Retrospective analysis of the results of episcleral filling in the surgical treatment of primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachment
Purpose – to conduct a retrospective analysis of the results of episcleral filling in the surgical treatment of primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. Material and methods. Patients diagnosed with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment whom were undergone episcleral filling from 2015 to 2020 at the S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, the Kaluga Branch, were performed to a detailed retrospective analysis. Additionally, cases were analyzed when, after episcleral filling, the retina did not attach and later vitreoretinal surgery was performed. Results. Episcleral surgery was performed to the 486 eyes, repeated interventions were required to 126 eyes (26%). The presence of peripheral chorioretinal dystrophy of the retina (PCHDR) in paired eyes was found in only 45% of patients. In these patients’ retinal attachment was achieved with only one episcleral filling. In cases of lack of retinal attachment after episcleral surgery, the proportion of the presence of PCHDR in the paired eye was 84%. The superior and temporal segments were the most frequent places of localization of retinal rupture. At the same time, there were retinal ruptures in the upper segment in 30% of patients. The proportion of rupture in the external segment was 32%. The retinal rupture was localized in the upper external segment at 18% of cases. At 20% of cases, retinal ruptures were localized in the lower external and lower segments. Conclusion. The success of episcleral surgery depends on the thoroughness of the diagnosis, the detection of all existing retinal ruptures and their blocking during the surgical treatment. Key words: rhegmatogenous retinal detachment, episcleral filling, intravitreal surgery.