HYDROLOGICAL REGIME AND FREEZING OF HUMMOCKY BOGS ON THE EUROPEAN NORTH OF RUSSIA

The development of the European North of Russia, where flat and high-hummocky bog complexes are spread, requires information on the processes of formation of their hydrological regime and freezing of this territory. For the first time, based on observational data, for the period from 1993 to 2013, characteristics of the hydrological regime and freezing of hummocky bogs in Northern European Russia are presented, the case study of the Lovozerskoye bog. The observations were carried out in accordance with the unified methods, approved for the specialized network of Roshydromet bog stations. The regularities of the formation of the hydrological regime of hummocky bogs have been revealed: bog water level drops dramatically from the beginning of freezing to the end of March, rises during snow melt period, slightly drops in summer and rises in autumn. The main feature of hummocky bogs is permafrost, which determines their specific structure. It has been discovered that gravitation snowmelt and liquid precipitation waters relatively quickly run down the hummocks over the frozen layer into hollows between them. Levels of bog waters on the hummocks are absent for a longer period of time. In spring, the amplitude of water level rise in swamplands is on average 60–80 cm. Air temperature and insulation properties of snow are the main factors that influence the bog freezing. Hummocks freeze out as deep as 63–65 cm, which corresponds to the depth of their seasonal thawing in the warm period of the year, and adjoin the permafrost. The greatest depth of freezing of the swamplands is 82 – 87 cm, with an average of 68 cm. The frozen layer at swamplands thaws out from both its upper and bottom sides. The melting of the frozen layer at hummocks occurs only from the bog surface with an average intensity of 0,51 cm/day.

Download Full-text

Dance flies from shore zone of Lake Krivoe, Northern Karelia (Diptera: Empididae, Hybotidae)

Zoosystematica Rossica ◽

10.31610/zsr/2006.15.2.333 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 15 (2) ◽

pp. 333-334

Author(s):

A.A. Przhiboro ◽

I.V. Shamshev

Keyword(s):

Littoral Zone ◽

Oligotrophic Lake ◽

European Russia ◽

Northern Europe ◽

Shore Zone ◽

Lake Littoral ◽

Northern European ◽

Northern European Russia ◽

First Time

A list of 12 species collected or reared from the shore zone of an oligotrophic lake in Northern Karelia is given. Platypalpus rossicus Kovalev is for the first time recorded from Northern Europe and reared. P. nonstriatus (Strobl) and Hemerodromia raptoria Meigen are for the first time recorded from northern European Russia; the latter species is shown to develop in the lake littoral zone.

Download Full-text

Rationality in pier geometry of Kintaikyo Bridge from viewpoint of river engineering

Heritage Science ◽

10.1186/s40494-021-00576-3 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Hirokazu Sato

Keyword(s):

Water Level ◽

Hydraulic Model ◽

Regular Hexagon ◽

River Engineering ◽

Model Experiments ◽

Landscape Element ◽

Water Level Rise ◽

Engineering Characteristics ◽

Statistical Dispersion ◽

First Time

AbstractThe Kintaikyo Bridge, with its elegant wooden arches, has a unique pier shape and continues to be loved by residents and visitors alike. Although this bridge is an active footbridge and an important landscape element along with the Nishikigawa River and its river beach, the rationality or irrationality of the shape of its piers remains unknown. This paper is intended to clarify the river engineering characteristics of the piers for the first time by conducting 1/129 scale hydraulic model experiments. The shapes tested were a perfect spindle shape (which has been adopted as a common theory for many years) and a reconstructed current shape based on the spindle shape, and for comparison, an oval and a non-regular hexagon shape with the same width and area. The current shape, along with the spindle shape, suppressed the water level rise around the pier more than the others. As for the riverbed fluctuation, the current shape slightly increased the scour more than the others, but it also maximized the sedimentation around the scoured part. In other words, the current shape has the potential to facilitate the procurement of sediment for post-flood restoration. In addition, the current shape overwhelmingly reduced the statistical dispersion associated with the experiment, suggesting that it stabilizes the trend of riverbed fluctuation even during actual floods. Based on the results, the future conservation of the Kintaikyo Bridge was also discussed.

Download Full-text

The Current Situation at the Argun River Boundary Reach

Water sector of Russia: problems, technologies, management - Методы оценки и механизмы регулирования водопользования в современных условиях ◽

10.35567/1999-4508-2018-2-1 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Keyword(s):

Water Level ◽

Vegetation Index ◽

Hydrological Regime ◽

Radical Change ◽

High Water ◽

High Rate ◽

Floodplain Vegetation ◽

Water Level Rise ◽

Volume Of Transfer ◽

Cyclic Changes

Water/economic problems and the current changes in the Argun River boundary reach hydrological regime have been analyzed. The Russian-Chinese boundary coincides with the 951 km long reach of the Argun River. In the upper part of this reach there are no tributaries to the Argun so the water regime is completely determined by the runoff from the territory of China. High rate of rise of the neighboring regions of China resulted in the shortage of water resources and a number of environmental problems. Various water/economic measures are taken on the territory of China in order to solve these problems. Diversion of the part of the Khailar River (the Argun River upstream) runoff to the Lake Dalaynor (Khulun) should be specially mentioned. The Lake Dalaynor is sublecte to the water level cyclic changes. The last low-water period started in 1999 and the level lowering was 4.6 m by 2009. The transfer of the part of the Khailar River runoff started in 2009 and over the past period the water level in the lake became 3.5 m higher. The water level rise is observed only in high-water years while during the other periods all the volume of transfer is spent to evaporation. The runoff transfer caused the radical change of the Argun hydrological regime: the lowwater flow demonstrated the 3-5 times decrease, the floodplain flooding recurrence and duration also decreased. The vegetation index (EVI) downstream the transfer canal is an evidence of the floodplain vegetation suppression as a result of water availability decrease. Indices of the Argun River water quality at the starting section of the boundary reach are the worst in the region.

Download Full-text

CRITICAL FACTORS OF WATER CONTENT FOR FISH STOCKS IN THE WATER RESERVOIRS OF KAZAKHSTAN

VESTNIK OF ASTRAKHAN STATE TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY SERIES FISHING INDUSTRY ◽

10.24143/2073-5529-2017-1-9-18 ◽

2017 ◽

pp. 9-18

Author(s):

Saule Zhangirovna Asylbekova ◽

Kuanysh Baibulatovich Isbekov ◽

Evgeniy Vyacheslavovich Kulikov

Keyword(s):

Water Content ◽

Water Level ◽

Water Availability ◽

Hydrological Regime ◽

Fishing Effort ◽

Water Reservoirs ◽

The Caspian Sea ◽

Annual Fish ◽

Commercial Fish ◽

Fish Stocks

The hydrological regime of water reservoirs in different years has a decisive impact on the abundance of commercial fish stocks and the quality of ichthyocenoses. In this connection in 2015-2016 there was conducted a retrospective analysis and ranking of hydrological regime impact on these factors. The paper gives evaluation of catches and fish stocks under different scenarios of water availability in the main fishing ponds of the Republic of Kazakhstan that give about 80% of the annual fish catch of the country (except the Caspian Sea). There were analyzed 2000 factors of hydrological regime (water level, annual discharge) and 1845 factors of fishing stocks (catches, abundance, fish biomass). The paper determines the critical characteristics of water availability for fish stocks. There have been proposed a number of administrative decisions and actions in case if water content would approach to the critical level. Among them: limitation of fish catches in the following year; widening zones restricted for fishing; intensification of safety measures of the fish young in residual ponds during arid periods; introduction of catch standards for a unit of fishing effort in low-water years, high-water years and years with normal water level in rivers.

Download Full-text

Biologically Active Extractives of High-Moor Peat of Northern European Russia

Vestnik RFFI ◽

10.22204/2410-4639-2016-089-01-31-37 ◽

2016 ◽

Author(s):

Svtelana B. Selyanina ◽

◽

Marina V. Trufanova ◽

Svtelana A. Zabelina ◽

Mikhail V. Bogdanov ◽

...

Keyword(s):

European Russia ◽

Biologically Active ◽

Northern European ◽

High Moor ◽

Northern European Russia ◽

High Moor Peat

Download Full-text

An exceptionally preserved conulariid from Ordovician erratics of Northern European Lowlands

PalZ ◽

10.1007/s12542-020-00534-7 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Consuelo Sendino ◽

Martin M. Bochmann

Keyword(s):

Internal Structure ◽

Late Pleistocene ◽

Point Of View ◽

Three Dimensions ◽

Northern European ◽

Current Location ◽

Transport Direction ◽

First Time ◽

Erratic Boulder

AbstractA conulariid preserved in three dimensions from Ordovician fluvioglacial erratics of the Northern European Lowlands (North German Plain) is described under open nomenclature. It is assigned to the genus Conularia with similarities to Baltoscandian conulariids. The lithology of the erratic boulder and fauna contained in it provide important information on the origin and transport direction of the sediment preserved in a kame from the Saalian glaciation. This paper deals with the site of origin of the boulder in Baltoscandia analysing the comprised palaeofauna, from a palaeostratigraphic and palaeogeographic point of view, from its deposition in Ordovician times until its arrival at its current location in the Late Pleistocene. It also reveals for the first time the internal structure of the conulariid aperture.

Download Full-text