Are Prophylactic Systemic Antibiotics Necessary with Nasal Packing? A Systematic Review

Background The use of prophylactic systemic antibiotics with nasal packing has been a controversial topic. There are few evidence-based studies to determine the need for prophylactic systemic antibiotics. We performed a systematic literature review to determine the role of prophylactic systemic antibiotics with nasal packing in the prevention of toxic shock syndrome and local nasal infections. Objective The purpose of this study was to perform a systematic literature review to determine the role of prophylactic systemic antibiotics with nasal packing in the prevention of toxic shock syndrome and local nasal infections. Methods A search for studies that reviewed the efficacy of prophylactic systemic antibiotics in the prevention of toxic shock or nasal infections and/or sinusitis for patients with nasal packing for epistaxis and postoperative septoplasties was performed. This was conducted in a number of medical literature data bases by following the methods of the 2009 Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Only English publications and human studies that were randomized control trials, quasi-randomized control trials, controlled clinical trials, retrospective studies, and case series were included. Results Six studies, with a total of 990 patients, met the inclusion criteria for the review and were included. Primary outcomes were signs and symptoms of nasal or sinus infections in patients who underwent nasal packing for epistaxis or septoplasty. There were no reports of toxic shock syndrome in any patients, and there was no statistical difference in purulent drainage in patients who had septoplasty (9.9 versus 11.2%) treated with or without antibiotics. Conclusion There is a paucity of literature that reviewed the need for prophylactic systemic antibiotics with nasal packing. The available literature does not show a significant benefit to the use of antibiotics with nasal packing, but the studies were underpowered to detect such a difference. One must consider the associated risks of prophylactic antibiotics to the patient as well when deciding to prescribe prophylactic antibiotics.

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Whole Grain Consumption and Inflammatory Markers: A Systematic Literature Review of Randomized Control Trials

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu14020374 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 14 (2) ◽

pp. 374

Author(s):

Genevieve Milesi ◽

Anna Rangan ◽

Sara Grafenauer

Keyword(s):

Literature Review ◽

Systematic Literature Review ◽

Inflammatory Markers ◽

Disease Risk ◽

Inflammatory Marker ◽

Healthy Population ◽

Randomized Control Trials ◽

Whole Grain ◽

Randomized Control ◽

Grain Foods

Whole grain foods are rich in nutrients, dietary fibre, a range of antioxidants, and phytochemicals, and may have potential to act in an anti-inflammatory manner, which could help impact chronic disease risk. This systematic literature review aimed to examine the specific effects of whole grains on selected inflammatory markers from human clinical trials in adults. As per the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews (PRISMA) protocol, the online databases MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane, CINAHL, and Scopus were searched from inception through to 31 August 2021. Randomized control trials (RCTs) ≥ 4 weeks in duration, reporting ≥1 of the following: C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor (TNF), were included. A total of 31 RCTs were included, of which 16 studies recruited overweight/obese individuals, 12 had pre-existing conditions, two were in a healthy population, and one study included participants with prostate cancer. Of these 31 RCTs, three included studies with two intervention arms. A total of 32 individual studies measured CRP (10/32 were significant), 18 individual studies measured IL-6 (2/18 were significant), and 13 individual studies measured TNF (5/13 were significant). Most often, the overweight/obese population and those with pre-existing conditions showed significant reductions in inflammatory markers, mainly CRP (34% of studies). Overall, consumption of whole grain foods had a significant effect in reducing at least one inflammatory marker as demonstrated in 12/31 RCTs.

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Systematic Literature Review of Randomized Control Trials Assessing the Effectiveness of Nutrition Interventions in Community-Dwelling Older Adults

Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior ◽

10.1016/j.jneb.2010.01.004 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 43 (4) ◽

pp. 251-262 ◽

Cited By ~ 42

Author(s):

Kristofer Bandayrel ◽

Sharon Wong

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Literature Review ◽

Systematic Literature Review ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Randomized Control Trials ◽

Nutrition Interventions ◽

Randomized Control ◽

Community Dwelling Older Adults

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Toxic shock syndrome in paediatric thermal injuries: A case series and systematic literature review

Burns ◽

10.1016/j.burns.2017.07.002 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 44 (1) ◽

pp. e1-e12 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Linda Gutzler ◽

Clemens Schiestl ◽

Martin Meuli ◽

Carol Oliveira

Keyword(s):

Literature Review ◽

Systematic Literature Review ◽

Toxic Shock Syndrome ◽

Case Series ◽

Toxic Shock ◽

Thermal Injuries

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The role of prophylactic antibiotics in nasal packing for epistaxis

AL-Kindy College Medical Journal ◽

10.47723/kcmj.v15i1.78 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

pp. 52-55

Author(s):

Mohamed Ibrahim Ali ◽

Chassan Hassan Raheem

Keyword(s):

Acute Otitis Media ◽

Signs And Symptoms ◽

Prophylactic Antibiotics ◽

Nasal Packing ◽

First Year ◽

Toxic Shock ◽

Exclusion Criteria ◽

Second Year ◽

Infective Complications

Background: This study is to evaluate the necessity of prescribing prophylactic antibiotics for nasal packing in spontaneous epistaxis. There are few published papers of infective complications in such patients. Methods: This prospective study analysed 149 consecutive patients admitted to AL-Kindy teaching hospital with spontaneous, epistaxis, who underwent nasal packing over 2 years period . in the first year, 78 patients received prophylactic antibiotics , In the second year 71 patients were not given prophylatic antibiotics. Exclusion criteria included antibiotics prescribed for unrelated pathology and post-operative epistaxis. Signs and symptoms of acute otitis media, sinusitis and toxic shock syndrome were assessed using clinical examination and a questionnaire. Results: :Fourteen out of 149 patients experienced otalgia, mostly following posterior nasal packing. No patient in both groups had evidence of any infective complication. Conclusion: we do not recommend the use of prophylactic antibiotics for patients undergoing nasal packing for spontaineous epistaxis.

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Systematic Literature Review of Role of Applied Geomatics in Mapping and Tracking Corona Virus

International Journal of Integrated Engineering ◽

10.30880/ijie.2020.12.08.024 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (8) ◽

Author(s):

Nazirah Mohamad Abdullah ◽

◽

Shuib Rambat ◽

Mohammad Hafiz Mohd Yatim ◽

Abdullah Hisam Omar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Literature Review ◽

Systematic Literature Review ◽

Corona Virus

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Semi-Systematic Literature Review on Sustainability and Sustainable Development in Higher Education Institutions

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su13147683 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (14) ◽

pp. 7683

Author(s):

Amila Omazic ◽

Bernd Markus Zunk

Keyword(s):

Higher Education ◽

Sustainable Development ◽

Literature Review ◽

Systematic Literature Review ◽

Higher Education Institutions ◽

Main Research ◽

Agenda 2030 ◽

Research Themes ◽

Development Goals

Public sector organizations, primarily higher education institutions (HEIs), are facing greater levels of responsibility since adopting and committing to the Agenda 2030 for Sustainable Development (SD) and its 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). HEIs are expected to provide guidance for various stakeholders on this matter, but also to implement this agenda and the SDGs in their institutions. Although the role of these organizations has been recognized, the fields and issues that HEIs should address on their path towards sustainability and SD are still unclear. To provide further clarity, a semi-systematic literature review on sustainability and SD in HEIs was conducted to identify both the key concepts and main research themes that represent sustainability and SD in HEIs and to identify research gaps. This review increases our knowledge of this topic and enhances our understanding of sustainability and SD in the context of HEIs.

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