scholarly journals Influence of a High Ambient Temperature and Dietary Fat Supplementation on Fatty Acid Composition of Depot Fats in Finishing Pigs

1995 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 225-232
Author(s):  
Masaya KATSUMATA ◽  
Hideaki HIROSE ◽  
Yuji KAJI ◽  
Mamoru SAITOH
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Dietary Fat ◽  
High Ambient Temperature ◽  
Finishing Pigs ◽  
Fat Supplementation

Fatty acid composition of ewe milk as affected by solar radiation and high ambient temperature

2002 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
AGOSTINO SEVI ◽  
TADDEO ROTUNNO ◽  
ROBERTO DI CATERINA ◽  
ANTONIO MUSCIO
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
High Ambient Temperature ◽  
Short Chain ◽  
Feeding Time

Forty lactating Comisana ewes were either exposed to or protected from solar radiation and fed either in the morning or afternoon during summer in a Mediterranean climate. Individual milk samples were taken on days 7, 21 and 42 of the study period to determine fatty acid composition by gas chromatography. Exposure to solar radiation resulted in higher proportions of short-chain and saturated fatty acids in milk, primarily because of increased contents of caproic, capric, lauric, myristic and stearic acids (by 3–18%), and decreased contents of oleic, linoleic and linolenic acids (by 2–9%). As a consequence, the long to short chain and the unsaturated to saturated fatty acid ratios were significantly higher by 4 and 13% respectively in the milk of the protected ewes compared with that of the exposed animals. Provision of shade also led to an increase in the 18[ratio ]0+18[ratio ]1 to 16[ratio ]0 ratio, and to a decrease in the 12[ratio ]0+14[ratio ]0+16[ratio ]0 fatty acid group, which are regarded as reliable indexes of the nutritional property of dietary fat in reducing cholesterol levels in human plasma. Feeding time had little impact on milk fat. Our findings suggest that high ambient temperature may markedly modify the lipid composition of ewe milk and that provision of shade, but not feeding management, can improve the milk fatty acid profile in dairy sheep raised in hot climates.

The fatty acid composition of solid- and liquid-associated rumen bacteria isolated from cows

1999 ◽  
Vol 1999 ◽  
pp. 30-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.S. Lee ◽  
M.B. Chang ◽  
N.D. Scollan ◽  
R.J. Merry ◽  
M.S. Dhanoa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Total Fatty Acid ◽  
Dietary Fat ◽  
Rumen Bacteria ◽  
Fatty Acid Profiles ◽  
Fat Supplementation ◽  
Associated Bacteria ◽  
Microbial Taxonomy

The distinctive (phospholipid or total) fatty acid profiles of the major classes of micro-organism have been used in microbial taxonomy as well as to act as microbial markers in soils. Our studies seek to identify the potential of this approach in rumen studies. One of the main distinctions is between solid- and liquid-associated bacteria (SAB and LAB) in the rumen, though it is not clear what relative contributions these make to microbial yield from the rumen. The objective of this work was to determine whether SAB and LAB have distinctive fatty acid profiles and if differences are affected by dietary fat supplementation.

Growth and carcass fatness responses of finishing pigs to dietary fat supplementation at a high ambient temperature

1996 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 591-598 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Katsumata ◽  
Y. Kaji ◽  
M. Saitoh
Keyword(s):  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Dietary Fat ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
High Ambient Temperature ◽  
Food Utilization ◽  
Finishing Pigs ◽  
Internal Organs ◽  
Fat Supplementation

AbstractAn experiment involving 18 individually fed barrows weighing about 81 kg was conducted to determine the effects of a high ambient temperature (30°C v. 22°C) and dietary fat supplementation (100 g/kg diet of encapsulated-tallow v. 0 g/kg) on growth performance and carcass fatness of finishing pigs. Digestible energy (DE) intake and growth rates were significantly lower at a high ambient temperature (P < 0·001). Dietary fat supplementation considerably increased DE intakes at a high ambient temperature (40·0 v. 33·8 MJ/day) while slightly increasing it at a thermoneutral temperature (53·1 v. 50·6 MJ/day). Dietary fat supplementation tended to increase growth rates and significantly improved the efficiency of food utilization (P<0·01). Pigs with dietary fat supplementation exhibited greater enhancement in backfat depths, carcass fatness and internal organ fat at a high ambient temperature than at a thermoneutral temperature. Linear correlation between DE intake and crude fat concentration of carcasses was statistically significant at a high ambient temperature (P < 0·01, r = 0·71). Although there appeared to be a positive correlation, it was not statistically significant at a thermoneutral temperature (P > 0·05). Crude fat concentration of the internal organs linearly correlated with DE intake (P < 0·01, r = 0·66). However, fat concentration of the internal organs did not correlate to DE intake at a thermoneutral temperature. The present study indicated that although dietary fat supplementation improved growth performance of pigs over 81 kg live weight initially in hot environments, there was the disadvantage of excessive fat deposition in their bodies.

Effects of Added Dietary Fat on Fatty Acid Composition and Carcass Characteristics of Fattening Steers

1961 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 712-717 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. L. Edwards ◽  
S. B. Tove ◽  
T. N. Blumer ◽  
E. R. Barrick
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Dietary Fat ◽  
Carcass Characteristics

Maternal Dietary Fat Type Influences the Growth and Fatty Acid Composition of Newborn and Weanling Rats

1991 ◽  
Vol 121 (12) ◽  
pp. 1917-1923 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dorothy B. Hausman ◽  
Holly M. McCloskey ◽  
Roy J. Martin
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Dietary Fat ◽  
Weanling Rats

scholarly journals Effects of dietary n -6: n -3 PUFA ratio on the growth performance, serum lipid and adipokine profiles, tissue fatty acid composition and gene expression of lipid metabolism of finishing pigs

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Chen ◽  
Jiantao Li ◽  
Xianjun Liu ◽  
Hongze Cui ◽  
Liyan Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Blood Lipid ◽  
Finishing Pigs ◽  
Pufa Ratio ◽  
Tissue Fatty Acid Composition

Abstract Background The health benefits of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), such as cardioprotective, anti-inflammatory and hypo-triglyceridemic properties, have been well documented. However, current dietary modification can easily lead to excessive concentrations of n-6 PUFA and an imbalance in the n-6:n-3 PUFA ratio, resulting in the pathogenesis of obesity and related diseases. This study investigated the effects of various dietary n-6:n-3 PUFA ratios on the growth performance, blood lipid and cytokine profiles, tissue fatty acid composition, and gene expression involved in lipid metabolism in finishing pigs. Seventy-two crossbred [(Duroc × Landrace) × Yorkshire] finishing pigs (68.5 ± 1·8 kg) were fed one of four isoenergetic diets with n-6:n-3 PUFA ratios of 2:1, 3:1, 5:1 and 8:1. Results Pigs fed diets with n-6:n-3 PUFA ratios of 3:1 and 5:1 had a higher average daily gain (ADG) and average daily feed intake (ADFI) (P < 0.05) and a lower feed conversion ratio (FCR) (P < 0.05). The concentrations of triglyceride (TG) and total cholesterol (TC) of pigs fed diets with n-6:n-3 PUFA ratios of 1:1 to 5:1 decreased (P < 0·05), whereas the ratio of concentrations of high-density to low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C:LDL-C) in pigs fed a diet with an n-6:n-3 PUFA ratio of 2:1 increased (P < 0·05) compared with those fed a diet with an n-6:n-3 PUFA ratio of 8:1. Pigs fed a diet with n-6:n-3 PUFA ratios of 2:1 and 3:1 had lower concentrations of leptin (LEP) and interleukin 6 (IL-6) (P < 0·05), and higher concentrations of adiponectin (APN) (P < 0·05) than those fed diets with n-6:n-3 PUFA ratios of 5:1 and 8:1. Diets with n-6:n-3 PUFA ratios of 2:1 and 3:1 markedly down-regulated the expression levels of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ) and lipoprotein lipase (LPL) in both the longissimus dorsi muscle (LM) and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SCAT), but up-regulated the expression level of adipocyte fatty acid binding protein (aP2) in the LM. The expression levels of aP2 and hormone- sensitive lipase were similar to those of PPARγ in the SCAT. Conclusions This study demonstrated that dietary n-6:n-3 PUFA ratios between 3:1 and 5:1 beneficially affected growth performance, optimize blood lipid and adipocytokine levels, enhanced absorption and deposition of n-3 PUFA and regulated lipid metabolism-related genes.

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