rock salt
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2022 ◽  
Vol 520 ◽  
pp. 230868
Author(s):  
Chuangxin Ge ◽  
Qihao Li ◽  
Meixue Hu ◽  
Gongwei Wang ◽  
Li Xiao ◽  
...  

PLoS ONE ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. e0262275
Author(s):  
Stephan Hilpmann ◽  
Miriam Bader ◽  
Robin Steudtner ◽  
Katharina Müller ◽  
Thorsten Stumpf ◽  
...  

The safe disposal of high-level radioactive waste in a deep geological repository is a huge social and technical challenge. So far, one of the less considered factors needed for a long-term risk assessment, is the impact of microorganisms occurring in the different host rocks. Even under the harsh conditions of salt formations different bacterial and archaeal species were found, e. g. Halobacterium sp. GP5 1–1, which has been isolated from a German rock salt sample. The interactions of this archaeon with uranium(VI), one of the radionuclides of major concern for the long-term storage of high-level radioactive waste, were investigated. Different spectroscopic techniques, as well as microscopy, were used to examine the occurring mechanisms on a molecular level leading to a more profound process understanding. Batch experiments with different uranium(VI) concentrations showed that the interaction is not only a simple, but a more complex combination of different processes. With the help of in situ attenuated total reflection Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy the association of uranium(VI) onto carboxylate groups was verified. In addition, time-resolved laser-induced luminescence spectroscopy revealed the formation of phosphate and carboxylate species within the cell pellets as a function of the uranium(VI) concentration and incubation time. The association behavior differs from another very closely related halophilic archaeon, especially with regard to uranium(VI) concentrations. This clearly demonstrates the importance of studying the interactions of different, at first sight very similar, microorganisms with uranium(VI). This work provides new insights into the microbe-uranium(VI) interactions at highly saline conditions relevant to the long-term storage of radioactive waste in rock salt.


Author(s):  
Dhanya Puthusseri ◽  
Mehran Dadsetan ◽  
Zhimin Qi ◽  
Ali Naseri ◽  
Haiyan Wang ◽  
...  

2022 ◽  
Vol 208 ◽  
pp. 109517
Author(s):  
Kai Zhao ◽  
Hongling Ma ◽  
Xiaopeng Liang ◽  
Xiaoxiao Li ◽  
Yibiao Liu ◽  
...  

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 49
Author(s):  
Yu Zheng ◽  
Xin Wu ◽  
Xuexia Lan ◽  
Renzong Hu

Recently, high entropy oxides (HEO) with special stabilization effects have been widely investigated as new anode materials for lithium-ion batteries. However, the lithium storage mechanism of HEO is still under debate. In this work, we applied a modified solution combustion synthesis method with a subsequent ball milling refinement process to prepare a six-component (FeNiCrMnMgAl)3O4 spinel high entropy oxide (6-SHEO). The novel 6-SHEO anode features outstanding electrochemical performance, enabling a stable capacity of 657 mAh g−1 at a current rate of 0.2 A g−1 after 200 cycles, and good high-rate capability with 350 mAh g−1 even at 4 A g−1. In addition, the lithium storage behavior of this 6-SHEO anode was explored in detail through in-situ XRD and ex-situ TEM approaches. Surprisingly, a reversible spinel to rock salt phase transition behavior and spinel phase residue phenomenon was firstly observed by this route. Furthermore, for better understanding of the phase change behavior in this 6-SHEO anode, a high-energy ball milling approach was applied to induce a similar spinel to rock salt phase transformation for the first time, which generates fresh insight into the mechanism of the phase change behavior in this 6-SHEO anode.


2021 ◽  
pp. 365-375
Author(s):  
Olha LEMKO ◽  
Ivan LEMKO

Introduction. Management of patients with chronic pathology requires development of long-term programs with organic combinations of medicamental and non-medicamental influences. Haloaerosoltherapy is a group inhalation of rock salt aerosol with concentration of more than 2-3mg/m3 and certain dispersion (with presence of large-, medium- and small-grained aerosol) aboveground. Material and method. On the basis of literature data review and results of own researches a comprehensive description of haloaerosoltherapy, its mechanisms, available technologies, indications and effectiveness at pulmonary pathology was given. Results and discussion. Basis of haloaerosol curative influence is hyperosmolar stimulus that improves drainage function of bronchi and provides sanitizing effect, which causes further changes at local and systemic levels. This justifies haloaerosoltherapy usage as method of rehabilitation treatment. Comparison of haloaerosoltherapy and other methods of halotherapy (use of halite), in particular, "salt rooms (caves)" was made. It has been proven that "salt rooms" can be used only as spa procedure. Conclusions. Application of term "halotherapy" to all methods that use halite or underground treatment is incorrect. This determines necessity for stop using this term. It is necessary to differentiate clearly applied methods of treatment using terms that reflect the essence of therapeutic effect. Haloaerosoltherapy should be considered a method of respiratory rehabilitation with a proven mechanism of action and effectiveness. Haloaerosol is obtained using specific devices - halogenegenerators. The effectiveness of haloaerosoltherapy immediately after the course of treatment and in remote period is testified. Keywords: Respiratory rehabilitation, halotherapy, haloaerosoltherapy, speleotherapy,


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