MEMORY FACTOR IN CONTEMPORARY ARCHITECTURE: PREMISES AND INTERPRETATIONS

Author(s):  
Д.В. Бакшутова
GeroPsych ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 235-244
Author(s):  
Boo Johansson ◽  
Marcus Praetorius Björk ◽  
Valgeir Thorvaldsson

Abstract. In 1987, we administered a subjective memory questionnaire to 143 40-year-old men, and 30 years later 67 of them again responded to the same questionnaire at age 70. At the follow-up, we also instructed participants to answer the questionnaire in the same manner as they thought they did at age 40 and to perform a picture recognition and a public event test. We employed confirmatory factor analysis to model a latent subjective memory construct. A single-factor solution provided acceptable model fit to data (χ2(12) = 9.33, p = .68; χ2(12) = 10.48, p = .57) and a decent reliability at both ages for the subjective memory measurements (omega = .82 and .93, respectively). Our longitudinal invariance testing revealed only a partial weak invariance. We also fitted a latent change-score model to the data. As expected, participants on average rated their memory as poorer at age 70 than at 40. Those who reported better overall health and less anxiety reported less memory decline up to age 70. Notably, this was also the case for those who rated memory as worse at age 40. Higher stress and depression at age 70, however, were associated with worse subjective memory already at age 40. The correspondences between memory ratings and tests were low. The correlation between the subjective memory factors at age 40 and 70 was 0.58, while the correlation between the memory factor at age 70 and the retrospective subjective memory factor was 0.87. Our findings suggest that subjective memory is quite consistent, and that we are inclined to preserve the continuity of our own memory functioning over the adult lifespan.


ARCHALP ◽  
2018 ◽  
pp. 174-179
Author(s):  
Francesca Bogo

The Province of Belluno is home of great human and landscape quality and of the beautiful Dolomites, UNESCO World Heritage. How experiences of contemporary architecture fit and how are promoted in this context? It can be said that contemporary architecture does not attract a big audience. This is despite the constant efforts by various bodies and associations to promote its diffusion and development through competitions, conferences, workshops and case studies. In the Belluno region, apart from the extraordinary extant historical heritage, there are widespread examples of new architecture known as “false alpine models” or architecture that has erroneously become typical of the Province’s image. This is the reason why this new architecture with its range of peculiarities is widely reiterated, from north to south of the area. Even though buildings of this type lack any real ties with history or tradition, they find widespread approval by institutions and commissions. They are the result of repetitive practices deriving from constraints imposed by local regulations and a limited aptitude in the use of contemporary language of architecture. Even if the barometer of the vitality of contemporary architecture in the region of Belluno is rather lukewarm, dampened by cultural resistance and by regulatory constraints affecting its growth and diffusion, there is no lack of experiences, initiatives and achievements. The latter is evidence of the fact that where research and the use of contemporary languages are accompanied by the opinions of enlightened patrons, good architecture is born, which find space in the arena of national and international architectural debate. Examples of good architecture, even though limited in number, are distributed across the Province and constitute heritage and the focus for promoting and consolidating the growth and dissemination of contemporary architecture throughout the area.


Architectura ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 154-183
Author(s):  
Andreas Schwarting

Abstract Hermann Blomeier is one of around 80 graduates from the Bau- und Ausbauabteilung, a comparatively small group among the more than 1200 students at the Bauhaus who have only recently come under the spotlight of research. The biographies of several graduates are known, such as Franz Ehrlich, Erich Consemüller, Howard Dearstyne, Selman Selmanagić, Herbert Hirche or Arieh Sharon; many more are lost, however. Although the Bauhaus was not a ›school‹ in the sense of a unified design approach and a binding canon of forms, it is instructive on an individual level to study the work of Blomeier, one of the Bauhaus graduates and students of Ludwig Mies van der Rohe who has so far received little attention. On the basis of three projects from the 1950s, the viability of the design approaches conveyed at the Bauhaus for the construction tasks of the post-war period are examined. First, the ferry ports connecting Konstanz and Meersburg will be considered as the first major project by Blomeier after the Second World War. The buildings for the Bodensee-Wasserversorgung – at times the largest construction site in West Germany of the 1950s – represent an outstanding example of industrial architecture and technical infrastructure in their fusion of art, technology and landscape. The smallest of the three projects, the building for the rowing club Neptun, located directly opposite the old town of Konstanz on the Seerhein, points with its innovative modular primary structure well beyond contemporary architecture and anticipates developments of the late 1960s, such as the Japanese Metabolists or the Plug-In-City of Archigram.


2014 ◽  
Vol 638-640 ◽  
pp. 2290-2293
Author(s):  
Han Fang Liu ◽  
Xue Mei Jin ◽  
Jia Fu

This paper analyzes the factors influencing the contemporary architectural innovation. It puts forward that the model of standardization and mass production contribute to similar “international” architectural form, which results in the disappearing of the “national character” and“regional character” of Chinese architecture. However, simplified traditional expressions make contemporary architectural innovation too superficial, leading to a “trap” of imitation. It also pointes out that the combination of the methods of symbol and metaphor , technology and materials of modern architecture, a further exploration of traditional culture symbols, cultural energy stimulating is the power source of contemporary architectural innovation, and make a argumentation through success and failure cases.


2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 133-157
Author(s):  
Yasmin Mohd Fauzi ◽  
Juliza Mohamad

AbstrakKelantan terletak dalam pengasingan dari koridor perindustrian di pantai barat dan jauh dari pengaruh KualaLumpur, Pulau Pinang dan Singapura. Adalah penting untuk menentukan daya-daya penentu pertumbuhanbandar di negeri ini kerana pusat-pusat bandar di Kelantan mempunyai gabungan unik antara potensidan kekangan. Walau bagaimanapun, sebagaimana proses globalisasi dan urbanisasi perbandaranyang berlaku di seluruh dunia, evolusi senibina di Kelantan tidak terkecuali dan pemeliharaan nilai-nilaisejarah yang unik perlu dilakukan. Warisan senibina Kelantan hari ini kurang dihargai oleh masyarakatkerana karaktornya yang terpencil dan kurang baik. Hal ini kerana proses pengekalan bangunan warisankurang diberi perhatian dan juga kurang mendapat penekanan daripada pihak berkuasa dan masyarakatsendiri. Terdapat banyak bangunan-bangunan bersejarah di Kota Bharu yang telah dirobohkan untuktujuan pembangunan bandar dan ada sebahagian bangunan diberi pengaruh gaya seni bina modendan kontemporari tanpa mengambil kira nilai sejarah yang sedia ada. Pertumbuhan intervensi senibinaadalah tidak dapat dielakkan atas permintaan untuk memenuhi keperluan perbandaran. Akibatnya, corakpersekitaran bandar dan warisan senibina ini mengalami perubahan sepanjang proses pembandaran.Selain itu, perubahan telah memberi kesan kepada suasana persekitaran iaitu bangunan (warisan alambina), serta perancangan jalan dan aktiviti. Abstract Kelantan is situated somewhat in isolation from the industrial corridor of the west coast and far from thesphere of influence of Kuala Lumpur, Penang and Singapore. It is important to determine the forces of thestate’s urban growth determinants because urban centers in Kelantan have their unique mix of potentialsand constraints. However, as far as globalization and urbanization that are taking place worldwide, thearchitectural evolution in Kelantan is not exempted and the preservation of any unique historical valueshould be done. The heritage architecture value of Kelantan today, has not been appreciated by localfolks and society because of its isolated and poor characters which has not been maintained and wellemphasized by the authority and society themselves. Hence, the remarkable heritage property has been‘invisible’ and demolished due to negligence and time factors. Moreover, there are many historical buildingsin Kota Bharu that had been demolished for urban development purposes and the influence of modernand contemporary architecture style without considering the existing and distinctive of historical value.The growth of architectural intervention is inevitably due to society and its demands to fulfill their urbanneeds nowadays. As a result, the pattern of urban setting and heritage property had changed throughoutthe years of urbanization. Moreover, the changes have affected the ambiance of surrounding i.e. buildings(built-heritage), and streets planning and activities.


2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (SE) ◽  
pp. 97-103
Author(s):  
Allah Bakhsh Kavoosi ◽  
Shahin Heidari ◽  
Hamed Mazaherian

Growth and development of technology caused enormous transformation and change in the world after Industrial Revolution. The contemporary human has prepared the platform for their realization in many activities that the humans were unable to do it in the past time and struck the dream of their realization in their mind so that today doing many of those activities have been apparently practical by human. This accelerating growth accompanied with consuming a lot of energy where with respect to restriction of the given existing resources, it created energy crises. On the other hand, along with growth in industry and requirement for manpower and immigration from village to city and basic architectural changes in houses, which have emerged due to change in social structure it has led to change in lifestyle and type and quantity of consuming energy in contemporary architecture. Inter alia, with increase in human’s capability, cooling and heating and acoustic and lighting technologies were also changed in architecture and using mechanical system was replaced by traditional systems. Application of modern systems, which resulted from growth of industry and development of technology and it unfortunately, caused further manipulation in nature and destruction of it by human in addition to improving capability and potential of human’s creativity. With respect to growth of population and further need for housing and tendency to the dependent heating and cooling systems to them in this article we may notice that the housing is assumed as the greatest consumer of energy to create balance among the exterior and interior spaces in line with creating welfare conditions for heating and cooling and lighting. The tables of energy demand prediction in Iran show that these costs and energy consumption will be dubbed with energy control smart management in architecture.


Author(s):  
Н.А. Коновалова

Идеи В.Г. Шухова в свое время стали настоящей революцией в архитектуре. Спустя десятилетия они не только не потеряли своей актуальности, но и нашли применение во многих странах мира, в том числе в Японии. Японцы первыми оценили перспективность изобретений великого русского инженера и стали использовать сетчатые оболочки и несущие конструкции на их основе в архитектуре. Главными причинами использования сетчатых оболочек Шухова в архитектуре Новейшего времени является повышение сейсмостойкости зданий и возможность получения новых, более сложных форм перекрытий. В современной японской архитектуре можно встретить ряд ярких примеров, раскрывающих влияние на нее идей инженера В.Г. Шухова и развитие идей русского инженера местными мастерами. Ideas of V.G. Shuchov were revolutionary for his times. Decades passed but these ideas haven’t lost their relevence and found applications in many countries all over the world, including Japan. Japanese were the first ones who acknowledged the perspectivity of great russian engineer’s inventions and started using retinas and supporting structures based on them in architecture. Main reasons of using Shuchov’s retinas in contemporary architecture are increase of seismic resistance in structures and possibility to gain new, more complicated forms of overlays. In contemporary architecture of Japan there are numerous examples, that reveal the influence on it created by V.G. Shuchov and development of russian engineer’s ideas by local masters.


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