scholarly journals Factores condicionantes y dependencia espacial en el grado de concentración salarial en España

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 597
Author(s):  
Beatriz Larraz ◽  
Marcos Herrera
Keyword(s):  
Wage Inequality ◽  
Sampling Strategy ◽  
Wage Structure ◽  
Wage Distribution ◽  
Nuisance Parameters ◽  
Final Model ◽  
Spatial Panel ◽  
Spatial Panel Data ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Employment Characteristics

In recent years, unequal wage distribution in Spain appears to be of particular importance. This article seeks to contribute to the literature so far going deeper into the knowledge of the possible determinants of this wage concentration in Spain. The impact of workers’ personal and employment characteristics and those of the company in the distribution of wages will be analyzed. The analysis was carried out from the latest available official micro-data  on wages corresponding to the Wage Structure Survey 2010 in 52 Spanish provinces. Subsequently, using the latest developments in spatial panel data, any possible spatial dependence and the different specification options will be analyzed. The results show that fixed-effect SLX is appropriate to explain wage inequality. The sampling strategy means that the final model must be includes a correction of nuisance parameters due to the correlation between consecutive samples.

scholarly journals The impact of a minimum wage change on the distribution of wages and household income

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Redmond ◽  
Karina Doorley ◽  
Seamus McGuinness
Keyword(s):  
Income Distribution ◽  
Minimum Wage ◽  
Wage Inequality ◽  
Household Income ◽  
Spillover Effects ◽  
Wage Distribution ◽  
Wage Increase ◽  
Minimum Wage Increase ◽  
Wage Change ◽  
The Impact

Abstract We use distribution regression analysis to study the impact of a 6% increase in the Irish minimum wage on the distribution of hourly wages and household income. Wage inequality, measured by the ratio of wages in the 90th and 10th percentiles and the 75th and 25th percentiles, decreased by approximately 8 and 4%, respectively. The results point towards wage spillover effects up to the 30th percentile of the wage distribution. We show that minimum wage workers are spread throughout the household income distribution and are often located in high-income households. Therefore, while we observe strong effects on the wage distribution, the impact of a minimum wage increase on the household income distribution is quite limited.

The Impact of IRCA on the Job Opportunities and Earnings of Mexican-American and Hispanic-American Workers

1998 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Dávila ◽  
José A. Pagán ◽  
Montserrat Viladrich Grau
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Mexican American ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
White Male ◽  
Wage Structure ◽  
Wage Distribution ◽  
Hispanic Workers ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Hispanic White

This article studies the earnings gap between Mexican, Hispanic and non-Hispanic white male workers resulting from changes in both the wage structure and immigration laws that occurred during the 1980s. Our results suggest that Mexican and Hispanic workers were adversely affected by these two changes. Using data from the 1980 and 1990 One Percent Public Use Microdata Samples, we show that these “at-risk” workers minimized the negative impact of the increases in the returns to skill by gaining in the non-Hispanic white residual wage distribution. We conclude that at-risk workers increased their work effort to lessen the effects of Act-induced employment losses. Using 1983–1992 data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth and EEOC data for this period, we provide support for this contention.

scholarly journals Expanding higher education and wage inequality in Chile

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 877-889
Author(s):  
Yoshimichi Murakami ◽  
Tomokazu Nomura
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Wage Inequality ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Wage Structure ◽  
Wage Distribution ◽  
Structure Effect ◽  
Composition Effect ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Subsequent Decrease ◽  
Using Data

PurposeThis study aims to analyse the contribution of the expansion and diversification of higher education to Chile's increase in wage inequality from 1992 to 2000 and its subsequent decrease from 2000 to 2013.Design/methodology/approachThe wage equation for each year is estimated using data from the national household survey, Encuesta de Caracterización Socioeconómica Nacional (CASEN). Using the method proposed by Firpo et al. (2009), the evolution of wage changes is decomposed into composition and wage structure effects of each explanatory variable at different points of the wage distribution.FindingsThe results show that the positive composition effect of higher education, derived from the increasing share of both workers with university degrees and those with vocational degrees, is substantially larger at the upper quantiles and exceeds the negative wage structure effect, thereby contributing to increasing wage inequality from 1992 to 2000. By contrast, the negative wage structure effect of higher education, primarily derived from the decreasing return to university degrees, is substantially larger at the upper quantiles and exceeds the positive composition effect, thereby contributing to decreasing wage inequality from 2000 to 2013.Originality/valueThis study contributes to the literature by showing that the expansion of higher education increased inequality in the 1990s and decreased it in the 2000s while the increasing supply of workers with vocational degrees decreased wage premiums for university degrees in the latter period.

scholarly journals Spatial-Temporal Characteristics in Grain Production and Its Influencing Factors in the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain from 1995 to 2018

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (24) ◽  
pp. 9193
Author(s):  
Chunshan Zhou ◽  
Rongrong Zhang ◽  
Xiaoju Ning ◽  
Zhicheng Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Influencing Factors ◽  
Spatial Data ◽  
Spatial Data Analysis ◽  
Grain Production ◽  
Temporal Characteristics ◽  
Spatial Panel ◽  
Geographically Weighted Regression Model ◽  
Northern Areas ◽  
Spatial Panel Data ◽  
The Impact

The Huang-Huai-Hai Plain is the major crop-producing region in China. Based on the climate and socio-economic data from 1995 to 2018, we analyzed the spatial–temporal characteristics in grain production and its influencing factors by using exploratory spatial data analysis, a gravity center model, a spatial panel data model, and a geographically weighted regression model. The results indicated the following: (1) The grain production of eastern and southern areas was higher, while that of western and northern areas was lower; (2) The grain production center in the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain shifted from the southeast to northwest in Tai’an, and was distributed stably at the border between Jining and Tai’an; (3) The global spatial autocorrelation experienced a changing process of “decline–growth–decline”, and the area of hot and cold spots was gradually reduced and stabilized, which indicated that the polarization of grain production in local areas gradually weakened and the spatial difference gradually decreased in the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain; (4) The impact of socio-economic factors has been continuously enhanced while the role of climate factors in grain production has been gradually weakened. The ratio of the effective irrigated area, the amount of fertilizer applied per unit sown area, and the average per capita annual income of rural residents were conducive to the increase in grain production in the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain; however, the effect of the annual precipitation on grain production has become weaker. More importantly, the association between the three factors and grain production was found to be spatially heterogeneous at the local geographic level.

Inbound Tourism as a Driving Force for Regional Innovation: A Spatial Impact Study on China

2018 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 594-607 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingjing Liu ◽  
Peter Nijkamp
Keyword(s):  
Driving Force ◽  
Social Innovation ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
Regional Innovation ◽  
Spatial Panel ◽  
Inbound Tourism ◽  
Spatial Panel Data ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Tourism Flows ◽  
The Empirical Analysis

Cross-border flows of people, capital, and information along with inbound tourism flows can act as an important vehicle that benefits the innovation system in tourism destination areas. This study addresses the unintended but far-reaching impact of international tourism by focusing on the influence of inbound tourism on regional innovation in China. Data from 30 Chinese provinces for the years 2003–2012 are used for the empirical analysis, employing a spatial panel data model. The results show that inbound tourism may be a new and powerful driving force for regional innovation, while the effect of inbound tourism on technological innovation appears to be weaker than that on social innovation. Our findings also show that a higher market percentage of domestic tourism may weaken the impact of inbound tourism. Furthermore, the impact of inbound tourism on innovation tends to be relatively stronger in the richer and more internationally oriented provinces of China.

scholarly journals Globalization, economic freedom, and wage inequality: A panel data analysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 63 (5) ◽  
pp. 581-601 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gülsün Yay ◽  
Hüseyin Taştan ◽  
Asuman Oktayer
Keyword(s):  
Panel Data ◽  
Wage Inequality ◽  
Economic Freedom ◽  
Panel Data Analysis ◽  
Oecd Countries ◽  
Dynamic Panel Data ◽  
Wage Distribution ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Economic Freedom Index ◽  
The Impact

This paper examines the impact of globalization and liberalization on wage inequality using the KOF globalization index, the Economic Freedom Index (EFI) of the Fraser Institute and the Theil industrial pay inequality statistic compiled by the University of Texas Inequality Project (UTIP). Both static and dynamic fixedeffects models are estimated using a 5-year panel data set consisting of about 90 developed and developing countries for the 1970-2005 period. Estimation results from the dynamic panel data specification suggest that wage inequality has a significant and slowly changing component. The overall KOF and EFI indexes are found to be statistically insignificant in the full sample, but the results show that economic freedom is associated with more wage inequality, especially in Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries. The estimation results from country groups indicate that more deregulation is associated with more earnings inequality in OECD countries. The results from the models with subcomponents of the EFI imply that access to sound money has a negative effect on wage inequality. A more stable price system in an economy implies a more equal wage distribution in emerging markets (EM), non-OECD countries, and European Union (EU).

Changes in the Turkish Wage Structure in the EU Accession Process

2016 ◽  
pp. 187-208
Author(s):  
Nursel Aydiner-Avsar ◽  
M. Burak Onemli
Keyword(s):  
Wage Inequality ◽  
College Education ◽  
Wage Structure ◽  
Wage Distribution ◽  
Eu Accession ◽  
Job Status ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Accession Process ◽  
Major Factors ◽  
The Eu

This chapter aims to analyze the evolution of Turkish wage structure following the introduction of new labor law in 2003 in the EU accession process. The authors first present a descriptive picture of the changes in wage inequality between 2003 and 2013. They then conduct an econometric analysis of the relative importance of individual, job- and workplace-related factors on wages across the wage distribution to understand what drives this outcome. It is found that wage inequality decreased from 2003 to 2007, and increased during the global economic crisis. Increased returns to college education, skilled white collar jobs as well as returns to construction sector stand out as the major factors increasing wage inequality. Though to a lesser extent, increased returns to blue-collar jobs, formal job status and reduced returns to employment in large firms are factors reducing wage inequality in Turkey in the post-2003 era.

scholarly journals The Contribution of the Minimum Wage to US Wage Inequality over Three Decades: A Reassessment

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
David H. Autor ◽  
Alan Manning ◽  
Christopher L. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Minimum Wage ◽  
Wage Inequality ◽  
Wage Structure ◽  
Earnings Inequality ◽  
Minimum Wages ◽  
Wage Distribution ◽  
Prior Work ◽  
Lower Tail ◽  
Structure Changes ◽  
Wage Effects

We reassess the effect of minimum wages on US earnings inequality using additional decades of data and an IV strategy that addresses potential biases in prior work. We find that the minimum wage reduces inequality in the lower tail of the wage distribution, though by substantially less than previous estimates, suggesting that rising lower tail inequality after 1980 primarily reflects underlying wage structure changes rather than an unmasking of latent inequality. These wage effects extend to percentiles where the minimum is nominally nonbinding, implying spillovers. We are unable to reject that these spillovers are due to reporting artifacts, however. (JEL J22, J31, J38, K31)

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