What sexual assault does to the brain? A longitudinal neuroimaging study

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wissam El Hage
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Assault ◽  
Neuroimaging Study ◽  
The Brain

scholarly journals Interwoven functionality of the brain’s action and language systems

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 231-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Véronique Boulenger ◽  
Tatjana A. Nazir
Keyword(s):  
Word Meaning ◽  
Masked Priming ◽  
Action Perception ◽  
Semantic Retrieval ◽  
Motor Action ◽  
Electrophysiological Studies ◽  
Neuroimaging Study ◽  
Action Verbs ◽  
The Brain

Theories of embodied cognition consider language understanding as intimately linked to sensory and motor processes. Here we review evidence from kinematic and electrophysiological studies for the idea that processing of words referring to bodily actions, even when subliminally presented, recruits the same motor regions that are involved in motor control. We further discuss the functional role of the motor system in action word retrieval in light of neuropsychological data showing modulation of masked priming effects for action verbs in Parkinson’s patients as a function of dopaminergic treatment. Finally, a neuroimaging study revealing semantic somatotopy in the motor cortex during reading of idioms that include action words is presented. Altogether these findings provide strong arguments that semantic mechanisms are grounded in action-perception systems of the brain. They support the existence of common brain signatures to action words, even when embedded in idiomatic sentences, and motor action. They further suggest that motor schemata reflecting word meaning contribute to lexico-semantic retrieval of action words.

Neuroimaging study of myotonic dystrophy. I. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain

1995 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshiaki Hashimoto ◽  
Masanobu Tayama ◽  
Masahito Miyazaki ◽  
Kazuyoshi Murakawa ◽  
Hisaomi Kawai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Myotonic Dystrophy ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Neuroimaging Study ◽  
The Brain

scholarly journals The brain, obesity and addiction: an EEG neuroimaging study

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dirk De Ridder ◽  
Patrick Manning ◽  
Sook Ling Leong ◽  
Samantha Ross ◽  
Wayne Sutherland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neuroimaging Study ◽  
The Brain

Number Forms in the Brain

2008 ◽  
Vol 20 (9) ◽  
pp. 1547-1556 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joey Tang ◽  
Jamie Ward ◽  
Brian Butterworth
Keyword(s):  
Neural Circuits ◽  
Cardinal Number ◽  
Cardinal Numbers ◽  
Number Magnitude ◽  
Neuroimaging Study ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
Important Extension ◽  
Anterior Intraparietal Sulcus ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Number Form

Mental images of number lines, Galton's “number forms” (NF), are a useful way of investigating the relation between number and space. Here we report the first neuroimaging study of number-form synesthesia, investigating 10 synesthetes with NFs going from left to right compared with matched controls. Neuroimaging with functional magnetic resonance imaging revealed no difference in brain activation during a task focused on number magnitude but, in a comparable task on number order, synesthetes showed additional activations in the left and right posterior intraparietal sulci, suggesting that NFs are essentially ordinal in nature. Our results suggest that there are separate but partially overlapping neural circuits for the processing of ordinal and cardinal numbers, irrespective of the presence of an NF, but a core region in the anterior intraparietal sulcus representing (cardinal) number meaning appears to be activated autonomously, irrespective of task. This article provides an important extension beyond previous studies that have focused on word-color or grapheme-color synesthesia.

scholarly journals Responses to Interaural Time Delay in Human Cortex

2008 ◽  
Vol 100 (5) ◽  
pp. 2712-2718 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katharina von Kriegstein ◽  
Timothy D. Griffiths ◽  
Sarah K. Thompson ◽  
David McAlpine
Keyword(s):  
Neural Representation ◽  
Center Frequency ◽  
Neural Activation ◽  
Interaural Time Differences ◽  
Human Cortex ◽  
Limit Model ◽  
Cortical Responses ◽  
Neuroimaging Study ◽  
Interaural Time Delay ◽  
The Brain

Humans use differences in the timing of sounds at the two ears to determine the location of a sound source. Various models have been posited for the neural representation of these interaural time differences (ITDs). These models make opposing predictions about the lateralization of ITD processing in the human brain. The weighted-image model predicts that sounds leading in time at one ear activate maximally the opposite brain hemisphere for all values of ITD. In contrast, the π-limit model assumes that ITDs beyond half the period of the stimulus center frequency are not explicitly encoded in the brain and that such “long” ITDs activate maximally the side of the brain to which the sound is heard. A previous neuroimaging study revealed activity in the human inferior colliculus consistent with the π-limit. Here we show that cortical responses to sounds with ITDs within the π-limit are in line with the predictions of both models. However, contrary to the immediate predictions of both models, neural activation is bilateral for “long” ITDs, despite these being perceived as clearly lateralized. Furthermore, processing of long ITDs leads to higher activation in cortex than processing of short ITDs. These data show that coding of ITD in cortex is fundamentally different from coding of ITD in the brain stem. We discuss these results in the context of the two models.

Stories Collectively Engage Listeners’ Brains: Enhanced Intersubject Correlations during Reception of Personal Narratives

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 332-355
Author(s):  
Clare Grall ◽  
Ron Tamborini ◽  
René Weber ◽  
Ralf Schmälzle
Keyword(s):  
Brain Activity ◽  
Personal Narratives ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Control Stimulus ◽  
Audience Engagement ◽  
Parietal Lobes ◽  
Neuroimaging Study ◽  
Language Control ◽  
Mediated Messages ◽  
The Brain

Abstract Audiences’ engagement with mediated messages lies at the center of media effects research. However, the neurocognitive components underlying audience engagement remain unclear. A neuroimaging study was conducted to determine whether personal narratives engage the brains of audience members more than non-narrative messages and to investigate the brain regions that facilitate this effect. Intersubject correlations of brain activity during message exposure showed that listening to personal narratives elicited strong audience engagement as evidenced by robust correlations across participants’ frontal and parietal lobes compared to a nonpersonal control text and a reversed language control stimulus. Thus, personal narratives were received and processed more consistently and reliably within specific brain regions. The findings contribute toward a biologically informed explanation for how personal narratives engage audiences to convey information.

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