Relation of Uterine Involution and Postpartum Interval to Reproductive Efficiency in Beef Cattle

1963 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 313-315 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. L. Perkins ◽  
H. E. Kidder
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Reproductive Efficiency ◽  
Uterine Involution

Cooled semen for fixed-time artificial insemination in beef cattle

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (7) ◽  
pp. 1004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliana C. Borges-Silva ◽  
Márcio R. Silva ◽  
Daniel B. Marinho ◽  
Eriklis Nogueira ◽  
Deiler C. Sampaio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Sperm Motility ◽  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Egg Yolk ◽  
Fixed Time ◽  
Pregnancy Rates ◽  
Reproductive Efficiency ◽  
Sperm Abnormalities ◽  
Hypoosmotic Swelling Test ◽  
Interesting Approach

This study evaluated the use of cooled semen in a fixed-time artificial insemination (FTAI) program compared with frozen–thawed semen to improve pregnancy rates in beef cattle. Ejaculates of three bulls were collected and divided into two treatments: (1) frozen–thawed semen and (2) cooled semen. Egg-yolk extender without glycerol was used for the cooled semen treatment. Straws (25 × 106 spermatozoa) were submitted to cooling for preservation at 5°C for 24 h, after which FTAI was performed. Nelore cows (n = 838) submitted to FTAI were randomly inseminated using frozen–thawed semen or cooled semen. There was a 20% increase in the pregnancy per AI (P AI–1) using cooled semen compared with frozen–thawed semen (59.9 ± 4.7 vs 49.4 ± 5.0%; P < 0.005). There was no difference in P AI–1 among the bulls (P = 0.40). The frozen–thawed semen had fewer functional spermatozoa than did the cooled semen when evaluated by sperm motility (61.7 vs 81.0%), slow thermoresistance test (41.7 vs 66.7%) and hypoosmotic swelling test (38.3 vs 53.7%; P < 0.05). The percentage of sperm abnormalities did not differ between the freeze–thawing and cooling processes (18.6 vs 22.1%; P > 0.05). Because there was less damage to spermatozoa and improvement in P AI–1, the use of cooled semen instead of frozen–thawed semen is an interesting approach to increase reproductive efficiency in cattle submitted to a FTAI protocol.

scholarly journals The effect of Glycoline® on reproductive efficiency in high-producing dairy cows

2016 ◽  
pp. 5163-5176
Author(s):  
Marcelo R. Del Campo ◽  
Marco Gonzalez T ◽  
Hans Andresen ◽  
Freddy A. Cea
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Pregnancy Rate ◽  
Transition Period ◽  
Holstein Cows ◽  
Reproductive Efficiency ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Ovarian Activity ◽  
Uterine Infection ◽  
Uterine Involution ◽  
Downer Cow Syndrome

ABSTRACT Objective. Determine the effect of Glycoline® on reproductive efficiency in high producing dairy cows. Materials and methods. 100 Holstein cows one month before delivery were selected. About 21 days before parturition they were put in a barn and were randomized in two groups: Glycoline® Group (GG, n=50), 300 g/day of Glycoline® for 21 days antepartum and 250 g/day of GlycoLine® over the following 21 days postpartum, and the Control Group (CG, n=50) with the same feed and silage ration as GG during the same period, but without the addition of Glycoline®. Events and reproductive variables of the cows were recorded for 202 days. The data were systematized, analyzed and statistically compared. Results. Comparisons were made between GG and CG respectively: Retained placenta (0.0 vs. 12.0%; p=0.027), downer cow syndrome (14.3 vs. 44.0%; p=0.002), uterine involution (64.6 vs. 36.4%; p=0.019 ), uterine infection (10.4% vs. 35.5%; p=0.006), no ovarian activity (6.3 vs. 25.6%; p=0.018), follicular cysts (0.0 vs. 18.2%, p = 0.002), luteal structures (25.0 vs. 9.3% ; p=0.058), mean estrus presentation (40.1% vs. 63.5%; p=0.033) inseminated females (79.6 vs. 68.0%; p=0.017), pregnancy rate at day 150 (57.1 vs. 46.0%; p≥0.317 ) and intervals (days): calving to 1st estrus (39.8 vs. 63.2; p≤0.006), calving to IA (62.4 vs. 87.5; p≤0.006) calving to conception (81.7 vs. 93.6; p≤0.006; p=0.103). Conclusions. Results suggest that dietary Glycoline® added in the transition period improves reproductive efficiency of high-producing dairy cows. RESUMEN Objetivos. Determinar el efecto del Glycoline® sobre la eficiencia reproductiva en vacas lecheras de alta producción. Materiales y Métodos. Se seleccionaron 100 vacas Holstein un mes antes del parto. Alrededor de 21 días antes del parto se ubicaron en un establo y se asignaron al azar a dos Grupos: Grupo Glycoline® (GG; n=50), 300 g/día de Glycoline® durante 21 días preparto y 250 g/día de Glycoline® durante los siguientes 21 días posparto y Grupo Control (GC, n=50) la misma ración de concentrado y ensilaje que el GG durante el mismo período de tiempo, pero sin la adición de Glycoline®. Se registraron los eventos y las variables reproductivas de las vacas durante 202 días. Los datos fueron sistematizados, analizados y comparados estadísticamente. Resultados. Comparaciones entre el GG y GC respectivamente: Retención de placenta (0,0 vs 12.0%; p=0.027), síndrome de vaca caída (14.3 vs 44.0%; p=0.002), involución uterina (64.6 vs 36.4%; p=0.019), infección uterina (10.4% vs 35.5%; p=0.006), sin actividad ovárica (6.3 vs 25.6%; p=0.018), quistes foliculares (0.0 vs 18.2%, p=0.002), estructuras luteales (25.0 vs 9.3%; p=0.058), promedio presentación de celo (40.1% vs 63.5%; p=0.033), hembras inseminadas (79.6 vs 68.0%; p=0.017), tasa de preñez al día 150 (57.1 vs 46.0%; p≥0.317) y intervalos de tiempo (días): parto 1er -celo (39.8 vs 63.2; p≤0.006), parto-IA (62.4 vs 87.5; p≤0.006) y parto-preñez (81.7 vs 93.6; p≤0.006; p=0.103). Conclusiones. Los resultados sugieren que el Glycoline® adicionado en la dieta en el período de transición, mejora la eficiencia reproductiva de vacas de alta producción.

8 EFFECT OF CIRCULATING LEPTIN LEVELS AT SYNCHRONIZATION ON SUBSEQUENT FIXED-TIMED ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION PREGNANCY RATES IN CROSSBRED BEEF HEIFERS

2009 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 104
Author(s):  
G. T. Gentry ◽  
J. A. Pitchford ◽  
M. Chiasson ◽  
L. R. Gentry ◽  
K. R. Bondioli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Pregnancy Rates ◽  
Reproductive Efficiency ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Metabolic Efficiency ◽  
Beef Heifers ◽  
Plasma Leptin

It is generally accepted that reproductive efficiency is the limiting factor in the profitability of most livestock operations. The heritabilities of reproductive traits are typically low, so most advances in reproductive efficiency must be achieved through changes in management practices. Recent research indicates that leptin may play a role in the reproductive processes for many domesticated livestock species. Leptin has been shown to affect nutrient intake, metabolic efficiency, and animal adiposity, and may be associated with age at puberty onset and the length of the postpartum interval in cattle. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine whether circulating leptin concentrations during estrous synchronization would affect subsequent pregnancy rates after fixed-timed AI (FTAI) in crossbred beef heifers. Before the initiation of the spring breeding season, 54 crossbred (Red Angus × Simmental) long yearling heifers, averaging 326 ± 6.3 kg with a mean body condition score (BCS) of 5.2 ± 0.33, a mean reproductive tract score of 2.1 ± 0.57, and a mean ovary score of 2.7 ± 0.76, were synchronized with a controlled internal drug-release (CIDR) vaginal implant and 2 mg of estradiol benzoate (EB) on Day 0, a 25-mg injection of prostaglandin and CIDR removal on Day 7, and 2 mg of EB on Day 8, with FTAI occurring 52 hours post-CIDR removal. Blood samples were collected via jugular venipuncture 4 times: twice during the synchronization protocol starting 2 days post-CIDR insertion, once at insemination, and once 4 days after insemination. All females were inseminated with frozen–thawed semen from the same fertile bull. Pregnancy was determined 45 days postinsemination via transrectal ultrasonography. Twenty females (37%) were confirmed pregnant to FTAI. There was no difference in average weights (324 ± 6.6 v. 323 ± 3.7 kg), BCS (5.1 ± 0.1 v. 5.2 ± 0.07), reproductive tract scores (2.2 ± 0.5 v. 2.1 ± 0.5) or ovary scores (2.7 ± 0.2 v. 2.7 ± 0.1) for the pregnant and nonpregnant females, respectively. However, those females that were pregnant from FTAI had higher (P = 0.02) mean plasma leptin concentrations (3.33 ± 0.22 ng mL–1) compared with heifers that did not conceive to FTAI (2.66 ± 0.19 ng mL–1) across all sampling days. In addition, as early as 2 days post-CIDR insertion, females that became pregnant from FTAI tended to have higher (P = 0.13) plasma leptin concentrations (2.76 ± 0.18 ng mL–1) compared with those heifers that did not conceive to FTAI (2.19 ± 0.15 ng mL–1). These results indicate that circulating plasma leptin levels in beef cattle during synchronization may be associated with subsequent fertility and might be a useful tool to select females to increase the efficacy of FTAI protocols in beef cattle.

scholarly journals EFISIENSI REPRODUKSI SAPI POTONG AKSEPTOR INSEMINASI BUATAN (IB) DI KECAMATAN TIKUNG, KABUPATEN LAMONGAN TAHUN 2015 DAN 2016

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 71
Author(s):  
Laili Salisa Masruroh ◽  
Widya Paramita Lokapirnasari ◽  
Tjuk Imam Restiadi
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Conception Rate ◽  
Reproductive Efficiency ◽  
Raw Data ◽  
Calving Rate ◽  
Reproduction Efficiency

The aim of this study was to evaluate about reproductive efficiency of beef cattle by artificial insemination (AI) in Kecamatan Tikung Kabupaten Lamongan period 2015 and 2016. To determine reproductive efficiency by artificial insemination, data concerning the value of reproductive efficiency such as number of inseminated cattle, number of pregnancy, and the number of birth were collected. The raw data were processed to get the Service per Conception (S/C), Conception Rate (CR), Calving Rate (CvR). After processed, the obtained data was tabulated. The result showed that Service per Conception on 2015 was 1.28, on 2016 was 1.33. Conception Rate on 2015 was 79.45%, on 2016 was 7.94%. Calving Rate on 2015 was 81.08%, on 2016 was 78.54%. Conclution of reproduction efficiency is good. Based on data calculated of mean and standart deviation.

19 THE EFFECT OF FOLLICLE-STIMULATING HORMONE IN A MODIFIED CO-SYNCH SYNCHRONIZATION PROTOCOL ON SUBSEQUENT PREGNANCY RATES OF CROSSBRED LACTATING BEEF CATTLE

2013 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 156
Author(s):  
L. R. Gentry ◽  
R. W. Walker ◽  
J. Lambe-Steinmiller ◽  
R. A. Godke ◽  
G. T. Gentry
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Pregnancy Rate ◽  
Beef Cows ◽  
Subsequent Pregnancy ◽  
Pregnancy Rates ◽  
Reproductive Efficiency ◽  
Follicular Waves ◽  
Estrus Detection ◽  
Synchronization Protocol

Heritability of reproductive traits is relatively low, leaving only management strategies as an alternative to affect reproductive efficiency in beef cattle. The use of assisted reproductive technologies such as fixed-timed AI (FTAI) offers the ability to increase reproductive efficiency through selection of superior genetics and manipulation of calving dates through estrous-synchronization protocols. Application of these technologies has not been fully embraced by cattlemen due to variation in success rate, primarily associated with the apparent lack of control of follicular waves. While it has been reported that an endogenous increase in FSH precedes the emergence of follicular waves in cattle, we could find no reports on the effects of exogenous FSH on FTAI pregnancy rates. Artificial insemination remains the most important reproductive technology that could positively affect cattlemen. Therefore, this experiment was conducted to test the hypothesis that incorporation of FSH into the CO-Synch synchronization protocol would increase FTAI pregnancy rates in beef cattle. Crossbred beef cows (n = 182) with a mean body weight (BW) of 596 ± 6.6 kg and mean body condition score (BCS) of 5.4 ± 0.07 from 3 different locations were stratified across treatment groups by BW, BCS, and days postpartum or cyclicity status based on plasma progesterone concentrations. Females were estrus synchronized using the 7-day CO-Synch+CIDR protocol. All females received a CIDR insert and 100 µg of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH; Factrel) on Day 0, followed by CIDR removal, 25 mg of prostaglandin (Lutalyse) IM and fitted with an estrus-detection patch (Estrotect) on Day 7. On Day 2, all females (n = 92) in the FSH treatment group were administered 20 mg of FSH (Folltropin) IM and the remaining females (n = 90) served as nontreated controls. Fixed-timed AI was performed at 72 h following CIDR removal when all females were administered 100 µg of GnRH and the estrus-detection patch was evaluated. The overall FTAI pregnancy rate was 55% (100/182) and there was no difference (P = 0.41) in pregnancy rates across locations so the data were pooled and reanalyzed. Pregnancy rates were not affected (P = 0.54) by treatment group and were 52% (48/92) for the FSH-treated females and 58% (52/90) for the nontreated control group. Similarly, based on evaluation of the estrus-detection patch, there was no difference (P = 0.68) in the percentage of females responding to the synchronization protocol [61% (55/92) v. 68% (61/90)] and no difference (P = 0.55) in the pregnancy rate of responding females [62% (34/55) v. 69% (42/61)] for the FSH-treated and nontreated control groups, respectively. In conclusion, administration of FSH 10 days prior to FTAI in CO-Synch+CIDR synchronized crossbred beef cows did not increase subsequent pregnancy rates. However, exogenous FSH administration should be evaluated further to determine its effects, if any, on follicular dynamics related to FTAI in the lactating beef cow.

12 INTRAUTERINE CHITOSAN INJECTION ADVANCES THE OESTROUS RETURN DATE AFTER DELIVERY IN JAPANESE BLACK COWS

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 120
Author(s):  
T. Aoyama ◽  
T. Nokubo ◽  
H. Funahashi
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Antibacterial Agent ◽  
Chitosan Solution ◽  
Reproductive Efficiency ◽  
Immune Functions ◽  
Cattle Production ◽  
Control Data ◽  
Beef Cattle Production ◽  
Uterine Body ◽  
Chitosan Powder

Shortened parturition interval is very profitable for beef cattle production. Chitosan is made by treating shrimp and other crustacean shells with alkali sodium hydroxide, a linear polysaccharide composed of randomly distributed β-(1–4)-linked D-glucosamine and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine, and has been utilised as an antibacterial agent. Intrauterine injection of chitosan, as an antibacterial agent, is expected to stimulate immune functions and to improve uterine recovery. The aim of the present study was to evaluate whether intrauterine chitosan injection shortened oestrous return after parturition in Japanese black cows. Chitosan powder was dissolved in water (5 g L–1), sterilized, and stored in a freezer at –20°C until use. At 30 days after delivery, chitosan solution was injected (50 mL/head) into the uterine body from the vagina via the cervix of cows. Heat detection was performed daily with a pedometer wirelessly connected to a computer. When heat-specific increased steps and standing heat were observed, we considered the cow to be in heat. In total, 9 cows were injected chitosan from December 2012 to June 2013, and those data were compared by ANOVA with control data collected from 42 cows from December 2011 and November 2012. Mean durations when oestrus was first returned after parturition shortened significantly in the chitosan-injected group (45.3 ± 4.9 days) than in controls (62.4 ± 2.7 days). Six females that showed oestrus after treatment with chitosan became pregnant following AI at the oestrus or the next cycle, and three others were waiting to be checked for pregnancy after AI. These preliminary data indicate that chitosan injection after parturition may shorten the oestrous return and improves reproductive efficiency. However, a large number of observations are necessary to reach further conclusions.

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