Urban growth, environmental degradation and geotechnologies: a case study in Brazil

2007 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-56
Author(s):  
S.M.F. Costa
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Degradation ◽  
Urban Growth

scholarly journals Mudanças do Uso e Ocupação do Solo e Degradação Eco-Ambiental Usando Imagens Orbitais: O Estudo de Caso da Bacia do Rio Bacanga, São Luís (MA) (Land Use/Cover Change and Environmental Degradation Based on Orbital Images: A Case Study of Bacanga River...)

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 265
Author(s):  
Janilci Serra Silva ◽  
Richarde Marques da Silva ◽  
Alexandro Medeiros Silva
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Environmental Degradation ◽  
Urban Growth ◽  
Native Vegetation ◽  
Landsat 8 ◽  
Urban Structures ◽  
Vegetation Indexes ◽  
Green Areas ◽  
Land Use And Cover

As mudanças no uso e ocupação do solo, provocadas pelas ações antrópicas, têm provocado grandes alterações nas paisagens. Esses impactos podem ser estudados pelo monitoramento eco-ambiental utilizando-se informações espaço-temporais das modificações ocorridas na paisagem. Este artigo analisa as mudanças do uso e ocupação do solo e a degradação eco-ambiental na Bacia do Bacanga, com base em índices de vegetação  entre os anos de 1990 a 2014. Neste estudo foram utilizadas duas cenas, uma satélite TM/Landsat 5 e outra do OLI/Landsat 8, para os dias 9 de setembro de 1990 e 2 de setembro de 2014, respectivamente. O processamento das imagens foi desenvolvido através do software ArcGIS 10.1. Para isto foram utilizados mapas e histogramas para auxiliar na interpretação das informações apresentadas. Os resultados mostraram que os maiores valores de NDVI e SAVI  ocorrem na porção central da bacia. A presença das construções civis aumentaram as áreas com baixos valores de NDVI por conta da retirada da cobertura da vegetação nativa. Ao longo dos 24 anos decorridos de 1990 a 2014, a supressão de áreas verdes na bacia e sua substituição por estruturas urbanas como asfalto e concreto, resultaram na maior degradação eco-ambiental, resultando no crescimento urbano e das classes vegetação arbustiva/arbórea, Solo exposto e na diminuição das classes vegetação rasteira/arbustiva e água.   A B S T R A C T The changes in the land use and cover, caused by human actions, have created major impacts on the landscapes. These impacts can be studied by monitoring the eco-environmental using spatial and temporal information of the changes occurring in the landscape. This paper analyze the land use and cover changes and eco-environmental degradation in Bacanga River basin using vegetation indexes (NDVI, SAVI and IAF) between 1990 and 2014. In this study two scenes, one of TM/Landsat 5 and other OLI/Landsat 8 of September 9 1990 and September 2 2014 were used. The image processing was developed through the software ArcGis 10.1. For this purpose, maps and histograms to assist in the interpretation of the information presented were generated. The results showed that the highest values o NDVI, SAVI and IAF occur in the central portion of basin. The presence of civilian buildings increased the areas with low NDVI values because of the withdrawal of the coverage of native vegetation. During the 24 years which have passed 1990-2014, suppression of green areas in the basin and its replacement by urban structures such as concrete and asphalt, resulted in improved eco-environmental degradation, resulting in the urban growth and the class shrubland, beyond of decreasing the classes rangebrush and water Keywords: GIS, urban growth, vegetation indexes.  

scholarly journals A New Integrated Approach for Municipal Landfill Siting Based on Urban Physical Growth Prediction: A Case Study Mashhad Metropolis in Iran

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 949
Author(s):  
Salman Qureshi ◽  
Saman Nadizadeh Shorabeh ◽  
Najmeh Neysani Samany ◽  
Foad Minaei ◽  
Mehdi Homaee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Growth ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Physical Growth ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Markov Chain Method ◽  
Physical Expansion ◽  
Hierarchy Process ◽  
The City

Due to irregular and uncontrolled expansion of cities in developing countries, currently operational landfill sites cannot be used in the long-term, as people will be living in proximity to these sites and be exposed to unhygienic circumstances. Hence, this study aims at proposing an integrated approach for determining suitable locations for landfills while considering their physical expansion. The proposed approach utilizes the fuzzy analytical hierarchy process (FAHP) to weigh the sets of identified landfill location criteria. Furthermore, the weighted linear combination (WLC) approach was applied for the elicitation of the proper primary locations. Finally, the support vector machine (SVM) and cellular automation-based Markov chain method were used to predict urban growth. To demonstrate the applicability of the developed approach, it was applied to a case study, namely the city of Mashhad in Iran, where suitable sites for landfills were identified considering the urban growth in different geographical directions for this city by 2048. The proposed approach could be of use for policymakers, urban planners, and other decision-makers to minimize uncertainty arising from long-term resource allocation.

Underlying Determinants of Housing Location: a Case Study from Swaziland

1973 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 211-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
John P. Lea
Keyword(s):  
Urban Growth ◽  
Industrial Location ◽  
Remedial Measures ◽  
National Plan ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Housing Needs ◽  
Short Term Effects

It is a comparatively recent development that places housing not only as one of the main targets in the national plan, but also as a vital means of achieving other social and economic objectives.1 Admirable though this may be, a number of difficulties can arise in practice, particularly with regard to the question of new housing where many dwellings may be on unsuitable sites and require relocation or extensive redevelopment. The point is that remedial measures are likely to have only short-term effects, unless several underlying – and often conflicting – variables are taken into account. Four such variables have assumed importance in the planning for future housing needs in the Greater Manzini Area of Swaziland, and it is the purpose of this article to illustrate how policies relating to industrial location, urban growth, and housing, interact with the tenurial system in force.

From Souqs to Emporiums: The Urban Transformation of Abu Dhabi

2013 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 58-69
Author(s):  
Yasser Elsheshtawy
Keyword(s):  
Urban Growth ◽  
World Trade Center ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
Historical Case Study ◽  
Urban Centers ◽  
Historical Case ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
Trade Center

This paper in its first part aims at contextualizing Abu Dhabi's urban development and understanding the factors that have governed its urban growth through a historical case study approach. Relying on archival records and primary sources five stages of urban growth are identified. Data mining of media archives allows for a first hand account of developments taking place thus grounding the depictions. The second part contextualizes this review through a case study of the Central Market project — also known as Abu Dhabi's World Trade Center. The paper concludes by elaborating on the significance of such a historical analysis as it shifts the discourse away from a focus on the ‘artificiality’ of cities in the Gulf to one that is based on a recognition about the historicity of its urban centers, however recent it may be. Additionally the pertinence of such an analysis for cities worldwide is discussed as well.

Identifying Design Interventions in Cities for Urban Sustainability

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohit Arora ◽  
Felix Raspall ◽  
Arlindo Silva
Keyword(s):  
Built Environment ◽  
Research Methods ◽  
Urban Growth ◽  
Design Research ◽  
Urban Sustainability ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Urban Systems ◽  
Demolition Waste ◽  
Material Reuse

Cities have been the focus of recent sustainability and climate change mitigation efforts primarily because of unprecedented urban growth and ever-increasing resources consumption. A worrying trend has been the ever-decreasing life of buildings in cities because of premature building obsolescence. Premature building obsolescence has been cited as the major driver of demolition waste which accounts for more than 40% of total waste generated annually. This waste stream poses a bigger challenge as the pressure on natural resources increases with urban growth. A traditional way of looking at the urban sustainability has been from the perspective of the environmental sciences and waste management methods. Analyzing urban areas with design science perspectives could provide novel insights to improve existing resource consumption patterns and transform sustainability growth in cities. This study focuses on the problem of demolition waste arising from the premature building obsolescence in cities. It applies a design research methodology framework for identifying existing problems associated with demolition waste and generating strategies to transform cities into more sustainable urban systems. In the problem clarification phase, a detailed literature review was supported with stakeholder’s interviews to identify the state-of-art for building demolition process and demolition waste. Research was further extended to descriptive study-I phase to carry out a demolition case study and generate support tools to enable transformation in the existing scenario for achieving a desired state. Singapore, a dense city state of South-East Asia has been taken as a case study in this research. Results show that applying design research methods could help open-up a new dimension to solve urban sustainability challenge for built environment. It highlights that material reuse could lead to significant improvement in the built environment sustainability but the challenge associated with realization of material reuse practice needs to be addressed. Descriptive study-I concludes with the strategies on creating a reuse market through entrepreneurial innovation and an alternative material supply chain of secondary materials for regional housing demand. These results highlight the role of design research methods for tackling complex systems level problems in cities.

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