Особенности скорости выхода радона из грунта в приземную атмосферу

Вестник КРАУНЦ. Физико-математические науки ◽

10.26117/2079-6641-2021-35-2-150-158 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 150-158

Author(s):

G.A. Yakovlev ◽

V.S. Yakovleva

Keyword(s):

Ionizing Radiation ◽

Flux Density ◽

Release Rate ◽

Radiation Detectors ◽

Meteorological Conditions ◽

Alpha Radiation ◽

Radon Flux ◽

New Models ◽

Different Time Scales

The paper presents the results of the analysis of long-term series of monitoring data on the radon flux density. They were produced using a accumulation chamber of our own design, which allows, in terms of the readings of alpha radiation counters, to obtain the values of the radon flux density. The main results and the most illustrative examples of the behavior of the investigated characteristic of radon are present in the work. As a result, conclusions were drawn about the features of radon release rate from the soil into the surface atmosphere at different time scales and under different meteorological conditions, which can be used in the future to monitor the radon flux density using ionizing radiation detectors, and is also fundamental for the development new models. В работе представлены результаты анализа многолетних рядов данных мониторинга плотности потока радона. Они производились с помощью накопительной камеры собственной разработки позволяющей в пересчете с показаний счетчиков альфа излучения получить значения плотности потока радона. В работе освещены основные результаты и наиболее показательные примеры поведения исследованной характеристики радона. В результате были сделаны выводы об особенностях скорости выхода радона из грунта в приземную атмосферу на различных масштабах времени и при различных метеорологических условиях, что может быть использовано в дальнейшем с целью мониторинга плотности потока радона при помощи детекторов ионизирующего излучения, а также несет фундаметальный характер для разработки новых моделей.

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Comparative Studies of Ionizing Radiation Detectors Made on the Basis of Various Types of Diamond Plates

Nano- i Mikrosistemnaya Tehnika ◽

10.17587/nmst.23.68-75 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 23 (2) ◽

pp. 68-75

Author(s):

Altukhov A.A. ◽

Keyword(s):

Ionizing Radiation ◽

Single Crystal ◽

Comparative Studies ◽

Collection Efficiency ◽

Radiation Detectors ◽

Charge Collection ◽

Alpha Radiation ◽

Charge Collection Efficiency ◽

Polarization Phenomena

The results of experiments on the study of polarization phenomena and the charge collection efficiency in test structures of diamond ionizing radiation detectors using diamond plates of various types, including single-crystal NRNT-type, single-crystal CVD-type, as well as polycrystalline type, when exposed to alpha-radiation with an energy of 5.5 MeV are presented. Studies have demonstrated the existence of a number of problems with the device quality of diamond plates that affect the performance of spec-trometric-type detectors.

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Boundary Conditions for Artificial Snow Production in the Austrian Alps*

Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology ◽

10.1175/2010jamc2251.1 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 49 (6) ◽

pp. 1096-1113 ◽

Cited By ~ 32

Author(s):

Marc Olefs ◽

Andrea Fischer ◽

Josef Lang

Keyword(s):

Relative Humidity ◽

Threshold Value ◽

Meteorological Conditions ◽

Trend Test ◽

Temperature Threshold ◽

Long Term Changes ◽

Technical Specifications ◽

Time Periods ◽

Different Time Scales

Abstract To assess how meteorological conditions favorable for the production of artificial snow vary in time and space, wet-bulb temperatures are calculated using temperature and humidity data of 14 Austrian stations between October and April for 1948–2007 (station altitudes 585–3105 m MSL). Technical specifications of snow guns are used to define a wet-bulb temperature threshold value of −2°C for snowmaking and a relationship between wet-bulb temperature and snowmaking capacity. The Mann–Kendall nonparametric-trend test is used to detect monotonic long-term changes in air temperature, relative humidity, wet-bulb temperature, and number of snowmaking days. It is applied multiple times to overlapping time periods to capture significant trends on different time scales. Results show a marked, common air- and wet-bulb seasonal mean (October–April) temperature increase between +1.5° and +3.1°C from 1980 to 1990 for a majority of stations with no trends thereafter. The number of snowmaking days per season decreased by −20 to −34 for half of the stations in the period around 1979–2003. No altitudes were especially affected by changes in the analyzed variables. The estimated volume of produced artificial snow shows high interannual variability and exhibits no trends at an hourly resolution over the last two decades.

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Status and development prospects of standard means for reproducing units of volumetric activity of radon and thoron and radon flux density from the soil surface

Izmeritel`naya Tekhnika ◽

10.32446/0368-1025it.2020-1-69-73 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 69-73

Author(s):

S.G. Birjukov ◽

O.I. Kovalenko ◽

A.A. Orlov

Keyword(s):

Flux Density ◽

Soil Surface ◽

National Standards ◽

Measuring Instruments ◽

Volumetric Activity ◽

Standard Means ◽

Radon Flux ◽

Technical Solutions ◽

Development Prospects ◽

Physical Principles

The approach to creating standard means for reproducing units of volumetric activity of radon and thoron and flux density of radon from the soil surface is described based on the physical principles of reproducing these units of quantities and using as technical means for reproducing bubblers with a radioactive solution of radium salt, reference capacities of known volume, emanation chambers for generation of a toron, a gamma spectrometer with a semiconductor detector from highly pure germanium and radon radiometers. Reproduction consists in the physical realization of units in accordance with their definition as applied to the formation of radon and thoron in the radioactive rows of radium and thorium. The proposed approach will allow to determine the structural, structural and other technical solutions of standard measuring instruments, as well as specific techniques and methods of working with them. The creation of standard tools and technologies for reproducing units of volumetric activity of radon and thoron and the density of radon flux from the soil surface will ensure the unity and reliability of measurements in the field of ionizing radiation, traceability of units and bringing the characteristics of national standards in line with world achievements.

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Amifostine-Loaded Dissolving Armored Microneedles for Long-Term Prevention of Ionizing Radiation-Induced Injury

SSRN Electronic Journal ◽

10.2139/ssrn.3539215 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Xiang Yu ◽

Minshu Li ◽

Lin Zhu ◽

Jingfei li ◽

Guoli Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ionizing Radiation ◽

Radiation Induced

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Effect of ionizing radiation on human skeletal muscle precursor cells

Radiology and Oncology ◽

10.2478/raon-2013-0058 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 47 (4) ◽

pp. 376-381 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Mihaela Jurdana ◽

Maja Cemazar ◽

Katarina Pegan ◽

Tomaz Mars

Keyword(s):

Skeletal Muscle ◽

Stress Response ◽

Ionizing Radiation ◽

Human Skeletal Muscle ◽

Long Term Effects ◽

Post Irradiation ◽

Acute Response ◽

Proliferation Capacity ◽

Myoblast Proliferation

Abstract Background. Long term effects of different doses of ionizing radiation on human skeletal muscle myoblast proliferation, cytokine signalling and stress response capacity were studied in primary cell cultures. Materials and methods. Human skeletal muscle myoblasts obtained from muscle biopsies were cultured and irradiated with a Darpac 2000 X-ray unit at doses of 4, 6 and 8 Gy. Acute effects of radiation were studied by interleukin - 6 (IL-6) release and stress response detected by the heat shock protein (HSP) level, while long term effects were followed by proliferation capacity and cell death. Results. Compared with non-irradiated control and cells treated with inhibitor of cell proliferation Ara C, myoblast proliferation decreased 72 h post-irradiation, this effect was more pronounced with increasing doses. Post-irradiation myoblast survival determined by measurement of released LDH enzyme activity revealed increased activity after exposure to irradiation. The acute response of myoblasts to lower doses of irradiation (4 and 6 Gy) was decreased secretion of constitutive IL-6. Higher doses of irradiation triggered a stress response in myoblasts, determined by increased levels of stress markers (HSPs 27 and 70). Conclusions. Our results show that myoblasts are sensitive to irradiation in terms of their proliferation capacity and capacity to secret IL-6. Since myoblast proliferation and differentiation are a key stage in muscle regeneration, this effect of irradiation needs to be taken in account, particularly in certain clinical conditions.

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