scholarly journals An investigation into design concepts, design methods and stability criteria of salt caverns

2019 ◽  
Vol 74 ◽  
pp. 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rahim Habibi
Keyword(s):  
Structural Stability ◽  
Rock Salt ◽  
Mechanical Stability ◽  
Nonlinear Behavior ◽  
Stability Criteria ◽  
Temperature Changes ◽  
Salt Cavern ◽  
Design Concepts ◽  
Mechanical Factors ◽  
Salt Caverns

Salt rock has been used as hast rock to storing hydrocarbons and disposing nuclear wastes because of its low permeability. On other hand it deforms under even low deviatoric stress which threatens the structural stability of salt caverns. Rock mechanical stability is one of important stages in salt cavern’s design and construction, though mechanical factors (such as nonlinear behavior of rock salt), thermal factors (such as temperature changes during injection and production) and hydraulic factors (such as salt permeability and viscosity of stored material) affect on short term and long term behavior of salt cavern. Various criteria and methods have been investigated for salt cavern’s design and stability analysis. In this paper, by taking into account the importance of structural stability of salt cavern, the general behavior of rock salt and salt cavern are given. It reviews the various design concepts and methods and, in the following, stability criteria including stress-based and damage-based are also discussed. It is assigned that the RD stability criterion is more comprehensive than others.

scholarly journals Microscopic Pore Structure of Surrounding Rock for Underground Strategic Petroleum Reserve (SPR) Caverns in Bedded Rock Salt

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 1565 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nan Zhang ◽  
Wei Liu ◽  
Yun Zhang ◽  
Pengfei Shan ◽  
Xilin Shi
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Pore Structure ◽  
Rock Salt ◽  
Surrounding Rock ◽  
Self Healing ◽  
Rock Interaction ◽  
Salt Cavern ◽  
Term Operation ◽  
Strategic Petroleum Reserve ◽  
Salt Caverns

Using salt caverns for an underground strategic petroleum reserve (SPR) is considered as an ideal approach due to the excellent characteristics of low porosity, low permeability, self-healing of damage, and strong plastic deformation ability of rock salt. Salt deposits in China are mostly layered rock salt structures, with the characteristics of many interlayers, bringing great challenges for the construction of SPR facilities. Studying the microscopic pore characteristics of the rock surrounding SPR salt caverns in different environments (with brine and crude oil erosion) is necessary because the essence of mechanical and permeability characteristics is the macroscopic embodiment of the microscopic pore structure. In this paper, XRD tests and SEM tests are carried out to determine the physical properties of storage media and surrounding rock. Gas adsorption tests and mercury intrusion tests are carried out to analyze the microscopic pore structure, specific surface area variation and total aperture distribution characteristics of SPR salt cavern host rock. Results show that: (1) Large numbers of cores in interlayer and caprock may provide favorable channels for the leakage of high-pressure crude oil and brine. (2) The blockage of pores by macromolecular organic matter (colloid and asphaltene) in crude oil will not significantly change the structural characteristics of the rock skeleton, which is beneficial to the long-term operation of the SPR salt cavern. (3) The water–rock interaction will bring obvious changes in the micro-pore structure of rock and increase the leakage risk of the storage medium. The results can provide theoretical bases and methods for the tightness analysis of China’s first underground SPR salt cavern.

scholarly journals Probabilistic Analysis of a Rock Salt Cavern with Application to Energy Storage Systems

2016 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 139-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elham Mahmoudi ◽  
Kavan Khaledi ◽  
Shorash Miro ◽  
Diethard König ◽  
Tom Schanz
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Rock Salt ◽  
Probabilistic Analysis ◽  
Storage Systems ◽  
Energy Storage Systems ◽  
Salt Cavern ◽  
Rock Salt Cavern

Large-Scale CO 2 Disposal/Storage in Bedded Rock Salt Caverns of China: An Evaluation of Safety and Suitability

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiong Zhang ◽  
Wei Liu ◽  
Jie Chen ◽  
Deyi Jiang ◽  
Jinyang Fan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rock Salt ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Bedded Rock Salt ◽  
Bedded Rock ◽  
Salt Caverns

Allowable pillar width for bedded rock salt caverns gas storage

2015 ◽  
Vol 127 ◽  
pp. 433-444 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tongtao Wang ◽  
Chunhe Yang ◽  
Xiangzhen Yan ◽  
J.J.K. Daemen
Keyword(s):  
Rock Salt ◽  
Gas Storage ◽  
Pillar Width ◽  
Bedded Rock Salt ◽  
Bedded Rock ◽  
Salt Caverns

Consequence Analysis of Jet Fire Accidents Occurred in Salt Cavern Natural Gas Storage: Hazard Distance and its Influence Factors

2014 ◽  
Vol 1008-1009 ◽  
pp. 346-355
Author(s):  
Qi Lin Feng ◽  
Hao Cai ◽  
Zhi Long Chen ◽  
Dong Jun Guo ◽  
Yin Ma
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Influence Factors ◽  
Energy Storage System ◽  
Gas Storage ◽  
Operating Pressure ◽  
Natural Gas Storage ◽  
Salt Cavern ◽  
Salt Caverns

Natural gas storages in salt caverns are receiving an increasingly important role in energy storage system of many countries. This study focuses on analyzing the consequence of jet fire associated with natural gas storages in salt caverns. A widely used software, ALOHA, was adopted as simulation tool. The reliability of ALOHA was validated by comparing the simulated results with the field data observed in real accidents and the values calculated by a simple model presented in a previous study. The China's first natural gas storage in salt cavern, Jintan natural gas storage, was selected for case study. The case study reveals that the hazard distance of jet fire decreased with the increase of pipeline length, as well as the decrease of pipeline diameter and operating pressure.

Nonlinear Stability of Thermoelastic Sliding Contact

2005 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 595-598
Author(s):  
Jason D. Miller ◽  
D. Dane Quinn
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Scales ◽  
Dynamical Behavior ◽  
Stable State ◽  
Nonlinear Behavior ◽  
Sliding Contact ◽  
Stability Criteria ◽  
Multiple Scales Analysis ◽  
Two Equilibria

A model for sliding contact of a thermoelastic rod is considered and is subjected to a multiple scales analysis to uncover its nonlinear behavior near a neutrally stable state. The analysis reveals a combination of the contact resistance and frictional intensity that describes the generic unfolding of this critical state and its associated bifurcations. In particular, the system can describe how two equilibria coalesce in a saddle-node bifurcation and generalizes stability criteria that have been presented previously in the literature for this model. Moreover, this analysis describes the role of the initial deformation of the rod on its long-term dynamical behavior.

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