Different periods of feed restriction before compensatory growth in Belgian Blue bulls: I. animal performance, nitrogen balance, meat characteristics, and fat composition.

Nitrogen balance and myofibrillar protein breakdown were studied in 16 double-muscled Belgian Blue bulls during a low growth period (0.5 kg d−1) (LGP) of 4 mo (L4), 8 mo (L8), or 14 mo (L14) and the subsequent fattening period (rapid growth period, RGP). The control group (CG) was given a conventional fattening diet; the others received a low-energy, low-protein diet during LGP, and the same diet as the CG during RGP. Measurements were made halfway through the LGP, l mo after the beginning of the fattening period, and 1 mo before slaughter. Nitrogen balance was about half of CG (P < 0.001) during LGP, e.g., 50.8, 21.3, 25.8, and 23.8 g d−1, for CG, L4, L8, and L14, respectively. Between LGP and RGP, N balance increased by about 18 g N d−1 above the control in the compensating groups L4, L8 and L14. This was due to the higher digestibility and the higher metabolizability of the nitrogen in the fattening diet. Lower muscle protein accretion during the LGP resulted from decreased synthesis (P < 0.001) and degradation (P < 0.05) compared with the GC. When changing to RGP different evolution patterns were observed in the three formerly restricted groups, e.g. after a short restriction (L4) both synthesis and degradation rose during the RGP but declined towards the end. After a longer restriction (L8 and L14), synthesis and degradation increased and remained high. The magnitude of these increases was inversely proportional to the length of the restriction period. Key words: Belgian Blue bulls, compensatory growth, nitrogen balance, muscle, muscle protein breakdown

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The Effect of Quantitative Feed Restriction During the Starter Period on Compensatory Growth and Carcass Characteristics of Broiler Chickens

Pakistan Journal of Nutrition ◽

10.3923/pjn.2012.1049.1054 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 11 (11) ◽

pp. 1049-1054

Author(s):

Mohammad A.R. Jalal ◽

Hana A. Zakaria

Keyword(s):

Broiler Chickens ◽

Compensatory Growth ◽

Carcass Characteristics ◽

Feed Restriction

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Effect Of L-Thyroxin Hormone (T4) On Compensatory Growth In Broiler Chicks

Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science ◽

10.1017/s1752756200007407 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 2002 ◽

pp. 84-84

Author(s):

A. Hassanabadi ◽

A. golian

Keyword(s):

Feed Efficiency ◽

Broiler Chickens ◽

Compensatory Growth ◽

Specific Dynamic Action ◽

Abdominal Fat ◽

Feed Restriction ◽

Broiler Chicks ◽

Fat Pad ◽

Heat Increment ◽

Maintenance Requirements

Purpose of researches in feed restriction area is improvement of feed efficiency, decrease of carcass fat content and abdominal fat pad size (Plavnik and Hurvitz,1991).Birds after early life feed restriction have less maintenance requirements due to decrease of heat increment and decrease of basal metabolic rate and specific dynamic action of food (Forsum et al.,1981).In many investigations, compensatory growth have not observed (Summers et al.,1990).It seems administration of Thyroid hormone after feed restriction can induce compensatory growth. The objective of the present study was to investigate the effect of early feed restriction and L-Thyroxin administration after early feed restriction on compensatory growth in broiler chickens.

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Effect of feed restriction on compensatory growth of Arsi (Bos indicus) bulls

Animal Feed Science and Technology ◽

10.1016/s0377-8401(02)00214-6 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 103 (1-4) ◽

pp. 29-39 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Nega Tolla ◽

Tadele Mirkena ◽

Asfaw Yimegnuhal

Keyword(s):

Compensatory Growth ◽

Bos Indicus ◽

Feed Restriction

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Effects of a period of severely restricted feed intake and growth on subsequent appetite, growth and nitrogen balance of friesian steers

Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Production (1972) ◽

10.1017/s0308229600034887 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 1987 ◽

pp. 52-52

Author(s):

P.E.V. Williams ◽

A. Macdearmid

Keyword(s):

Body Composition ◽

Beef Cattle ◽

Nitrogen Balance ◽

Muscle Growth ◽

Live Weight ◽

Major Effect ◽

Retail Trade ◽

Feed Restriction ◽

Human Consumption ◽

Restricted Feed Intake

It is generally accepted that although both plane of nutrition and chemical composition of the diet can have a major effect on body composition when comparisons are made between animals of the same age, these differences are substantially reduced when comparisons are made at the same body weight (Black 1974). There is considerable emphasis being placed on the production of lean meat for human consumption, while at the same time the retail trade is pressing for heavier carcass weights. These two requirements appear incompatible given the fact that the proportion of fat in weight gain increases as the live weight of the animal increases. We suggested (Williams and Macdearmid 1985) that compensatory growth may be used as a method of controlling body composition in beef cattle since the initial phase of compensation may be characterised by rapidly increased muscle growth combined with a reduction in the initial rate of fat deposition. Reports in the literature indicate that animals compensating after a period of feed restriction tend to have a greater appetite than animals of the same weight but grown continuously. The present experiment was designed : o compare and measure appetite and nitrogen balance in beef cattle which were fed continuously or allowed to realimentate after a period of feed restriction.

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Intake, digestibility in vivo and nitrogen balance in sheep of pea-wheat bi-crop silages harvested at three stages of maturity

Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science ◽

10.1017/s1752756200002350 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 1999 ◽

pp. 80-80 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

A.T. Adesogan ◽

M.B. Salawu ◽

M.D. Fraser ◽

S.T. Evans ◽

R. Fychan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nitrogen Fixation ◽

Nitrogen Balance ◽

Low Cost ◽

N Balance ◽

Animal Performance ◽

Fertilizer Nitrogen ◽

Three Stages ◽

The Cost

The production and utilization of complementary cereal/legume bi-crops as ruminant feeds is beneficial for several reasons. The nitrogen fixation by the legume reduces the amount of fertilizer nitrogen required by the cereal. The cereal in turn supports the legume, thereby preventing the lodging that typifies pure stands of mature forage peas. When bi-crops are fed, the legume and cereal components respectively provide relatively low cost protein and energy, which may be synchronously supplied to the animal. In Denmark, pea-barley bi-crops are reported to reduce the cost of feeding without reducing intake and animal performance (Kristensen, 1992). However, little is known about the intake potential and level of animal performance sustainable from such bi-crops when produced and fed under UK conditions. Therefore this study determined the intake, in vivo digestibility and nitrogen (N) balance in sheep of spring sown, peawheat bi-crop silages harvested at three stages of maturity.

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Effect of feed restriction and subsequent re-alimentation on hormones and genes of the somatotropic axis in cattle

Physiological Genomics ◽

10.1152/physiolgenomics.00134.2014 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 47 (7) ◽

pp. 264-273 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Kate Keogh ◽

Sinéad M. Waters ◽

Alan K. Kelly ◽

Alastair R. G. Wylie ◽

David A. Kenny

Keyword(s):

Growth Hormone ◽

Compensatory Growth ◽

Hepatic Tissue ◽

Feed Restriction ◽

Lower Growth ◽

Somatotropic Axis ◽

Hepatic Expression ◽

Period 2 ◽

Lower Growth Rate ◽

Ad Libitum

The objective of this study was to characterize the effect of feed restriction and compensatory growth during re-alimentation on the functionality of the somatotropic axis. We blocked 60 bulls into one of two groups: 1) restricted feed allowance for 125 days ( period 1) (RES, n = 30) followed by ad libitum feeding for 55 days ( period 2) or 2) ad libitum access to feed throughout (ADLIB, n = 30). A growth hormone releasing hormone (GHRH) challenge was performed during each period. At the end of each period, 15 animals from each treatment were slaughtered and hepatic tissue collected. Hepatic expression of 13 genes of the somatotropic axis was measured by qRT-PCR. RES displayed a lower growth rate during period 1 (0.6 vs. 1.9 kg/day; P < 0.001), subsequently gaining more than ADLIB animals during period 2 (2.5 vs. 1.4 kg/day; P < 0.001). Growth hormone response to GHRH was not different between treatments at either time-point ( P > 0.05); however, resultant plasma IGF-1 was lower in period 1 and greater in period 2 in RES animals ( P < 0.05). Expression of IGFBP2 was higher ( P < 0.01) and IGF1 ( P < 0.001) and GHRIA ( P < 0.05) lower in RES compared with ADLIB during period 1, with no difference evident in period 2 ( P > 0.05). Collectively, the results of this study are consistent with uncoupling of the somatotropic axis following feed restriction. However, there is no evidence from this study that the somatotropic axis per se is a significant contributor to compensatory growth.

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