scholarly journals Clinical Epidemiology in Developing Countries: Current Situation and Suggestions for the Indian Context

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Rajamohanan K Pillai ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Clinical Epidemiology ◽  
Current Situation ◽  
Indian Context

scholarly journals Utilization of Biodegradable Wastes as a Clean Energy Source in the Developing Countries: A Case Study in Myanmar

Energies ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 3183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maw Tun ◽  
Dagmar Juchelková ◽  
Helena Raclavská ◽  
Veronika Sassmanová
Keyword(s):  
Energy Source ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Current Situation ◽  
Energy Utilization ◽  
Waste To Energy ◽  
Ghg Emission ◽  
Clean Energy Source

Nowadays, waste-to-energy has become a type of renewable energy utilization that can provide environmental and economic benefits in the world. In this paper, we evaluated the quality of twelve biodegradable waste samples from Myanmar by binder laboratory heating and drying oven at 105 °C. The calculation methods of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) and Institute for Global Environmental Strategies (IGES) were used for the greenhouse gas emission estimation from waste disposal at the open dumpsites, anaerobic digestion, and waste transportation in the current situation of Myanmar. Greenhouse gas (GHG) emission and fossil fuel consumption of the improved biodegrade waste utilization system were estimated and both were found to be reduced. As a result, volume and weight of the biodegradable wastes with 100% moisture reduction were estimated at approximately 5 million cubic meters per year and 2600 kilotonnes per year, respectively, in 2021. The total GHG emissions in the current situation amounted to approximately 1500 and 1800 Gigagrams of CO2-eq per year in 2019 and 2021, respectively, while the total GHG emission avoidance from a sustainable approach amounted to 3500 and 4000 Gigagrams of CO2-eq per year, respectively. The study aimed at highlighting the utilization of biodegradable wastes as a clean energy source in developing countries.

scholarly journals The possibilities of adopting IAS/IFRS in Vietnam: An analysis

2011 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 161-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huu Cuong Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Contextual Factors ◽  
Accounting Standards ◽  
Current Situation ◽  
Similar Process ◽  
Accounting Systems ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Heated Debate

It is universally acknowledged that the matter of adoption and its similar process (harmonisation or convergence) has provoked extensively heated debate in the accounting literature, both from advocates and from opponents. Nonetheless, the accounting literature lacks research into the field of Vietnamese accounting, in general, and the nature of Vietnamese accounting systems as well as Vietnamese Accounting Standards (VAS), in particular. This paper in-depth analyses the possibility of adopting IAS/IFRS in Vietnam by critical examining findings of the accounting literature on three aspects: factors influencing the development of accounting practices and accounting standards, factors affecting the adoption of IAS/IFRS by developing countries, and arguments for and against adoption of IAS/IFRS. Based on matching findings in the latent literature, especially those relating to contextual factors that have an impact on adopting IAS/IFRS, with the current situation of Vietnam, this paper proposes that adoption of IAS/IFRS with selection is practically possible in Vietnam.

scholarly journals Clinical Epidemiology of 7,126 Melioidosis Patients in Thailand and the Implications for a National Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viriya Hantrakun ◽  
Somkid Kongyu ◽  
Preeyarach Klaytong ◽  
Sittikorn Rongsumlee ◽  
Nicholas P J Day ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Surveillance System ◽  
Clinical Epidemiology ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Clinical Specimen ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Notifiable Diseases ◽  
National Priority ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
Geographical Regions

Abstract Background National notifiable diseases surveillance system (NNDSS) data in developing countries is usually incomplete, yet the total number of fatal cases reported is commonly used for national priority setting. Melioidosis, an infectious disease caused by Burkholderia pseudomallei, is largely underrecognized by policy makers due to the underreporting of fatal cases via the NNDSS. Methods Collaborating with the Epidemiology Division (ED), Ministry of Public Health (MoPH), we conducted a retrospective study to determine incidence and mortality of melioidosis cases already identified by clinical microbiology laboratories nationwide. A case of melioidosis was defined as a patient with any clinical specimen culture positive for B. pseudomallei. Routinely available microbiology and hospital databases of secondary-care and tertiary-care hospitals, the national death registry, and NNDSS data were obtained for analysis. Results A total of 7,126 culture-confirmed melioidosis patients were identified from 2012 to 2015 in 60 hospitals countrywide. The total number of cases diagnosed in Northeast, Central, South, East, North, and West Thailand were 5,475, 536, 374, 364, 358 and 19 cases, respectively. Overall 30-day mortality was 39% (2,805/7,126). Only 126 (4%) of deaths were reported to the NNDSS. Age, presentation with bacteremia and pneumonia, prevalence of diabetes, and 30-day mortality were different by geographical regions (all p values<0.001). ED, MoPH has agreed to include the findings of our study in the next annual report of the NNDSS. Conclusions Melioidosis is an important cause of death in Thailand nationwide, and its clinical epidemiology may be different by region. In developing countries, NNDSS data can be supplemented by integrating information from readily available routine datasets.

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