High speed centrifugal compressor surge initiation characterization

1996 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Oakes ◽  
Patrick Lawless ◽  
John Fagan ◽  
Sanford Fleeter
Keyword(s):  
Centrifugal Compressor ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Compressor Surge

High-Speed Centrifugal Compressor Surge Initiation Characterization

2002 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 1012-1018 ◽  
Author(s):  
William C. Oakes ◽  
Patrick B. Lawless ◽  
John R. Fagan ◽  
Sanford Fleeter
Keyword(s):  
Centrifugal Compressor ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Compressor Surge

Backstepping for Active Control of Surge in Unshrouded Centrifugal Compressors With Magnetic Thrust Bearing Actuation

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dorsa Sanadgol ◽  
Eric Maslen
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Centrifugal Compressor ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Thrust Bearing ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Tip Clearance ◽  
Stable Region ◽  
Backstepping Method ◽  
Pressure Oscillations ◽  
Compressor Surge

The backstepping method is applied to design a controller which is capable of actively suppressing the oscillations induced by compressor surge using the sensitivity of the centrifugal compressor characteristic to the tip clearance of the unshrouded impeller. This is achieved using a magnetic thrust bearing to modulate the tip clearance of the impeller. The controller is designed with the objective that system trajectories remain on the compressor characteristic curve in the presence of disturbances downstream of the compressor. This ensures zero steady state offset of the impeller, which maintains the efficiency of the compressor. Results from simulation of the nonlinear model for a single stage high speed centrifugal compressor show that using backstepping control, mass flow and pressure oscillations associated with compressor surge are quickly suppressed with acceptable control requirements of typical machines. Further, the stable region of the compressor operation is significantly increased and the compression system will not enter surge cycles for a wide variety of disturbances downstream of the compressor.

Stall Inception in a High Speed Centrifugal Compressor During Speed Transients

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fangyuan Lou ◽  
John C. Fabian ◽  
Nicole L. Key
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Centrifugal Compressor ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Flow Instability ◽  
Leading Edge ◽  
Fast Response ◽  
Rotating Stall ◽  
Transient Performance ◽  
Stall Inception ◽  
Pressure Transducers

The inception and evolution of rotating stall in a high-speed centrifugal compressor are characterized during speed transients. Experiments were performed in the Single Stage Centrifugal Compressor (SSCC) facility at Purdue University and include speed transients from sub-idle to full speed at different throttle settings while collecting transient performance data. Results show a substantial difference in the compressor transient performance for accelerations versus decelerations. This difference is associated with the heat transfer between the flow and the hardware. The heat transfer from the hardware to the flow during the decelerations locates the compressor operating condition closer to the surge line and results in a significant reduction in surge margin during decelerations. Additionally, data were acquired from fast-response pressure transducers along the impeller shroud, in the vaneless space, and along the diffuser passages. Two different patterns of flow instabilities, including mild surge and short-length-scale rotating stall, are observed during the decelerations. The instability starts with a small pressure perturbation at the impeller leading edge and quickly develops into a single-lobe rotating stall burst. The stall cell propagates in the direction opposite of impeller rotation at approximately one third of the rotor speed. The rotating stall bursts are observed in both the impeller and diffuser, with the largest magnitudes near the diffuser throat. Furthermore, the flow instability develops into a continuous high frequency stall and remains in the fully developed stall condition.

Effect of Different Geometrical Inlet Pipes on a High Speed Centrifugal Compressor

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ce Yang ◽  
Ben Zhao ◽  
C. C. Ma ◽  
Dazhong Lao ◽  
Mi Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Centrifugal Compressor ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Pressure Ratio ◽  
Inlet Pipe ◽  
Unsteady Pressure ◽  
Bent Pipe ◽  
Low Mass ◽  
Compressor Performance ◽  
Spectral Frequency ◽  
The One

Two different inlet configurations, including a straight pipe and a bent pipe, were experimentally tested and numerically simulated using a high-speed, low-mass flow centrifugal compressor. The pressure ratios of the compressor with the two inlet configurations were tested and then compared to illustrate the effect of the bent inlet pipe on the compressor. Furthermore, different circumferential positions of the bent inlet pipe relative to the volute are discussed for two purposes. One purpose is to describe the changes in the compressor performance that result from altering the circumferential position of the bent inlet pipe relative to the volute. This change in performance may be the so-called clocking effect, and its mechanism is different from the one in multistage turbomachinery. The other purpose is to investigate the unsteady flow for different matching states of the bent inlet pipe and volute. Thus, the frequency spectrum of unsteady pressure fluctuation was applied to analyze the aerodynamic response. Compared with the straight inlet pipe, the experimental results show that the pressure ratio is modulated and that the choke point is shifted in the bent inlet pipe. Similarly, the pressure ratio can be influenced by altering the circumferential position of the bent inlet pipe relative to the volute, which may have an effect on the unsteady pressure in the rotor section. Therefore, the magnitude of interest spectral frequency is significantly changed by clocking the bent inlet pipe.

Multistage Centrifugal Compressor Surge Analysis: Part II—Numerical Simulation and Dynamic Control Parameters Evaluation

1999 ◽  
Vol 121 (2) ◽  
pp. 312-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. L. Arnulfi ◽  
P. Giannattasio ◽  
C. Giusto ◽  
A. F. Massardo ◽  
D. Micheli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Active Control ◽  
Centrifugal Compressor ◽  
Dynamic Control ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Lumped Parameter Model ◽  
Theoretical Point ◽  
Control Parameters ◽  
Compression System ◽  
Compressor Surge ◽  
Multistage Centrifugal Compressor

This paper describes, from a theoretical point of view, the behavior of compression systems during surge and the effect of passive and active control devices on the instability limit of the system. A lumped parameter model is used to simulate the compression system described in Part I of this work (Arnulfi et al., 1999), based on an industrial multistage centrifugal compressor. A comparison with experimental results shows that the model is accurate enough to describe quantitatively all the features of the phenomenon. A movable wall control system is studied in order to suppress surge in the compressor. Passive and active control schemes are analyzed; they both address directly the dynamic behavior of the compression system to displace the surge line to lower flow rates. The influence of system, geometry and compressor speed is investigated: the optimum values of the control parameters and the corresponding increase in the extent of the stable operating range are presented in the paper.

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