Sonographic Diagnosis of Unilateral Synchronous Testicular Tumors

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 2
Author(s):  
Allison Forrest ◽  
Numbereye Numbere ◽  
Jerome Jean-Gilles ◽  
Thomas Frye ◽  
Vikram Dogra
Keyword(s):  
Testicular Cancer ◽  
Germ Cell ◽  
Germ Cell Tumors ◽  
Histological Type ◽  
Synchronous Tumors ◽  
Testicular Tumors ◽  
Sonographic Diagnosis ◽  
Histological Types ◽  
Common Cancer

Testicular cancer accounts for 1% of all male cancers yet is the most common cancer affecting men aged 15–44 years. Most testicular cancers are seminomas or non-seminomatous germ cell tumors. Rarely, multiple testicular cancers may occur simultaneously, most often of the same histological type. However, synchronous tumors of different histological types may occur, although rarely. In this case study, we present the sonographic features with histopathologic correlation in a case of unilateral synchronous testicular tumors of discordant histology.

scholarly journals Predictors of Venous Thromboembolism in Patients With Testicular Germ Cell Tumors: A Retrospective Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 107602962110247
Author(s):  
Hikmat Abdel-Razeq ◽  
Faris Tamimi ◽  
Rashid Abdel-Razeq ◽  
Samer Salah ◽  
Zaid Omari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Venous Thromboembolism ◽  
Germ Cell ◽  
Metastatic Disease ◽  
Germ Cell Tumors ◽  
Testicular Germ Cell Tumor ◽  
Tumor Burden ◽  
Testicular Tumors ◽  
Testicular Germ Cell ◽  
Node Positive ◽  
Age Range

Malignancy, including testicular tumors, significantly increases the risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE). In this study, we search for predictors that may help identify subgroups of patients at higher risk of VTE. Patients with confirmed diagnosis of testicular germ cell tumor and proven VTE were identified. Clinical and pathological features possibly associated with VTE were reviewed. A total of 322 patients, median age (range) 31 (18-76) years were identified. Tumors were mostly non-seminoma (n = 194, 60.2%), node-positive (n = 130, 40.4%) and 58 (18.0%) had metastatic disease at diagnosis. Venous thromboembolism were confirmed in 27 (8.4%) patients; however, rates were significantly higher ( P < 0.001) in patients with node-positive (18.5%), metastatic disease (22.4%), and those with high lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) (21.3%). Rates were also significantly higher among those who received multiple lines of chemotherapy (27.5%) compared to those who received one line (13.8%) or none (<1.0%), P < 0.001. Patients with testicular tumors and high tumor burden, including nodal involvement, high LDH or metastatic disease, and those treated with multiple lines of chemotherapy have significantly higher rates of VTE.

Secondary neoplasms following treatment of malignant germ cell tumors.

1993 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1703-1709 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Bokemeyer ◽  
H J Schmoll
Keyword(s):  
Testicular Cancer ◽  
Germ Cell ◽  
Cumulative Incidence ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Germ Cell Tumors ◽  
German Population ◽  
Secondary Neoplasms ◽  
Secondary Neoplasia ◽  
Malignant Germ Cell Tumors

PURPOSE The current study investigates the frequency and outcome of secondary malignancies in patients treated for testicular cancer at Hannover University Medical School between 1970 and 1990. PATIENTS AND METHODS One thousand twenty-five patients with a median follow-up duration of 61 months (range, 12 to 240) were included in the analysis. Follow-up was complete in 1,018 patients (99%). Histology was seminoma in 324 patients (38.7%) and nonseminomatous germ cell tumor in 624 patients (61.3%). At the time of median follow-up, 814 patients (79.9%) were alive. RESULTS Fourteen patients developed a secondary neoplasm (cumulative incidence, 1.38%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.75 to 2.30); 13 patients had solid tumors and one had secondary lymphoblastic leukemia with a t(4; 11) translocation including band 11q23. None of 224 patients on surveillance strategy (with or without retroperitoneal lymph node dissection [RPLND]) developed a second neoplasm, compared with four of 413 patients (0.97%; 95% CI, 0 to 1.9) after cisplatin-based chemotherapy (not significant) and nine of 332 patients (2.7%; 95% CI, 0.9 to 4.5) after radiotherapy (P = .02). The cumulative incidence of a secondary neoplasia of 1.76% (95% CI, 0.97 to 2.94) in patients treated by radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy was significantly higher compared with patients on surveillance protocols (P = .03). Chemotherapy containing standard-dose etoposide did not increase the risk of occurrence of secondary neoplasms. A significantly elevated relative risk of 7.53 (range, 3.4 to 14.3) compared with the male German population was only found for patients treated by radiotherapy. CONCLUSION Compared with patients who have other curable malignant tumors, an incidence of 1.38 of secondary neoplasms after a median follow-up duration of 61 months is low. The highest risk for secondary neoplasia after treatment of testicular cancer is associated with the use of radiotherapy. Following chemotherapy, no significantly elevated risk was observed. In conclusion, the benefits of curative treatment far outweigh the risk of secondary cancer in patients with malignant germ cell tumors.

Evidence for Altered Hypothalamic-Hypophyseal-Gonadal Axis in Untreated Patients with Testicular Germ-Cell Tumor

1989 ◽  
Vol 75 (5) ◽  
pp. 505-509
Author(s):  
Sergio Crispino ◽  
Gabriele Tancini ◽  
Sandro Barni ◽  
Paolo Lissoni
Keyword(s):  
Testicular Cancer ◽  
Germ Cell ◽  
Germ Cell Tumor ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Germ Cell Tumors ◽  
Testicular Germ Cell Tumor ◽  
Cell Tumor ◽  
Testicular Germ Cell Tumors ◽  
Testicular Germ Cell ◽  
Significant Difference

To investigate the function of the hypothalamic-hypophyseal-gonadal axis in testicular germ cell tumors, we evaluated gonadotropin responses to gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) in 12 untreated patients with testicular cancer (5 seminomas and 7 non-seminomas). GnRH was given i.v. at a dose of 100 μg as a bolus, and venous blood samples were collected at 0, 20, 60, and 120 min. As controls, 14 healthy males were studied. Basal levels of testosterone, estradiol and prolactin were also detected in each patient. Hormonal serum concentrations were measured by the radioimmunoassay. Mean basal testosterone, estradiol and prolactin levels were not significantly different from those of controls. Patients had a lower FSH and LH peak after GnRH than controls, without, however, any significant difference. As regards histology, nonseminoma patients lacked an FSH response to GnRH and had statistically lower mean peak levels than controls. Moreover, non-seminoma patients had statistically lower mean peak values of LH after GnRH than controls. These data show that patients with testicular germ cell tumor, and more particularly those with non-seminomas, have an altered function of the hypothalamic-hypophyseal-gonadal axis, which is already present prior to therapy. Further studies, particularly in stage I patients treated only with orchiectomy, should be performed to confirm and better define the Physiopathologic significance of the altered hypothalamic-hypophyseal-gonadal axis in testicular cancer and to clarify the alteration of fertility, which is frequently present before treatment.

Treatment outcome of patients with intermediate- and poor-prognosis metastatic testicular cancer in the 2000s: A multicenter experience in Japan.

2015 ◽  
Vol 33 (7_suppl) ◽  
pp. 397-397
Author(s):  
Takahiro Kojima ◽  
Koji Kawai ◽  
Kunihiko Tsuchiya ◽  
Takashige Abe ◽  
Nobuo Shinohara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Testicular Cancer ◽  
Germ Cell ◽  
Survival Data ◽  
Poor Prognosis ◽  
Lung Metastases ◽  
Germ Cell Tumors ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
University Hospitals ◽  
Third Line ◽  
Line Chemotherapy

397 Background: As a risk classification system of metastatic germ cell tumors, the International Germ Cell Consensus (IGCC) classification was proposed in 1997 and has received broad approval. We aimed to clarify the significance of the IGCC classification in the 2000s especially in intermediate and poor-prognosis patients in Japan. Methods: We analyzed 118 patients with intermediate- and poor-prognosis metastatic non-seminomatous germ cell testicular cancer treated at five university hospitals in Japan between 2000 and 2010. Data were collected on age, levels of serum AFP, HCG and LDH, lung metastases, spread to non-pulmonary visceral metastases (NPVM) and on treatment details (first, second and third-line chemotherapy and post-chemotherapy surgery) and survival data. Results: The median age at diagnosis was 31 years (range, 2-54 years). The median follow-up period of all patients was 57 months. Sixty-eight patients were classified as poor prognosis, having LDH elevation in 14 (21%), AFP in 13 (19%), HCG in 27 (40%), presence of NPVM in 44 (65%). As first line chemotherapy, 93 (79%) were treated by BEP (bleomycin, etoposide and cisplatin)-containing regimen. Of 118 patients, 75 (64%) received second-line chemotherapy, in which the most frequently used regimen was taxane-containing regimen, including TIP (paclitaxel, ifosfamide and cisplatin), TIN (paxlitaxel, ifosfamide and nedaplatin) and DIN (docetaxel, ifosfamide and nedaplatin). Third-line chemotherapy was carried out in 33 patients (28%). Eighty-nine patients (75%) underwent post-chemotherapy surgery. The 5-year overall survivals for intermediate (n=50) and poor (n=68) prognosis was 89% and 83% (P=0.23), respectively. In poor prognosis patients, patients with more than 2 poor-prognostic factors had significantly worse survival than those with only one prognostic factor (72% vs 91%, P=0.01). Conclusions: There was a trend of increase in survival for any risk groups and, in particular, large increase in survival for patients with a poor prognosis. Further classification of poor-prognosis patients into two subgroups has a potential to identify a patient group with very poor-prognosis.

Excellent outcomes in bilateral testicular germ cell tumors over four decades.

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (7_suppl) ◽  
pp. 523-523
Author(s):  
Ning-Ning Lu ◽  
Aaron Richard Hansen ◽  
Philippe L. Bedard ◽  
Padraig Richard Warde ◽  
Joan Sweet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Testicular Cancer ◽  
Germ Cell ◽  
Germ Cell Tumors ◽  
Patient Characteristics ◽  
Stage I ◽  
Second Primary ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Testicular Germ Cell ◽  
Prior Therapy

523 Background: Bilateral testicular germ cell tumours (BTC) form a small minority of testicular cancer and detailed management data are sparse. Methods: Bilateral testicular cancer (BTC) patients managed at a single cancer centre were retrospectively analyzed. Synchronous BTC was defined as uni+contralateral presentation within 3 months. Patient characteristics, treatment and outcomes were collected. Kaplan-Meier method was used to calculate the overall survival (OS) and relapse-free survival (RFS). Results: Between Jan 1971 to Jun 2018, 118 pts were included. Nine patients (7.6%) had cryptorchidism. Twenty-two patients (18.6%) had synchronous BTC at median age of 30(21-54) years, 11 presented with concordant histology (10-seminoma). Median follow-up time was 96(1-220) months. Two of 14 patients (14%) with stage I disease on surveillance had retroperitoneal nodal recurrence, other 3 (21%) had testicular recurrence after partial orchiectomy alone. No recurrence occurred for 8 stage II/III patients (36%) who received stage-appropriate treatment. All patients were alive without disease at last follow-up. For metachronous BTC, the median age was 27(16-68) and 37(19-78) years for first and second diagnosis, respectively. The median time interval was 88 (8-352) months, with shorter interval when second primary was non-seminoma, median 69 vs. 92 months. Concordant histology was present in 58 (38-seminoma) patients and discordant in 38 patients. There were 66, 23, 7 and 84, 9, 3 patients with stage I, II, III disease for first and second testicular cancer (TC), respectively. For all stage I disease, 69% of non-seminoma (n = 33) and 79% of seminoma (n = 81) were on surveillance, of whom the crude relapse rate was 15%. The median follow-up time after second diagnosis was 87 months. In all, 35 patients (30%) with recurrence except 1 were successfully salvaged. The 10-year OS and RFS for whole cohort was 99% and 69.8%, respectively. Conclusions: In our series, seminoma was the more common pathology, and management based on pathology and stage yielded excellent outcomes regardless of prior therapy. Metachronous BTC may occur at extremely long time intervals such that longer follow-up is needed to capture the majority of contralateral primary TC.

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