading level of primary literature to investigate incongruities between student’s comprehension ability and the readability level of assigned reading in the curriculum. Methods: The NDRT was administered to first- through third-year student pharmacists to determine grade equivalents (GE) for vocabulary and reading comprehension. Twenty articles previously identified as Patient-Oriented Evidence that Matters (POEMs) were analyzed to determine the Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level and Gunning-Fog Score. Student demographics, information regarding language spoken, and reading habits, were also assessed. Pearson product moment correlations, t-tests, ANOVA, and descriptive statistics were used to assess relationships between demographic data and NDRT scores. Results: One hundred students participated. The mean NDRT total grade equivalent (±SD) was 16.95 ± 2.1 (median = 17.3). NDRT grade equivalents were statistically different for students with different racial or ethnic backgrounds (t(98)=3.74, p=0.026), English as a second language (ESL) students (t(98)=5.19, p=0.021), and students that read works of fiction for pleasure (t(98)=4.31, p=0.002). The average Gunning-Fog Score for all primary literature articles was 11.48, with the introduction section being the most complex. The average Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level was 17.04, with the results section scoring the lowest average grade level. Implications: While the overall reading grade level of our pharmacy students suggests that they are capable of comprehending reading assigned in the pharmacy curriculum, minority students and students for whom English is a second language may struggle with comprehending complex text. Conflict of Interest We declare no conflicts of interest or financial interests that the authors or members of their immediate families have in any product or service discussed in the manuscript, including grants (pending or received), employment, gifts, stock holdings or options, honoraria, consultancies, expert testimony, patents and royalties.   Type: Original Research

scholarly journals Pharmacists’ Provision of Contraception: Established and Emerging Roles

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lindsey M Peters ◽  
Natalie A DiPietro Mager
Keyword(s):  
Conflict Of Interest ◽  
Expert Testimony ◽  
Emergency Contraception ◽  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
The United States ◽  
Collaborative Practice ◽  
Life Plans ◽  
Reproductive Life ◽  
Financial Interests ◽  
The U.S

Pharmacists’ roles in provision of family planning products is expanding in the United States (U.S.). This article details established as well as emerging roles for U.S. pharmacists in the provision of contraception. These include helping patients develop reproductive life plans; dispensing prescription contraceptive products and counseling patients; assisting and educating patients with non-prescription contraceptive products, including emergency contraception; participating in collaborative practice agreements; administering contraception products; and making referrals and developing partnerships. The provision of contraception in the U.S. is dynamic, and pharmacists should continue to be aware of changes that will impact them professionally. As approximately 45% of pregnancies in the U.S. are unintended, through these roles pharmacists can impact an important public health priority. Conflict of Interest We declare no conflicts of interest or financial interests that the authors or members of their immediate families have in any product or service discussed in the manuscript, including grants (pending or received), employment, gifts, stock holdings or options, honoraria, consultancies, expert testimony, patents and royalties   Type: Idea Paper

Utopias of One

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua Kotin
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Soviet Union ◽  
World War I ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Jim Crow ◽  
Personal Autonomy ◽  
The United States ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
Original Research ◽  
The Soviet Union

This book is a new account of utopian writing. It examines how eight writers—Henry David Thoreau, W. E. B. Du Bois, Osip and Nadezhda Mandel'shtam, Anna Akhmatova, Wallace Stevens, Ezra Pound, and J. H. Prynne—construct utopias of one within and against modernity's two large-scale attempts to harmonize individual and collective interests: liberalism and communism. The book begins in the United States between the buildup to the Civil War and the end of Jim Crow; continues in the Soviet Union between Stalinism and the late Soviet period; and concludes in England and the United States between World War I and the end of the Cold War. In this way it captures how writers from disparate geopolitical contexts resist state and normative power to construct perfect worlds—for themselves alone. The book contributes to debates about literature and politics, presenting innovative arguments about aesthetic difficulty, personal autonomy, and complicity and dissent. It models a new approach to transnational and comparative scholarship, combining original research in English and Russian to illuminate more than a century and a half of literary and political history.

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