Study of internal oscillations in a dynamic system through an external signal implemented in circadian rhythms

Through the analysis carried out on a dynamic model that is represented as a system of ordinary differential equations that describes the behavior of the circadian cycles; we will show and analyze in the next document what are the conditions that allow the synchronization of the circadian clock oscillator with the external modification oscillator. The implementation of this type of techniques in anatomical problems is highlighted, which are rare in the literature. The implementations will be carried out through different simulations using numerical techniques and the way in which we will determine the coupling conditions of an internal cycle of the system versus external cycles will be detailed. In the final development of this work, we will be able to see in the model without an external modification signal the existence of stable limit cycles and discover the moment in which the synchronization of the internal oscillator and the external modification signal occurs. These types of problems are common when making biological models that are described by a physical analysis.

Zircon (U-Th)/He Thermochronologic Constraints on the Long-Term Thermal Evolution of Southern New Mexico and Western Texas

Zircon (U-Th)/He (ZHe) dates are presented from eight samples (n=55) collected from three ranges including the Carrizo and Franklin Mountains in western Texas and the Cookes Range in southern New Mexico. ZHe dates from Proterozoic crystalline rocks range from 6 to 731 Ma in the Carrizo Mountains, 19 to 401 Ma in the Franklin Mountains, and 63 to 446 Ma in the Cookes Range, and there is a negative correlation with eU values. These locations have experienced a complex tectonic history involving multiple periods of uplift and reburial, and we use a combination of forward and inverse modeling approaches to constrain plausible thermal histories. Our final inverse models span hundreds of millions of years and multiple tectonic events and lead to the following conclusions: (1) Proterozoic exhumation occurred from 800 to 500 Ma, coinciding with the break-up of Rodinia; (2) elevated temperatures at approximately 100 Ma occurred during final development of the Bisbee basin and are a likely result of elevated heat flow in the upper crust during continental rifting; (3) a pulse of cooling associated with Laramide shortening is observed from 70 to 45 Ma in the Cooks Range and 80 to 50 Ma in the Franklin Mountains, whereas the Carrizo Mountains were largely unaffected by this event; and (4) final cooling to near-surface temperatures began 30–25 Ma at all three locations and was likely a result of Rio Grande rift extension. These data help to bridge the gap between higher and lower temperature isotopic systems to constrain complex thermal histories in tectonically mature regions.

A Child’s Imagination

Of the 180 witnesses called to testify before the 2004 Presidential Commission on Moon, Mars and Beyond, Bradbury would be the only writer. Chapter 39 documents his abiding contention that a struggle against the universe would replace warfare with a new movement away from Earthbound politics. He continued to avoid a pragmatic discussion, but the Commission chair noted that Bradbury’s words had reminded everyone that they were planning for the future of their own children. The chapter continues with his selection for a 2004 National Medal of Arts bestowed by President George W. Bush, the selection of Fahrenheit 451 for the nation’s Big Read program, and the final development of Bradbury’s unfinished Mexican novel as the screenplay for The Next in Line.

A historical database of key hydroclimatic variables in and across 6400 catchments around the world

<p>Availability of historical hydroclimatic data for different climate regions is necessary for hydrological change modeling and analysis. Nowadays, many global products are available that provide hydrological and meteorological datasets based on direct measurements, remote sensing observations, re-analysis outputs, and model simulations. However, differences in spatial and temporal resolutions, and inconsistencies seen between observed hydrological patterns and different model results and datasets makes it difficult to choose an appropriate combination of data products for hydrological studies. This study provides a new combined historical database of five key hydroclimatic variables at monthly and daily scales, obtained from different observational and re-analysis global datasets, including runoff (R; from GSIM), precipitation (P; from GPCC-V7 and ERA5), evapotranspiration (ET; from GLEAM 3.3 and ERA5), soil moisture (SM; from ESACCI-v04.5, GLEAM 3.3 and ERA5), and temperature (T; GHCN-CAMS, ERA5). The new database combines these variables for each of 6,400 catchments of different scales around the world. In order to select the catchments, the existing nearly 35,000 streamflow time series in the GSIM database was analyzed and 8,400 catchments were selected based on the criterion of having at least 25 years of monthly runoff data available from 1980 to 2010. After further quality controls on the accuracy of catchment polygons, and reported catchment areas and stream flows, and consistency of the range, average values, and variations of variables time series, the 6,400 catchments were selected for the final development of the new catchment-related database in this study. The other hydroclimatic variables, besides runoff, are also spatially aggregated for each individual catchment and corresponding catchment-average time series are produced from 1980 to 2019. The final database thus provides a collection of long-term multi-climate and multi-catchment time series of the five key hydroclimate variables, aggregated over each of the 6,400 hydrological catchments around the world. In choosing the data sources for each variable, first priority was given to direct observational datasets (available for all variables except for the ET), and further to re-analysis outputs that many researchers regard as being close to directly observed data. The database developed in this study can be used for different types of studies on hydrology, water resources, and their changes under shifting climate and land use conditions in different parts of the world. The standardized format of this database ensures easy applicability with possibility of expansion to include more and other types of data, e.g., on land use/cover types and their changes, and on other climatic, geomorphologic, and anthropogenic conditions.</p>

The Development of Rucaparib/Rubraca®: A Story of the Synergy Between Science and Serendipity

The poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor, Rubraca®, was given its first accelerated approval for BRCA-mutated ovarian cancer by the FDA at the end of 2016, and further approval by the FDA, EMA and NICE followed. Scientists at Newcastle University initiated the early stages, and several collaborations with scientists in academia and the pharmaceutical industry enabled its final development to the approval stage. Although originally considered as a chemo- or radiosensitiser, its current application is as a single agent exploiting tumour-specific defects in DNA repair. As well as involving intellectual and physical effort, there have been a series of fortuitous occurrences and coincidences of timing that ensured its success. This review describes the history of the relationship between science and serendipity that brought us to the current position.

A Methodology of Interactive Motion Facades Design through Parametric Strategies

Interactive facades are dynamic in the translation of space in architecture, especially in the aspects of aesthetics, sustainability, adaptation to the environment, and data relay through the medium of light, motion, and embedded technology. The design of interactive facades is complicated and it requires time and effort in the comprehension of the internal functions of the facade from the conceptual stage to occupancy. The existing process of modeling the experimental level of interactive facades through mock-up and prototype models demonstrate a fragmentary outline on which the final development of the interactive façade system is based on. This research aims to analyze the motion aspect of interactive facades design and simplify the conceptual and performance design process through parametric strategies using a multi-hybrid of parametric and simulation tools, such as Rhino Grasshopper, Ladybug, and Daysim, to create interactive facade designs that can verified in a virtual reality environment while generating performance outcomes that can be optimized in a holistic and improved efficient process.

A Methodological Approach for Implementing an Integrated Multimorbidity Care Model: Results from the Pre-Implementation Stage of Joint Action CHRODIS-PLUS

Patients with multimorbidity (defined as the co-occurrence of multiple chronic diseases) frequently experience fragmented care, which increases the risk of negative outcomes. A recently proposed Integrated Multimorbidity Care Model aims to overcome many issues related to fragmented care. In the context of Joint Action CHRODIS-PLUS, an implementation methodology was developed for the care model, which is being piloted in five sites. We aim to (1) explain the methodology used to implement the care model and (2) describe how the pilot sites have adapted and applied the proposed methodology. The model is being implemented in Spain (Andalusia and Aragon), Lithuania (Vilnius and Kaunas), and Italy (Rome). Local implementation working groups at each site adapted the model to local needs, goals, and resources using the same methodological steps: (1) Scope analysis; (2) situation analysis—“strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, threats” (SWOT) analysis; (3) development and improvement of implementation methodology; and (4) final development of an action plan. This common implementation strategy shows how care models can be adapted according to local and regional specificities. Analysis of the common key outcome indicators at the post-implementation phase will help to demonstrate the clinical effectiveness, as well as highlight any difficulties in adapting a common Integrated Multimorbidity Care Model in different countries and clinical settings.

Accidentally catching of the catfish Lophiosilurus alexandri (Steindachner, 1876) larvae in aquariums with different colors

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of different colors in development and survival of catfish Lophiosilurus alexandri larvae, as well as over the visual ability of the handler. Larvae were placed in 5 L-aquariums at a density of 7 larvae L-1 , and aquariums had different colors, and were: green and blue (light colors); brown and black (dark colors). The final development; survival, total and standard length, weight and biomass of the larvae were similar in all colored aquaria. The highest mortality occurred during the first days after hatching, declining over the period, when it is observed the larval development, indicating that care should be necessary in the first few days. During cleaning handling, the accidental catch of larvae was higher in black aquariums. In the first days of life, due to the fragility of the larvae, it is possible to verify that between the second and third day occur the greatest mortalities. The number of accidentally captured larvae was lower than the mortality, suggesting that the high mortality in early larval life is not influenced by the handler management. The catfish L. alexandri larvae should be cultivated in aquariums that allow a good contrast between the larvae and the background, to avoid accidental capture of larvae by the handler. It is suggested to avoid the use of dark and black aquariums.

Air Force Space Programs: Comparing Estimates to Final Development Budgets

Using descriptive statistics and confidence intervals, the authors investigate and determine how estimates for development budgets vary from the actual development budgets over time for Defense Department space programs.

Sustainable Urban Transport Development by Applying a Fuzzy-AHP Model: A Case Study from Mersin, Turkey

Sustainable development decisions generally require citizen participation in the decision process to avoid public resistance and objections in the long term. Because of the involvement of non-experts, the uncertainty of the decision is increased, and this must be considered in the decision-making process. This paper aims to introduce a sustainable urban transport development problem in which citizens are involved to allow them to express their preferences for improving certain elements of the public bus system. To mitigate the uncertainty of the non-expert evaluations, a fuzzy-analytic hierarchy process (AHP) model has been created and applied. Since the objective of the research is to provide a suitable framework for transport development tenders, only the criteria weights have to be determined; thus, an alternative level has not been applied. The model has been tested on the urban bus transport system of a large Turkish city: Mersin. Based on the application, citizen preference weights could be associated with certain elements of the supply quality; thus, government development source allocation decisions could be supported. The fuzzy-AHP model ensures that the final development implications will meet public demand for bus system improvement in the city.