scholarly journals Analysis of Russia's Approach to Kyoto Protocol: Russia's Withdrawal from Second Commitment Period (2013-2020)

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 116
Author(s):  
Nur Yasmin Ghafiel ◽  
Paramitaningrum Paramitaningrum
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Kyoto Protocol ◽  
Qualitative Methodology ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
Commitment Period ◽  
Offensive Realism ◽  
Mitigate Climate Change ◽  
First Commitment Period ◽  
Fossil Fuel Energy ◽  
Change Mitigation

In 2004 Russia ratified Kyoto Protocol, one of the international agreements which focuses on climate change mitigation. Kyoto Protocol was established as a framework for countries to mitigate climate change globally by reducing their greenhouse gas emissions accordingly to their respective targets. Russia officially participated in the first commitment period of Kyoto Protocol in 2005 after ensuring the benefits by doing so. Entering the second commitment period, in 2011 Russia decided to withdraw. In consideration of Russia’s position as the largest fossil fuel energy exporter and as a country whose economy is in restoration, Russia’s approach to Kyoto Protocol is based on its interests and benefits which it gains from the framework. This paper analyzes the factors behind Russia’s withdrawal from the second commitment period of Kyoto Protocol through the perspective of offensive realism with qualitative methodology. The thesis finds that Russia’s reasoning of withdrawal was an act to protect its national interest, which is economic security, specifically its energy sector.

Clean development mechanism of Kyoto Protocol

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 116-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anil Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Kyoto Protocol ◽  
Clean Development Mechanism ◽  
Climate Change Mitigation ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Mitigation And Adaptation ◽  
Commitment Period ◽  
Policies And Programs ◽  
Change Mitigation ◽  
Development Mechanism

Purpose – This paper aims to review the developments in India with respect to clean development mechanism (CDM) of Kyoto Protocol to assess the achievements during first Kyoto Protocol period (2008-2012) in climate change mitigation and suggest measure for better participation during the second commitment period. The paper further makes an attempt to explore the experience, concerns and expectations of the Indian project proponents of green projects registered with CDM Executive Board. Design/methodology/approach – This paper employs two methods: informal interviews with executives of World Bank, Designated National Authority (DNA) of India for CDM, leading international CDM consulting firms and a questionnaire survey of Indian CDM projects proponents. Findings – During first commitment period valid up to December 31, 2012, India remained active participant in the CDM, the only mechanism of Kyoto Protocol where developing countries can participate and join in mitigation of climate change, through the development of green projects and thereby earning additional revenue in terms of carbon finance by sale of carbon credits. The study finds out that in the global CDM experience, India's role is striking with its second highest share both in terms of number of projects registered worldwide and in generation of Certified Emission Reductions (CERs). Originality/value – This paper provides several recommendations for strengthening the institutional frame work in India with respect to CDM as well as suggestions to policy makers for consideration while charting out future policies and programs addressing climate change mitigation and adaptation oriented towards better participation in climate change mitigation during the second commitment period of Kyoto Protocol.

Creating Space for Consensus: High-Level Globe-trotting into the Bali Climate Change Conference

2011 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pamela S. Chasek
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Kyoto Protocol ◽  
Common Ground ◽  
Fundamental Problem ◽  
Commitment Period ◽  
Innovative Solutions ◽  
Global Regime ◽  
First Commitment Period ◽  
High Level ◽  
Global Initiatives

AbstractThe international community has been trying to find a comprehensive and effective solution to the problem of anthropogenic climate change for well over two decades. The fundamental problem posed by climate change is that any solution, if it is to be effective, requires collectively agreed upon global initiatives. If enough countries do not take sufficient action, any collective endeavors to mitigate the problem will be less effective or may even fail. As a result, mitigating climate change requires a high level of international cooperation. In the climate change arena, negotiators spent much of 2007 searching for common ground and securing universal participation in a new global regime to take effect when the first commitment period under the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change’s Kyoto Protocol expires at the end of 2012. This article examines one of the strategies used to address this challenge in the lead up to the December 2007 Climate Change Conference in Bali, Indonesia: a variation of track-two diplomacy, where climate change was addressed at numerous workshops and high-level meetings to enable parties to the 1992 United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change and the 1997 Kyoto Protocol to create space for building trust and exploring innovative solutions in determining whether or not to embark on negotiations on a post-2012 regime.

scholarly journals Sharing the burden of climate change

2008 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
David Parker
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Kyoto Protocol ◽  
Global Response ◽  
Commitment Period ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
Tackle Climate Change ◽  
First Commitment Period

I have been asked to talk about ‘sharing the burden of climate change’.1 Of course, that means all of us playing our part. It is unfortunate that the language of this topic is in itself loaded to the negative. ‘Playing our part’ sounds far more desirable than ‘sharing the burden’! Right now, the primary global response hinges on the Kyoto Protocol. The first commitment period of the protocol ends in 2012, so our next challenge will be looking at the options for tackling climate change after this date. Here I would like to explore some of the key issues countries will need to consider post-2012 to effectively tackle climate change.

Planting Trees to Mitigate Climate Change: Contested Discourses of Ecological Modernization, Green Governmentality and Civic Environmentalism

2006 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karin Bäckstrand ◽  
Eva Lövbrand
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Kyoto Protocol ◽  
Environmental Governance ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Central Element ◽  
Negotiation Process ◽  
Ecological Modernization ◽  
Tree Plantation ◽  
Mitigate Climate Change ◽  
Civic Environmentalism

Forest plantations or so-called carbon sinks have played a critical role in the climate change negotiations and constitute a central element in the scheme to limit atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations set out by the Kyoto Protocol. This paper examines dominant discursive framings of forest plantation projects in the climate regime. A central proposition is that these projects represent a microcosm of competing and overlapping discourses that are mirrored in debates of global environmental governance. While the win-win discourse of ecological modernization has legitimized the inclusion of sink projects in the Kyoto Protocol, a green governmentality discourse has provided the scientific rationale necessary to turn tropical tree-plantation projects operational on the emerging carbon market. A critical civic environmentalism discourse has contested forest sink projects depicting them as unjust and environmentally unsound strategies to mitigate climate change. The article examines the articulation and institutionalization of these discourses in the climate negotiation process as well as the wider implications for environmental governance.

scholarly journals Impact of Green Financing on Carbon Drifts to Mitigate Climate Change: Mediating Role of Energy Efficiency

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Chang ◽  
Jianhe Wang ◽  
Ziman Xiang ◽  
Hongda Liu
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Climate Change Mitigation ◽  
Unit Root Test ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Time Space ◽  
Green Finance ◽  
Mitigate Climate Change ◽  
Time Specific ◽  
Change Mitigation

Climate change mitigation (CCM) has not been mainly understood and assessed in the terms of carbon drifts persisting at provincial level of China, and to respond the question that how green financing is better financing option for CCM. Thus, our study intends to test the role of green finance on carbon drifts to manage for the mitigation of climate change. For this, unit root test and panel co-integration technique is applied. Study findings reported that the intricate connection between place-and-time-specific GHG emission reduction responsibilities is significant with 18% and the ‘production’, trading and consumption of carbon allowances with 21% and offsets across vast time-space stretches related carbon drift is significant with 19.5% for climate change mitigation. For such significance, green financing is found imperative indicators which is significant at 27.1% with carbon drifts, and mitigates the climate change with 31.3%, which is, relatively high than usual climate change control practices. Our study also provides detailed policy implication on this topicality for associated stakeholder.

scholarly journals Support for climate change mitigation can be promoted by secure human attachment

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia F Nisa ◽  
Jocelyn Belanger ◽  
Birga Mareen Schumpe ◽  
Edyta Sasin
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
United Arab Emirates ◽  
Climate Change Mitigation ◽  
Attachment Security ◽  
Secure Attachment ◽  
National Geographic ◽  
Climate Change Study ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Mitigate Climate Change ◽  
Change Mitigation

Attachment is an ethological approach to the development of durable affective ties betweenhumans. We propose that secure attachment is crucial to understand climate change mitigationbecause the latter is inherently a communal phenomenon resulting from joint action, and requiring collective behavioral change. Here we show that secure (vs. insecure) attachment is associated with a higher willingness to pay taxes and prices to mitigate climate change (Study 1 N=1006 U.S. nationally representative sample). We also establish that priming attachment security increases acceptance (Study 2 N=173) and perceived responsibility about anthropogenic climate change (Study 3 N=209). Next, we show that priming attachment security, compared to a standard National Geographic video about climate change, increases monetary donations to a proenvironmental group in politically moderate and conservative individuals (Study 4 N=196). Lastly, in a preregistered field study conducted in the United Arab Emirates involving 130 nationalities (Study 5 N=143,558 food transactions), we show that an attachment-based message reduces food waste compared to a message related to carbon emissions. Our work suggests that a new avenue to promote climate change mitigation could be grounded in core ethological mechanisms associated with secure attachment.

Trade union strategies on climate change mitigation: Between opposition, hedging and support

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 383-399
Author(s):  
Adrien Thomas ◽  
Nadja Doerflinger
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Trade Union ◽  
Trade Unions ◽  
Climate Change Mitigation ◽  
Qualitative Methodology ◽  
Change Strategies ◽  
Theoretical Level ◽  
Interest Representation ◽  
Union Democracy ◽  
Change Mitigation

This article aims to provide a better understanding of trade unions’ climate change strategies. Using a qualitative methodology based on an analysis of interviews and documents, the article sets out the three ideal-typical strategies of unions towards climate change mitigation policies: opposition, hedging and support. Our analysis finds that current trade union strategies on climate change are primarily rooted in sectoral interests mediated by union identities and conceptions of union democracy. At a theoretical level, the article contributes to broader debates on interest representation and collective bargaining behaviour by trade unions, in particular to the much-discussed tendency of organized groups to pursue private gains at the expense of common goods.

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