La política de la competencia versus la política social y de empleo en la UE

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 699-722
Author(s):  
José Antonio Rodríguez Miguez
Keyword(s):  
Fundamental Dimension

El objeto del presente trabajo, dentro de un número monográfico dedicado a la Política Social Comunitaria, es ofrecer una visión diferente de la que se ha asignado a las relaciones entre la Política Social y de Empleo y la de la Competencia, que tradicionalmente han sido vistas como antagónicas. Frente a esta consideración, percibida por muchos operadores económicos, trataremos de poner en evidencia la complementariedad de ambas, pues la Política de la Competencia, tiene una fundamental dimensión social en la medida en que promueve la eficiencia de las empresas y la mejor asignación de recursos públicos, estimulando el progreso económico y el bienestar de trabajadores y consumidores.

Bayesian Inference in Human Time Perception

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darren Rhodes
Keyword(s):  
Time Perception ◽  
Likelihood Function ◽  
Human Perception ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Temporal Properties ◽  
History Of Research ◽  
Psychophysical Testing ◽  
History Of ◽  
Fundamental Dimension ◽  
Perception Of Time

Time is a fundamental dimension of human perception, cognition and action, as the perception and cognition of temporal information is essential for everyday activities and survival. Innumerable studies have investigated the perception of time over the last 100 years, but the neural and computational bases for the processing of time remains unknown. First, we present a brief history of research and the methods used in time perception and then discuss the psychophysical approach to time, extant models of time perception, and advancing inconsistencies between each account that this review aims to bridge the gap between. Recent work has advocated a Bayesian approach to time perception. This framework has been applied to both duration and perceived timing, where prior expectations about when a stimulus might occur in the future (prior distribution) are combined with current sensory evidence (likelihood function) in order to generate the perception of temporal properties (posterior distribution). In general, these models predict that the brain uses temporal expectations to bias perception in a way that stimuli are ‘regularized’ i.e. stimuli look more like what has been seen before. Evidence for this framework has been found using human psychophysical testing (experimental methods to quantify behaviour in the perceptual system). Finally, an outlook for how these models can advance future research in temporal perception is discussed.

Dispositional negativity, cognition, and anxiety disorders: An integrative translational neuroscience framework

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juyoen Hur ◽  
Melissa D. Stockbridge ◽  
Andrew S. Fox ◽  
Alexander J. Shackman
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Executive Control ◽  
Intervention Strategies ◽  
Attentional Biases ◽  
Translational Neuroscience ◽  
Adult Personality ◽  
Fundamental Dimension ◽  
To Come ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms

When extreme, anxiety can become debilitating. Anxiety disorders, which often first emerge early in development, are common and challenging to treat, yet the underlying mechanisms have only recently begun to come into focus. Here, we review new insights into the nature and biological bases of dispositional negativity, a fundamental dimension of childhood temperament and adult personality and a prominent risk factor for the development of pediatric and adult anxiety disorders. Converging lines of epidemiological, neurobiological, and mechanistic evidence suggest that dispositional negativity increases the likelihood of psychopathology via specific neurocognitive mechanisms, including attentional biases to threat and deficits in executive control. Collectively, these observations provide an integrative translational framework for understanding the development and maintenance of anxiety disorders in adults and youth and set the stage for developing improved intervention strategies.

scholarly journals AL MARGEN DE HENRÍQUEZ UREÑA SOBRE “VOZ”, “CUERPO” Y “HERENCIA” EN EL FILOSOFAR DE NUESTRA AMÉRICA

Andamios ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (13) ◽  
pp. 259
Author(s):  
Rafael Mondragón
Keyword(s):  
Fundamental Dimension ◽  
Siglo Xix ◽  
Siglo Xx

A partir del magisterio de Pedro Henríquez Ureña, el presente texto elabora algunas reflexiones sobre el estudio de las prácticas filosóficas (“filosofar”) en nuestra América, del siglo XIX a inicios del siglo XX. Estas prácticas se transmiten en formas no escritas, relacionadas con la oralidad y la gestualidad; por ello, no pueden ser estudiadas únicamente a partir de los textos que conforman la obra publicada de nuestros autores. El presente ensayo elabora algunas sugerencias para estudiar estas formas de transmisión, que remiten al problema de los “estilos” del filosofar, la relación entre retórica y filosofía y la fundamental dimensión afectiva de nuestra tradición filosófica.

scholarly journals The Sacred and Aspects of Its Localizaton

2019 ◽  
pp. 69-79
Author(s):  
Andrey S. Khudyaev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Direct Contact ◽  
Sacred Space ◽  
Evolutionary Development ◽  
Religious Consciousness ◽  
Religious Worldview ◽  
Spatial Factor ◽  
Religious Subject ◽  
Sacred Object ◽  
Fundamental Dimension ◽  
Definition Of

The author of this paper pays attention to the problem of the sacred and its localization, proceeding from the definition of religion as a religion subject attitude toward a sacral object and being aware of the absence of unmistakable and generally accepted conception of the last one’ nature. The space surrounding human is considered as the most fundamental dimension, in the context of which phenomena of religious consciousness could take their places. The insightful commentary is given on the conception, which draws distinction between locative and utopian types of religious worldview, on the ground of some scientific-philosophical statements and religious sources. The thesis about locative type heterogeneity, which assumes the process of spatial alienation between religious subject and sacred object and exclusion an opportunity of their direct contact, is put forward. Concerning utopian tradition, it is claimed that they are not capable to be released completely from spatial factor and keep their locative features within the field of ritual and folk religiosity, despite the removing of absolutely significant sacred center out of limits of spatial structure at theological level. Dialectics of locative/utopian becomes a subject of special theological conceptualization within these cultures. The article’s content cannot be applied for formulation of universal model of religious worldview evolutionary development; it is rather connected with typological construction. Its explication could make a contribution to the problem of the sacred space which is a classic issue in the phenomenology of religion.

Narrazioni transnazionali: rappresentazione e racconto nei movimenti alterglobalisti, tra traduzione culturale e attivazione della protesta

2009 ◽  
pp. 135-162
Author(s):  
Beppe De Sario
Keyword(s):  
Personal Experience ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Mutual Recognition ◽  
Decisive Role ◽  
Documentary Films ◽  
Cultural Experience ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
Fundamental Dimension ◽  
And Training

- The article focuses on the role of representations (particularly visual and medial representations), of storytelling (biographical, memory of activism, training to global activism), of personal experience (travels, experience included in counter-summits and protests) and more generally examines cultural practices in the building of basis of mutual recognition and identity for people involved in the networks of alterglobal movements. Representations, narratives and experience have a decisive role in the developing of a globalization from below, giving a sort of cultural ground to communication and organizational networks. In this sense, the "activist experience" acts as a device of mediation and cultural translation in the emerging alterglobal movements, becoming a fundamental dimension of movements which should be considered "transnational" not only on the level of organization, agenda setting, activation of protest, but also at level of subjectivity. The article develops in three parts. In the first part, it's the analysis of representations of alterglobal movements in Genoa (counter-summit and protests against G8 summit) emerging from audiovisual products and documentary films. The second one focuses on biographical stories of activists about learning and training to experience activism in the new environment of protest taking place in Genoa. The third part summarizes concepts and theoretical approaches about a culturalist perspective in the study of alterglobal movements. Keywords: alterglobal movements, transnational subjectivity, cultural experience, representations, narratives. 174

Promotion of Migrant Entrepreneurship

2020 ◽  
pp. 248-262
Author(s):  
Pedro Calado ◽  
Ana Couteiro
Keyword(s):  
Capacity Building ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
Public Policies ◽  
Skills Development ◽  
Migrant Entrepreneurship ◽  
Development Capacity ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Fundamental Dimension

Migration is a dynamic reality in today's global and modern societies, representing challenges and opportunities. Studies show that migrants and refugees are resilient and more likely than non-migrants to start new businesses, although they still encounter obstacles mainly associated with their legal status. The High Commission for Migration (ACM) is a public institute in Portugal responsible for the implementation of public policies for the reception and integration of migrants. Through its Migrant Entrepreneur Support Office (GAEM), ACM promotes a range of initiatives to support migrants and refugees wishing to develop micro-business in Portugal, based primarily on skills development, capacity building, networking, and institutional referral. From the Portuguese experience, this chapter will describe the investment in public measures in this area, demonstrating how the promotion of entrepreneurship is a fundamental dimension for the integration of migrants and how ACM supports migrants and refugees in the development of their entrepreneurial projects.

Are Teachers Prepared to Educate in Citizenship?

2021 ◽  
pp. 437-459
Author(s):  
Francisco F. García-Pérez
Keyword(s):  
School Culture ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Environmental Problems ◽  
School Curriculum ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Active Citizenship ◽  
Fundamental Dimension

Education for active citizenship is a fundamental dimension of education, especially in the context of today's world. This is proclaimed by educational institutions and authorities, and has been incorporated into official curricula. But the reality of school is frequently incoherent with those statements. Indeed, the predominant school culture is a factor that conditions the activity of teachers as educators for citizenship. Research carried out in Andalusia (Spain) shows the difficulties teachers have in incorporating any education for citizenship into their subjects. Likewise, projects and initiatives coming from non-formal education are insufficiently exploited. These investigations also indicate that educational proposals organized around social and environmental problems facilitate the integration of education for citizenship into the school curriculum and the training of teachers as educators of citizens by getting them involved in these innovative experiences.

scholarly journals Where’s the database in digital ethnography? Exploring database ethnography for open data research

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 598-616 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan Burns ◽  
Grace Wark
Keyword(s):  
Smart City ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Open Data ◽  
Urban Life ◽  
Data Types ◽  
Digital Ethnography ◽  
Fundamental Dimension ◽  
Recent Trends ◽  
Technical Specifications ◽  
The City

Contemporary cities are witnessing momentous shifts in how institutions and individuals produce and circulate data. Despite recent trends claiming that anyone can create and use data, cities remain marked by persistently uneven access and usage of digital technologies. This is the case as well within the emergent phenomenon of the ‘smart city,’ where open data are a key strategy for achieving ‘smartness,’ and increasingly constitute a fundamental dimension of urban life, governance, economic activity, and epistemology. The digital ethnography has extended traditional ethnographic research practices into such digital realms, yet its applicability within open data and smart cities is unclear. The method has tended to overlook the important roles of particular digital artifacts such as the database in structuring and producing knowledge. In this paper, we develop the database ethnography as a rich methodological resource for open data research. This approach centers the database as a key site for the production and materialization of social meaning. The database ethnography draws attention to the ways digital choices and practices—around database design, schema, data models, and so on—leave traces through time. From these traces, we may infer lessons about how phenomena come to be encoded as data and acted upon in urban contexts. Open databases are, in other words, key ways in which knowledges about the smart city are framed, delimited, and represented. More specifically, we argue that open databases limit data types, categorize and classify data to align with technical specifications, reflect the database designer’s episteme, and (re)produce conceptions of the world. We substantiate these claims through a database ethnography of the open data portal for the city of Calgary, in Western Canada.

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