scholarly journals THE ROMAN SILVER COIN ASSEMBLAGE FROM THE FRONTOVOYE 3 NECROPOLIS TOMB 3 (SOUTHWESTERN CRIMEA): INVESTIGATION OF METAL BY MEANS OF X-RAY SPECTROSCOPY AND PB ISOTOPIC ANALYSIS

2021 ◽  
pp. 287-297
Author(s):  
М. Г. Абрамзон ◽  
И. А. Сапрыкина ◽  
А. В. Чугаев
Keyword(s):  
Isotopic Analysis ◽  
Burial Ground ◽  
Massif Central ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Silver Coin ◽  
The North ◽  
Roman Coins ◽  
Metal Composition ◽  
Southwestern Crimea

В статье представлены результаты исследования химического состава металла и изотопного состава Pb в серебре группы римских монет из раскопок могильника Фронтовое 3 (Юго-Западный Крым). Из погребения 3 происходят семь монет Септимия Севера, Плавтиллы, Гордиана III, Филиппа I, отчеканенные на монетном дворе Рима. Данные о составе металла этих монет сопоставлены с результатами анализа других римских монет данного периода. Исследования изотопного состава Pb в римских серебряных монетах из Фронтового 3 и денариях из раскопок Горгиппии показывают, что наиболее вероятным источником серебра для чеканки римских монет, найденных на территории Северного Причерноморья, являлись стратиформные серебро-полиметаллические месторождения Центрального массива Франции. The article presents the results of investigation of a group of Roman silver coins from the excavations of the Frontovoye 3 burial ground (the Southwestern Crimea). Seven coins of Septimius Severus, Plautilla, Gordian III, and Philip I, struck in the mint of Rome, were discovered in tomb 3. Data on the metal composition of these coins are compared with the results of analysis of other Roman coins of this period. The Pb isotopic analysis of the Roman silver coins from Frontovoye 3 and the denarii from the excavations at Gorgippia shows that the stratiform silver-polymetallic deposits of the Massif Central in France was the most likely source of silver for mintage of Roman coins found in the North Pontic Region.

X-ray computed microtomography for the structural analysis of jewelry from the Museum “Royal Tombs of Sipán”

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (S1) ◽  
pp. S38-S42
Author(s):  
Soraia Rodrigues de Azeredo ◽  
Roberto Cesareo ◽  
Angel Guillermo Bustamante Dominguez ◽  
Ricardo Tadeu Lopes
Keyword(s):  
Structural Analysis ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Copper Alloys ◽  
North Coast ◽  
Flat Panel ◽  
X Ray ◽  
The North ◽  
Gold Silver ◽  
Computed Microtomography ◽  
X Ray Computed

Precious ornaments from the Museum Royal Tombs of Sipán were analyzed by X-ray computed microtomography (microCT). The ornaments analyzed were golden earrings produced by the Moche culture that flourished along the north coast of present-day Peru between approximately 100 and 600 AD. Sipán, also known as Huava Rajada, is a mochica archaeological complex in the north of Peru. In particular, the spectacular jewelry, mainly composed of gold, silver, and copper alloys, gilded copper, and tumbaga, from the Museum “Royal Tombs of Sipán,” in Lambayeque, north of Peru, are some of the most sophisticated metalworking ever produced of pre-Columbian America. A portable microCT system consisting of a high-resolution flat panel detector and a mini X-ray tube were used for the structural analysis of these ornaments. The microCT images show parts of the internal structure, highlighting the manufacturing technique and gold sheets joining techniques of the Moche artisans. Furthermore, the advantage of using the portable microCT system for nondestructive testing is clear when the sample cannot be taken to the laboratory.

X-Ray and Optical Data for a Rare Earth–Poor Eudialyte from the North–Central Alaska Range

1990 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neil E. Johnson ◽  
Mickey E. Gunter ◽  
Diana N. Solie ◽  
Charles R. Knowles
Keyword(s):  
Rare Earth ◽  
Powder Diffraction ◽  
Weight Percent ◽  
Optical Data ◽  
Alaska Range ◽  
North Central ◽  
X Ray ◽  
The North ◽  
Cell Dimensions ◽  
Unit Cell Dimensions

AbstractPowder X-ray and optical data have been recorded for a sample of exceptionally rare earth-poor eudialyte (Na12(Ca, REE)6(Fe2+,Mn,Mg)3Zr3(Zr,Nb)x[Si9O27−y(OH)y]2[Si3O9]2(C1,F)z, with x = 0. 1–0.9, y = 1–3 and z = 0.7–1.4) from a pegmatitic vein associated with the peralkaline Windy Fork granite in the north–central Alaska range. The eudialyte is uniaxial positive with ω= 1.6062(2), ε= 1.6138 (3) and microprobe analyses indicate that the sum of REE + Yis less than 0.1 weight percent. Refined unit cell dimensions are: a = 14.2572(4), c = 30.1338(27), Dx= 2.67, F30= 128 (0.006, 42), M20= 76. An indexed powder diffraction pattern is given.

scholarly journals Gem-Quality Tourmaline from LCT Pegmatite in Adamello Massif, Central Southern Alps, Italy: An Investigation of Its Mineralogy, Crystallography and 3D Inclusions

Minerals ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 593 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valeria Diella ◽  
Federico Pezzotta ◽  
Rosangela Bocchio ◽  
Nicoletta Marinoni ◽  
Fernando Cámara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rare Earth ◽  
Manganese Content ◽  
Diffraction Method ◽  
Structural Data ◽  
Massif Central ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Geological Processes ◽  
Chemical Studies ◽  
Micro Tomography ◽  
Cation Sites

In the early 2000s, an exceptional discovery of gem-quality multi-coloured tourmalines, hosted in Litium-Cesium-Tantalum (LCT) pegmatites, was made in the Adamello Massif, Italy. Gem-quality tourmalines had never been found before in the Alps, and this new pegmatitic deposit is of particular interest and worthy of a detailed characterization. We studied a suite of faceted samples by classical gemmological methods, and fragments were studied with Synchrotron X-ray computed micro-tomography, which evidenced the occurrence of inclusions, cracks and voids. Electron Microprobe combined with Laser Ablation analyses were performed to determine major, minor and trace element contents. Selected samples were analysed by single crystal X-ray diffraction method. The specimens range in colour from colourless to yellow, pink, orange, light blue, green, amber, brownish-pink, purple and black. Chemically, the tourmalines range from fluor-elbaite to fluor-liddicoatite and rossmanite: these chemical changes occur in the same sample and affect the colour. Rare Earth Elements (REE) vary from 30 to 130 ppm with steep Light Rare Earth Elemts (LREE)-enriched patterns and a negative Eu-anomaly. Structural data confirmed the elbaitic composition and showed that high manganese content may induce the local static disorder at the O(1) anion site, coordinating the Y cation sites occupied, on average, by Li, Al and Mn2+ in equal proportions, confirming previous findings. In addition to the gemmological value, the crystal-chemical studies of tourmalines are unanimously considered to be a sensitive recorder of the geological processes leading to their formation, and therefore, this study may contribute to understanding the evolution of the pegmatites related to the intrusion of the Adamello pluton.

VI. Antiquities discovered in Lancaster, 1776. By Mr. West, Author of the “Antiquities of Furness.” Communicated by Mr. Lort

Archaeologia ◽  
1779 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 98-100
Author(s):  
West
Keyword(s):  
Very Old ◽  
Human Skull ◽  
The North ◽  
Burnt Wood ◽  
Roman Coins ◽  
The Dead ◽  
Large House ◽  
North End

On sinking the cellars for a large house at the upper part of Church-street in this town, now building by Daniel Wilson, esq. on the site of which stood some very old houses (formerly called the Judge's lodgings), was discovered, at about six feet below the present surface of the street, a supposed Roman burying-place; as burnt wood, bones, and ashes, broken paterae, urns, Roman brick, gutter tiles, coins, horns of animals, &c. were found; also, two fragments of thick walls, at about five yards distant from each other, in a direction from front to back, and seeming to continue under Church-street, be-twixt which were several large stones, some of which were hewn. By this it may be conjectured, to have been a vault to deposit the ashes of the dead, and fallen-in, or pulled down, at some time, as there were found, within the walls, several pieces of urns, an earthen sepulchral lamp entire (the end of the spout where the wick came out was burnt black), broken paterae, burnt bones, ashes, a large human skull, Roman coins, &c. also, at the North-end a well, filled with hewn stones, but not meddled with.

scholarly journals Результаты работ на грунтовом могильнике Максимовка I в лесостепном Поволжье в 2018 г.

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 515-530
Author(s):  
Arkady I. Korolev ◽  
◽  
Vladimir N. Myshkin ◽  
Anton A. Shalapinin
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Academic Community ◽  
Volga Region ◽  
Metal Ring ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Burial Ground ◽  
The Third ◽  
The North ◽  
Grave Goods

Introduction. This is a report on the results of archaeological excavations at Maksimovka I, the subterranean burial ground located in the forest-steppe Volga region. The site is unique because it contains burial complexes of different epochs. The purpose of the paper is to introduce the materials found during the 2018 excavations for the attention of the academic community. In particular, the paper focuses on the description and characterization of the archaeological complexes under investigation, and, also, on their cultural-chronological attribution. Data. The cultural layer was not particularly rich but contained fragments of Neolithic, Eneolithic, and Bronze Age ceramics, stone tools, and waste left after stone processing. Three burials were examined in the excavation area. The first burial comprised the skeleton of a deceased person in a supine position; the head oriented to the north-northeast; the grave goods included iron items (a fragment of a boiler and of a bit, rod-shaped items, and a firesteel), grindstones, and flints. The second buried person was found in the seated position, leg bones bent at the knee joint, head oriented to northeast; the finds included a nonferrous metal ring, a bone pendant, a silicon wafer, and tubular beads. The third buried person was also in a seated position, head oriented to the northeast; no grave goods were found in the third burial. Also, two other burial constructions recovered on the site were partially examined. Results. The first burial was attributed to the Golden Horde period in the Middle Ages (the second half of the 13th or the 14th c.). The second burial has a number of parallels to burial complexes of mid-late Eneolithic era of the forest-steppe Volga region. The third burial was left unidentified in terms of its cultural-chronological attribution, granted the non-standard position of the skeletal remains in the grave and the absence of goods. Conclusions. The examination of the subterranean burial ground Maksimovka I has allowed to introduce the archaeological material of different periods, such as Neolithic, Eneolithic, Bronze, and Middle Ages.

scholarly journals The metal artefacts from the prehistoric walled enclosure of Castelo Velho de Freixo de Numão within the early metallurgy of north-west of Iberian Peninsula

2019 ◽  
pp. 305-328
Author(s):  
Carlo Bottaini ◽  
Ignacio Montero-Ruiz ◽  
Susana Lopes ◽  
Lídia Baptista ◽  
Sérgio Gomes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Iberian Peninsula ◽  
Analytical Study ◽  
Pure Copper ◽  
X Ray ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
Metal Artefacts ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Arsenical Copper ◽  
North Western

This paper deals with the preliminary results of the typological and analytical study of a collection of copper-based objects found at the site of Castelo Velho (Freixo de Numão). This collection is associated to different contexts from the 3rd millennium BC (Chalcolithic). The analyses, performed by non-destructive X-ray fluorescence (XRF), show that the metals were produced with almost pure copper and arsenical copper (> 2% As). Impurities, such as As (<2%), Fe, Bi, Ag, Sn, Sb and Ni, were also identified, likely due to their presence in the ores used for the production of the objects. The data suggest that the metals from Castelo Velho may be framed within the metallurgical production already known for the Chalcolithic of the North-Western Iberian Peninsula.

Obsidian in Southern Ecuador: The Carboncillo Source

2011 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dennis E. Ogburn
Keyword(s):  
Economic Organization ◽  
Geochemical Analysis ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Far North ◽  
The North ◽  
The Andes ◽  
Southern Ecuador ◽  
High Level ◽  
Northern Highlands

AbstractThe Carboncillo area in the southern highlands of Ecuador is identified as the only confirmed source of archaeological obsidian located in the country outside of the northern highlands and is the first identified in the large gap between the known Ecuadorian and Peruvian sources. With the identification of this source, it can no longer be assumed that all obsidian found in Ecuador came from sources in the northern highlands. Thus the Carboncillo source has significant implications for interpreting patterns of long-distance exchange in the Andes, especially in southern Ecuador and the far north of Peru. A geochemical analysis of the Carboncillo material shows that it can be easily distinguished from the obsidian from other Ecuadorian sources. A provenance study of archaeological obsidian samples from the southern highlands of Ecuador using x-ray fluorescence demonstrates that the Carboncillo obsidian was used at the Preceramic site of Chobshi Cave and at a number of late prehispanic sites in the Saraguro region. The results indicate a high level of sociopolitical and economic isolation in late prehistory, most likely tied to a preoccupation with warfare between neighboring groups, and provide additional evidence that the economic organization of the southern highlands differed markedly from that of the north during this time.

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