Using live animal ultrasound measures of ribeye area and fat thickness in yearling Hereford bulls.

1990 ◽  
Vol 68 (11) ◽  
pp. 3502 ◽  
Author(s):  
J W Turner ◽  
L S Pelton ◽  
H R Cross
Keyword(s):  
Live Animal ◽  
Ribeye Area ◽  
Fat Thickness

PSIII-8 Sire breed differences for carcass attributes in feedlot steers using ultrasound technology

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 291-291
Author(s):  
Harley Buie ◽  
Noah P Jesko
Keyword(s):  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Marbling Score ◽  
Live Animal ◽  
Feedlot Steers ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Ultrasound Measurements ◽  
Ribeye Area ◽  
Ultrasound Technology ◽  
Fat Thickness ◽  
Sire Breed

Abstract Live animal ultrasound measurements were taken on thirty-two feedlot steers and heifers for estimation of carcass endpoints including 12th rib fat thickness (FTU), ribeye area (REAU) and intramuscular fat (%FatU). Ultrasound measurements were collected by an inexperienced technician using an Aloka 500 ultrasound unit using Beef Image Analysis (BIA) software. The objective of the study was to evaluate carcass differences of four sire breed types including Angus (n = 11), Ultrablack (n = 6), Nelore (n = 6), Braunvieh (n = 1) and Angus X Nelore X Braunvieh hybrid (n = 8). Carcass data collected at harvest included 12th rib fat Thickness (FTC), Ribeye area (REAC), marbling score (MS), Yield Grade (YG), and Quality Grade (QG). The data were analyzed using SAS to determine breed effects. Means for FTU, FTC, REAU, REAC, %FatU and MS were 0.59 cm, 0.57 cm, 90.80 cm2, 83.53 cm2, 4.83%, and 483.75, respectively. There was no significant difference (P > 0.05) in YG and FT due to breed of sire. However, there was a trend for sire breed for ribeye area (P = 0.0728) for Angus X Nelore X Braunvieh cross and MS (P = 0.0786) for Ultrablack. Pearson correlation values between FTU and FTC, REAU and REAC, and %FatU and MS were 0.1217 (P = 0.05068), 0.3545 (P = .0465) and 0.5161 (P = 0.0025), respectively. These data suggest little differences existed in carcass attributes between various sire breeds out of a set of crossbred commercial cows.

Ultrasonography as a predicting tool for carcass traits of young Nellore crossbred bulls in a feedlot system

2003 ◽  
Vol 2003 ◽  
pp. 142-142
Author(s):  
L. Suguisawa* ◽  
H. N. Oliveira ◽  
W. R. S. Mattos ◽  
A. A. Souza ◽  
M. D. B. Arrigoni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Carcass Traits ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Longissimus Dorsi ◽  
Live Animal ◽  
Ribeye Area ◽  
Ultrasound Technology ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat Thickness ◽  
Fat Thickness ◽  
Real Time Ultrasonography

Ultrasound technology provides a oportunity to quickly and economically estimate carcass atributes on the live animal (Brethour, 2000). In general, this technology has been used to detect variation for fat depth and ribeye area (longissimus dorsi muscle) in performance tested yearling bulls at several countries. In the present study, real time ultrasonography was used to predict the ribeye area (RA) and the subcutaneous fat thickness (FT) in Nellore crossbred.

274 Comparison of Two Ultrasound Systems for Estimation of Carcass Attributes in Feedlot Steers

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 142-143
Author(s):  
Noah P Jesko ◽  
Thomas L Perkins ◽  
Ty E Lawrence ◽  
John Richeson ◽  
Charles Looney
Keyword(s):  
Ultrasound Images ◽  
Marbling Score ◽  
The West ◽  
Live Animal ◽  
West Texas ◽  
Feedlot Steers ◽  
A Value ◽  
Animal Data ◽  
Ribeye Area ◽  
Highly Correlated

Abstract Sixty-eight (68) crossbred steers were evaluated using two real-time, B-mode ultrasound units to estimate final carcass attributes. The cattle were ultrasounded at the West Texas A&M research feedlot (Canyon, Texas) and carcass data was collected at the West Texas A&M Meats Laboratory (Canyon, Texas) or Tyson Fresh Meats (Amarillo, Texas). Objectives of the study were 1) to compare ultrasound live animal data to carcass attributes at harvest 2) to evaluate the performance differences between the ALOKA 500 (ALK) and the EVO ultrasound units All ultrasound images were captured by the same Ultrasound Guidelines Council (UGC) certified technician with images being processed at the UltraInsights Laboratory (Pierce, Colorado). The correlations between 12th rib fat thickness of the carcass (FTC) and ultrasound (FTU) were 0.84 for the ALK and 0.85 for the EVO, with no differences being found between the two units (P = 0.15). Correlations between the 12-13th rib carcass ribeye area (REAC) and ultrasound ribeye area (REAU) were 0.69 for the ALK and 0.66 for the EVO. There was no difference in REAU size between the two units. Carcass marbling score (MS) and ultrasound intramuscular fat (IMFU) correlations were 0.78 for the ALK and 0.84 for the EVO. The IMF data were found to be different between the two units, with the EVO measuring a mean IMFU value of 6.03 and the ALK a value of 5.26 with the change of 0.77 being different (P < 0.01). It is concluded that both ultrasound units performed favorably when predicting FTC and marbling score but were not highly correlated for REAU. It was found that the predictions between the two units on FT and REA were the same, though the EVO was higher on both. The IMFU values between the ALK and EVO were different, with the EVO again predicting higher values.

Carcass composition of lambs including a method of assessment using tritiated water in vivo

1978 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 293-299
Author(s):  
D. A. R. Davies ◽  
J. B. Owen ◽  
A. Cuthbertson ◽  
J. L. Read
Keyword(s):  
Tritiated Water ◽  
Performance Testing ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Live Animal ◽  
Body Component ◽  
Fat Thickness ◽  
Method Of Assessment

AbstractTwenty-four Suffolk cross lambs, the progeny of three sires, were reared artificially under standardized conditions and slaughtered at 40 kg live weight.The tritiated water technique as a means of estimating carcass composition in vivo was evaluated and carcass composition was established using both physical dissection and chemical analysis. Live-weight gain of the lambs from weaning was 389 g/day but the carcasses were lean. Dissected fat, lean and bone percentages were 20·5, 58·4 and 18·9 respectively. Differences between progeny groups were non-significant.Fat percentage was the most variable body component, although lower than in many other reported studies. The CV for dissected fat was 15·2% and for chemically analysed fat 15·9%. The correlation between estimates for the two methods was high (r = 0·90) despite there being quantities of other constituents in the dissected fat. It was not possible to demonstrate any relationship between reciprocal of tritiated water count and fat percentage or any other measurement of the composition of the whole carcass. Other measurements made on the live animal, such as fasted live weight and ultrasonic determinations of fat thickness and area of m. longissimus dor si were also not related to carcass composition.It is concluded that neither tritiated water count nor any of the other measurements of the live animal would be sufficiently accurate to be of value in performance testing.

Contributions of preweaning growth information and maternal effects for prediction of carcass trait breeding values among crossbred beef cattle

1999 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. H. Crews Jr. ◽  
R. A. Kemp
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Maternal Effects ◽  
Carcass Traits ◽  
Carcass Trait ◽  
Genetic Effects ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Ribeye Area ◽  
Fat Thickness ◽  
Daily Gain

Preweaning and carcass trait records from crossbred steers (n = 1015) and heifers (n = 957) were used to estimate genetic parameters and to investigate the efficacy of maternal effects and preweaning growth information for improving estimation of EBV for carcass traits for crossbred beef cattle. Dams (n = 775) representing three F1 and twelve back-cross combinations involving the Charolais, Hereford, Angus, Simmental and Shorthorn breeds were mated over six years to Limousin bulls (n = 36) at two locations in western Canada. Four animal models, involving from zero to three maternal (co)variances were used to analyze four carcass traits. Rank and simple correlations indicated that maternal effects were relatively unimportant for estimation of direct carcass trait breeding values. Direct heritabilities were 0.28, 0.12 and 0.16 for birth weight, preweaning daily gain and weaning weight, and were 0.20, 0.35, 0.50 and 0.38 for hot carcass weight, fat thickness, ribeye area and percent lean yield, respectively. Maternal heritabilities were 0.21, 0.22 and 0.40 for birth weight, preweaning daily gain and weaning weight, respectively. Estimated genetic correlations between percent lean yield and hot carcass weight, fat thickness and ribeye area were –0.05, –0.85 and 0.39, respectively, and 0.30 between hot carcass weight and ribeye area. Direct genetic effects for birth weight had moderate (0.51 to 0.54) correlations with direct effects for carcass weight, ribeye area and percent lean yield. Direct genetic effects for fat thickness were negatively correlated with direct effects for birth weight (−0.44), preweaning daily gain (−0.15) and weaning weight (−0.25). Maternal genetic effects for preweaning traits had near-zero correlations with direct genetic effects for fat thickness and percent lean yield. Adding preweaning growth information to genetic evaluations for carcass traits slightly decreased prediction error variances for breeding values and would be recommended when information on carcass traits is limited. Key words: Genetic evaluation, carcass traits, beef cattle

The relationship between ultrasonic point readings in live cattle and carcass fat cover

1984 ◽  
Vol 103 (3) ◽  
pp. 651-657 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. D. Greathead ◽  
D. J. Barker
Keyword(s):  
Single Point ◽  
Longissimus Dorsi ◽  
Anatomical Location ◽  
Skin Thickness ◽  
Live Animal ◽  
Skin Fold Thickness ◽  
Skin Fold ◽  
Fat Thickness ◽  
Constant Distance ◽  
The Relationship

SummaryFour inexperienced operators used a Smith's Essem Metatest ultrasonic grader and a Philips Sonatest instrument to estimate the thickness of tissue overlying the M. longissimus dorsi at three sites over the tenth intercostal space of live steers. They also measured skin fold thickness over the central site using a micrometer. Suprafascial (selvedge) and total carcass fat were measured at corresponding sites on the chilled carcasses.The residual standard deviations from multiple and simple regressions of suprafascial and total carcass fat thickness on the ultrasonic readings of different operators, using both instruments over the three sites with and without a measurement of skin thickness were compared.The following conclusions were drawn. Use of a constant distance from the midline of the live animal to locate the site for ultrasonic point measurement would lead to errors in estimating fat thickness at a specific anatomical location. If the edge of the M. 1. dorsi is palpated to locate the measurement site, estimates of carcass fat thickness with a residual standard deviation of 2·5 mm are possible by relatively inexperienced operators using single point reading ultrasonic instruments. Fat deposition between the fascial sheath and the underlying M. 1. dorsi is a source of inaccuracy when estimating carcass fat cover particularly at sites closer to the midline and on fatter animals.Using the Metatest instrument, fat cover could bo estimated in the live animal with an accuracy similar to that reported by other workers using the Scanogram. Using the Sonatest instrument the estimates were generally slightly less accurate especially at the most lateral site. Inclusion of a measurement of skin thickness gave a very slight but consistent improvement in accuracy of estimation of carcass fat cover.

THE USE OF UREA DILUTION AND ULTRASONIC BACKFAT THICKNESS TO PREDICT THE CARCASS COMPOSITION OF LIVE LAMBS AND CATTLE

1982 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 371-379 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. D. M. JONES ◽  
J. S. WALTON ◽  
J. W. WILTON ◽  
J. E. SZKOTNICKI
Keyword(s):  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
Multiple Regression Equation ◽  
Lean Tissue ◽  
Live Animal ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat Thickness ◽  
Fat Thickness ◽  
Total Fat ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Lean Weight

Thirty-eight lambs (22 rams, 16 ewes), 25 Holstein cows and 30 steers were evaluated ultrasonically for subcutaneous fat thickness. Urea space was also estimated, using the dilution principle, by a single injection of a known amount of urea and taking a single blood sample 12 min later. All lambs and cattle were slaughtered within 2 days and the half-carcasses were separated into fat, lean and bone. Urea space (R2 = 0.10) and fat thickness (R2 = 0.18) in lambs were poorly related to the weight of half-carcass lean tissue. Neither urea space nor fat thickness improved the level of explained variation in half-carcass lean tissue weight over that explained by liveweight alone (R2 = 0.73). Urea space showed a larger association with half carcass lean weight in cows (R2 = 0.55) than in steers (R2 = 0.14), but again did not improve the relationship provided by liveweight alone (R2 = 0.60). Fat thickness provided nonsignificant regressions (P < 0.05) with half-carcass lean weight both in cows and in steers. Liveweight was the dominant independent variable (R2 = 0.33) for predicting total fat in lamb half-carcasses; urea space (R2 = 0.08) and fat thickness (R2 = 0.13) did not improve the prediction given by liveweight alone. Fat thickness was poorly related to total fatness both in steers (R2 = 0.12) and in cows (nonsignificant regression). A multiple regression equation combining fat thickness and liveweight provided the best prediction of half-carcass fat in cows, whereas a similar equation with the addition of urea space gave the best prediction of half-carcass fat in steers. The measurement of urea space and fat thickness to predict the weight of carcass tissues (lean, fat) in live lambs and cattle over the weight (41.9 + 9.7 kg(SD) lambs, 624 ± 62.8 kg cows and 466 ± 63.2 kg steers) and fatness (19.9 ± 3.27% (SD) lambs, 21.9 ± 2.18% cows and 20.9 ± 3.98% steers) ranges studied was of limited value. Key words: Urea dilution, ultrasound, live animal evaluation, carcass composition

scholarly journals 40 Effect of calving season in an artificial insemination program on finishing performance and carcass traits

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 60-60
Author(s):  
Taylor J Garcia ◽  
Colton A Robison ◽  
Paul A Beck ◽  
Ryan R Reuter ◽  
Blake K Wilson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tallgrass Prairie ◽  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Carcass Traits ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Marbling Score ◽  
Weight Yield ◽  
Ribeye Area ◽  
Wheat Pasture ◽  
Fat Thickness ◽  
Calving Season

Abstract Spring (SPRING) and fall (FALL) born steers (n = 211) were used in a mixed effects model to evaluate calving season and conception method [artificial insemination (AI) or natural service (NS)] on finishing performance and carcass traits. SPRING were weaned in October, grazed dormant range for 90 days and grazed wheat pasture for 90 days before shipping to finish. FALL were weaned in May, and grazed tallgrass prairie for 120 days before shipping to finish. Initial and final BW, days on feed, ADG, DMI, and gain to feed efficiency were evaluated as performance measures. Dry matter intake and gain:feed were analyzed on pen basis. Hot carcass weight, yield grade, fat thickness, ribeye area, and marbling score were collected at harvest. Bodyweight of SPRING and AI steers were heavier (P ≤ 0.05) entering and leaving the feedlot than FALL and NS steers, respectively. Compared to FALL steers, ADG (P &lt; 0.01) and DMI (P = 0.03) were greater for SPRING and required less days on feed (P ≤ 0.05). Calving season and conception method (P ≥ 0.2) did not affect gain:feed. Conception method (P = 0.5) did not affect ADG, DMI, and days on feed. SPRING had higher yield grades (P &lt; 0.01) and increased in fat thickness (P = 0.01) compared to FALL steers. There were no differences (P = 0.2) in hot carcass weight, ribeye area, and marbling score due to season of birth. Steers born from AI mating had greater hot carcass weight (P = 0.01) and marbling score (P = 0.02), but conception method did not affect yield grade, fat thickness, and ribeye area (P &gt; 0.2). These results demonstrate SPRING steers are heavier entering and leaving the feedlot, have higher ADG and DMI, and require less days on feed; however, gain:feed, hot carcass weight, ribeye area, and marbling score did not differ from FALL steers. An economic analysis is needed to validate an AI program based on calving season in north-central Oklahoma.

In vivo estimation of carcass meat by ultrasound in ram lambs slaughtered at an average live weight of 37 kg

1986 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 469-475 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Fortin ◽  
J. N. B. Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Live Weight ◽  
Live Animal ◽  
Depth Measurement ◽  
Ultrasonic Measurements ◽  
Fat Thickness ◽  
Ram Lambs ◽  
Standard Deviations ◽  
Scanning Range ◽  
Thickness Measurements

ABSTRACTUltrasonic measurements of fat thickness and m. longissimus depth 25 and 50 mm lateral to the mid line at the last rib and 100 mm caudally to the last rib were made, before slaughter, on 273 ram lambs using two probes: the Scanogram and Krautkramer. The lambs were from three strains: a meat-type sire strain and two fecund dam strains. They weighed on average 37·3 kg at scanning, (range 29·0 to 51·3 kg), well within the weight range over which Canada Al-grade lambs are marketed in Canada. Their carcasses contained on average 437 g trimmed boneless meat per kg (s.d. pooled within strain = 24·1 g/kg).The precision with which the ultrasonic measurements combined with live weight at scanning predicted trimmed boneless meat (weight and proportion) was examined. Fat thickness measurements had no predictive value (P > 0·05). The residual standard deviations for the prediction of trimmed boneless meat in the half carcass (weight and proportion) from weight at scanning were 0·29 kg and 21·5 kg, respectively; the addition of the m. longissimus depth measurement reduced the residual standard deviations by 0·02 kg and 1·1 g/kg, respectively. The weight of trimmed boneless meat was predicted with more precision than the proportion of trimmed boneless meat. Strain, location of measurement site or type of instrument did not change the precision of prediction.It is concluded that prediction of trimmed boneless meat in young ram lambs based on live animal ultrasonic measurements made with the Scanogram or Krautkramer lacks the level of precision necessary for practical application.

scholarly journals Correlation of ultrasonic measured ribeye area and fat thickness to the certain traits measured on slaughtered bulls (Short Communication)

2009 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Török ◽  
J. P. Polgár ◽  
G. Kocsi ◽  
V. Farkas ◽  
F. Szabó
Keyword(s):  
Short Communication ◽  
Test Accuracy ◽  
Ultrasonic Equipment ◽  
Accuracy Of Measurements ◽  
Ribeye Area ◽  
Fat Thickness ◽  
Fat Score

Abstract. The aim of this study was to test accuracy of measurements done by Falco 100 (Pie Medical) ultrasonic equipment. 10 Angus, 10 Hungarian Simmental, 10 Limousin and 10 Charolais fattening bulls were measured at the feedlot just before slaughtering. Fat thickness at the rump (P8) and ribeye area (REA) were realized from each animal. After slaughtering, the data of slaughter and carcass weights were collected and carcasses were judged on the base of EUROP system. The database was examined by SPSS 9.0 for Windows. Average liveweight of Angus was 645 ± 41.5 kg, of Hungarian Simmental was 676 ± 41.8 kg, of Limousin was 655 ± 50.8 kg and of Charolais was 694 ± 42.3 kg at the measurement. REA measured with ultrasound was 102.9 ± 8.9 cm2, 102.7 ± 10.4 cm2, 111.2 ± 9.6 cm2 and 106.4 ± 9.5 cm2, respectively. P8 was 1.05 ± 0.28 cm, 0.62 ± 0.13 cm, 0.62 ± 0.09 and 0.61 ± 0.18 cm, respectively. Correlation between ultrasonic and carcass REA in case of mentioned breeds was 0.74, 0.74, 0.94 and 0.80. Correlation between P8 and EUROP fat score was 0.51, 0.73, 0.56 and 0.28, respectively. Overall correlation between ultrasonic and carcass REA was 0.83 (P≤0.01), and between P8 and EUROP fat score was 0.69 (P≤0.01).

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