scholarly journals Childhood, Loss and Art in Masefield’s Harker Novels

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 71-96
Author(s):  
Alice Spencer ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Chronological Sequence ◽  
Childhood Loss ◽  
The Relationship

During the interwar years, John Masefield wrote three novels featuring a male protagonist with the surname “Harker” struggling against an adversary called Abner Brown. The first of these novels was written for an adult audience, the remaining two for children. The chronological sequence of these three novels and the relationship between their characters is far from clear, although the recurrence of names and places gives the impression that they should be read in connection with one another. In the present study, I will argue that the trilogy, whose settings correspond to specific periods of the author’s own life, can be read as a tripartite reflection on childhood, loss and the redeeming power of art

scholarly journals Description vs. Interpretation: The Attitudes of Traditional and Current Archaeology Towards the Problem of Impresso-Barbotine in the Early Neolithic

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 657
Author(s):  
Jasna Vuković
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
Surface Treatment ◽  
Ceramic Ware ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Early Neolithic ◽  
Historical Method ◽  
Functional Classes ◽  
Chronological Sequence ◽  
Complex Forms ◽  
The Relationship

The problem of the relationship impresso-barbotine has been chosen here, as an excellent example to illustrate the tendencies and shortcomings of the Yugoslav/Serbian archaeology during the major part of the 20th century, as well as the results forming the base for future research and new conclusions. The impresso-barbotine problem has been recognized as one of the important aspects of research into the Early Neolithic as early as in the 1950s, and formed the base for the formation of several relative chronological system. However, although the culture-historical approach is based upon detailed description and stylistic-typological analyses, these phenomena are defined and described in a number of different ways (if at all), causing great confusion. The highly simplified notion about the production and usage of ceramic ware, as well as the negligence for the functional and technological aspects, resulted in the absence of a clear statement if these techniques are in fact a form of decoration or surface treatment. On the other hand, paradoxically, these "elusive" phenomena have been taken as very precise chronological markers. The conclusions are not questionable even today, since the recent research has proven the chronological primacy of impresso over barbotine. Here, however, the shortcomings of the culture- historical method are most obvious: after the establishment of the relative chronological sequence and the identification of a change in the material culture, the reasons that induced the changes are not considered – interpretation is completely absent. However, the current archaeological trends focus upon the processes leading to changes in the material culture, the ones that cannot be explained without considering technology – from forming techniques to modes of usage. Bearing in mind that impresso, and afterwards barbotine appear on the same functional classes of pottery (storage, transportation), it may seem that the same idea motivated both manners of surface treatment – roughening so as to facilitate handling. In order to explain the reasons for the changes it is necessary to consider the forming techniques, with the most reliable indication in the chronological sequence impresso – relief impresso (plastic wheat-grain motif) – barbotine. The production of pottery with uneven surfaces rendered by impressing an instrument (impresso) and applying plastic bands, additionally fastened by impressing sharp instruments (relief impresso), is a time-consuming technique, requiring a lot of attention. It is therefore no wonder that the technique takes over of applying a layer of clay over a semi-dry surface and then arranging it with fingers – barbotine, since it is simpler and requires less work for the same effect. Current archaeological analyses of technology prove that the process of improvement of pottery forming techniques (leading to craft specialization) above all leads to simplification of procedure, in order to increase the number of vessels produced. Thus the typical assumption of traditional archaeology needs to be questioned, that the "development of culture" may be seen through the "evolution" of shapes and modes of decoration (treatment of surface), inevitably leading from simpler to more complex forms.

The Relationship Between Childhood Adversity and Other Aspects of Clinical Complexity in Psychiatric Outpatients

2019 ◽  
pp. 088626051986596
Author(s):  
Robert G. Maunder ◽  
Lesley Wiesenfeld ◽  
Andrea Lawson ◽  
Jonathan J. Hunter
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Childhood Abuse ◽  
Childhood Adversity ◽  
World Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Abuse And Neglect ◽  
Clinical Complexity ◽  
Childhood Loss ◽  
Distress Scale ◽  
The Relationship

Childhood abuse, neglect, and loss are common in psychiatric patients, and the relationship between childhood adversity and adult mental illness is well known. However, beyond diagnoses that are specifically trauma-related, such as posttraumatic stress disorder, there has been little research on how childhood adversity contributes to complex presentations that require more intensive treatment. We examined the relationship between childhood adversity and other contributors to clinical complexity in adult outpatients seeking mental health assessment. In a cross-sectional study, patients completed standard measures of psychological distress and functional impairment. Psychiatrists completed an inventory of clinical complexity, which included childhood abuse, neglect, and loss. Of 4,903 patients seen over 15 months, 1,315 (27%) both consented to research and had the measure of complexity completed. Childhood abuse or neglect was identified in 474 (36.0%) and significant childhood loss in 236 (17.9%). Correcting for multiple comparisons and controlling for psychiatric diagnosis, age, and sex, patients with childhood abuse or neglect were significantly more likely to also have 11 of 31 other indices of clinical complexity, with odds ratios ranging from 1.7 to 5.0. Both childhood abuse or neglect and childhood loss were associated with greater overall complexity (i.e., more indices of complexity, χ2 = 136 and 38 respectively, each p < .001). Childhood abuse and neglect (but not childhood loss) were significantly associated with psychological distress (Kessler Psychological Distress Scale [K10] score, F = 6.2, p = .01) and disability (World Health Organization Disability Assessment Scale 2.0 [WHODAS 2.0] score, F = 5.0, p = .03). Childhood abuse and neglect were associated with many characteristics that contribute to clinical complexity, and thus to suboptimal outcomes to standard, guideline-based care. Screening may alert psychiatrists to the need for intensive, patient-centered, and trauma-informed treatments. Identifying childhood adversity as a common antecedent of complexity may facilitate developing transdiagnostic programs that specifically target sources of complexity.

scholarly journals « Histoire d'une Fenêtre ». Le Corbusier y la construcción de la mirada

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo M. Meri de la Maza ◽  
Alfonso Díaz Segura ◽  
Bartolomé Serra Soriano
Keyword(s):  
Le Corbusier ◽  
Spatial Continuity ◽  
The Gaze ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
History Of ◽  
Chronological Sequence ◽  
Visual Impact ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Resumen: El artículo presenta un estudio de la relación de Le Corbusier con un mecanismo constructivo y de lenguaje arquitectónico fundamental en su obra como es la ventana. Durante ese recorrido se estudian diferentes aspectos que afectan a la definición de la ventana y su relación con la arquitectura que la contiene; en especial centrados en la idea de continuidad espacial y en la disolución conceptual y física de los límites del espacio. Para ello se cruzan enfoques que van desde lo puramente conceptual hasta las relaciones que se establecen entre las soluciones constructivas y sus repercusiones visuales sobre el objeto arquitectónico. Esta breve historia de la ventana en Le Corbusier está centrada en su obra doméstica a través de una secuencia cronológica que permite tener un panorama de la evolución de este elemento en su trayectoria. Podemos ver cómo se produce la transición desde la fenêtre en longueur hasta el pan de verre aménagé, pasando por numerosas aspiraciones, configuraciones y variaciones sobre el propio tema de la mirada y el mecanismo constructivo-visual que la define. Abstract: The article presents a study of the relationship of Le Corbusier with very a important constructive architectural mechanism in his work as the window is. During that route we study different issues affecting the definition of the window and its relationship to the architecture that contains it; in particular focusing on the idea of spatial continuity and the conceptual and physical dissolution of the limits of space. For that purpose we take different approaches ranging from the purely conceptual to the relationships established between the constructive solutions and their visual impact on the architectural object. This brief history of the Window at Le Corbusier is focused on his domestic work through a chronological sequence that allows an overview of the evolution of the element in his work. We can see how the transition occurs from the fenêtre en longueur to the pan de verre aménagé, through numerous aspirations, configurations and variations on the gaze theme and the constructive mechanism that defines it.  Palabras clave: Le Corbusier; Fenêtre; mecanismos constructivos; mirada; ventana. Keywords: Le Corbusier; Fenêtre; constructive mechanisms; gaze; window. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/LC2015.2015.638

Loss of parent in childhood and adult psychiatric disorder: A tentative overall model

1990 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 311-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tirril Harris ◽  
George W. Brown ◽  
Antonia Bifulco
Keyword(s):  
Population Sample ◽  
Cognitive Set ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Female Population ◽  
Premarital Pregnancy ◽  
Childhood Loss ◽  
The One ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Loss Of Parent ◽  
Loss Of Mother

AbstractTwo previous reports on a female population sample in Outer London, UK, had identified certain environmental experiences–such as lack of adequate replacement care after parental loss in childhood, premarital pregnancy, and low social class and poor emotional support in adulthood–as key factors intervening between childhood loss of parent and depression in adulthood. A third paper introduced a measure of the cognitive set of situational helplessness-mastery which was associated, on the one hand, with current depression and, on the other, with loss of mother in childhood. This article examines the relationship between these other factors and situational helplessness both in childhood and in adulthood. Most are highly associated with the cognitive set, but the relationship between childhood helplessness and loss of mother appears to be differentially mediated according to whether the loss was by death or separation. A series of multivariate statistical analyses aims to integrate all the findings so far reported on in this sample into a biographical model of the developmental pathways from childhood loss of mother to current depression.

Approach to the study of the Late Hallstatt and Early La Tène periods in eastern parts of Central Europe: results from comparative classification of ‘Knickwandschale’

Antiquity ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 65 (247) ◽  
pp. 368-375
Author(s):  
Jozef Bujna
Keyword(s):  
Central Europe ◽  
Cultural Development ◽  
Morphological Development ◽  
Critical Question ◽  
Final Development ◽  
Chronological Sequence ◽  
La Tène ◽  
La Tene ◽  
The Relationship

The chronological sequence of the latest phases of prehistory in Central Europe is a critical question, concerning the relationship between the Hallstatt and La Téne periods, and their regional variants. My aim in this article is to draw attention to one source of chronological evidence, the pronounced Late Hallstatt pottery form which is represented by the bowl with curved neck and sharply carinateded belly, the ‘Knickwandschale’. The genesis of this form may be looked for in cups of the Middle Hallstatt period (Hallstatt C2–D1), and its final development in the Early La Téne period (La Téne A–Bl). Its long tradition and morphological development, together with its extraordinarily broad geographical distribution, make it one of the leading types for relative chronological periodization of the Late Hallstatt and Early La Téne periods as well as for the synchronization of cultural development in central Europe (FIGURE 1).

Interstellar gas in the central region of the Galaxy

1967 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 239-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. J. Kerr
Keyword(s):  
Central Region ◽  
Galactic Plane ◽  
Neutral Hydrogen ◽  
Continuum Emission ◽  
Galactic Centre ◽  
Interstellar Gas ◽  
Hydrogen Recombination ◽  
The Galaxy ◽  
Centre Region ◽  
The Relationship

A review is given of information on the galactic-centre region obtained from recent observations of the 21-cm line from neutral hydrogen, the 18-cm group of OH lines, a hydrogen recombination line at 6 cm wavelength, and the continuum emission from ionized hydrogen.Both inward and outward motions are important in this region, in addition to rotation. Several types of observation indicate the presence of material in features inclined to the galactic plane. The relationship between the H and OH concentrations is not yet clear, but a rough picture of the central region can be proposed.

The relationship of the scleractinian corals to the rugose corals

Paleobiology ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 6 (02) ◽  
pp. 146-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
William A. Oliver
Keyword(s):  
Critical Points ◽  
Scleractinian Corals ◽  
Convincing Evidence ◽  
Early Triassic ◽  
Rugose Corals ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Biologic Factors

The Mesozoic-Cenozoic coral Order Scleractinia has been suggested to have originated or evolved (1) by direct descent from the Paleozoic Order Rugosa or (2) by the development of a skeleton in members of one of the anemone groups that probably have existed throughout Phanerozoic time. In spite of much work on the subject, advocates of the direct descent hypothesis have failed to find convincing evidence of this relationship. Critical points are:(1) Rugosan septal insertion is serial; Scleractinian insertion is cyclic; no intermediate stages have been demonstrated. Apparent intermediates are Scleractinia having bilateral cyclic insertion or teratological Rugosa.(2) There is convincing evidence that the skeletons of many Rugosa were calcitic and none are known to be or to have been aragonitic. In contrast, the skeletons of all living Scleractinia are aragonitic and there is evidence that fossil Scleractinia were aragonitic also. The mineralogic difference is almost certainly due to intrinsic biologic factors.(3) No early Triassic corals of either group are known. This fact is not compelling (by itself) but is important in connection with points 1 and 2, because, given direct descent, both changes took place during this only stage in the history of the two groups in which there are no known corals.

Choosing a Markov blanket

2020 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Parr
Keyword(s):  
Markov Blanket ◽  
Target Article ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract This commentary focuses upon the relationship between two themes in the target article: the ways in which a Markov blanket may be defined and the role of precision and salience in mediating the interactions between what is internal and external to a system. These each rest upon the different perspectives we might take while “choosing” a Markov blanket.

Tinkering with cognitive gadgets: Cultural evolutionary psychology meets active inference

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Benjamin Badcock ◽  
Axel Constant ◽  
Maxwell James Désormeau Ramstead
Keyword(s):  
Evolutionary Psychology ◽  
Research Program ◽  
Active Inference ◽  
Innovative Research ◽  
Cognitive Faculties ◽  
Cultural Evolutionary ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Cognitive Gadgets offers a new, convincing perspective on the origins of our distinctive cognitive faculties, coupled with a clear, innovative research program. Although we broadly endorse Heyes’ ideas, we raise some concerns about her characterisation of evolutionary psychology and the relationship between biology and culture, before discussing the potential fruits of examining cognitive gadgets through the lens of active inference.

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