<b>Aim:
</b>Our objective was to determine the
association of adipose tissue insulin resistance with longitudinal changes in biomarkers
of adipose tissue function, circulating lipids, and dysglycemia.
<div><p><b>Research
design and methods</b>: Adults at-risk for type
2 diabetes in the Prospective Metabolism and Islet Cell Evaluation (PROMISE) cohort
had up to four assessments over 9 years (n=468). Adipose tissue insulin
resistance was determined using a novel validated index, Adipo-IR, calculated as
the product of fasting insulin and non-esterified fatty acids measured at
baseline. Fasting serum was used to measure biomarkers of adipose tissue
function (adiponectin and sCD163), circulating lipids (total cholesterol, HDL,
LDL, TG), and systemic inflammation (Il-6 and TNF-α). Incident dysglycemia was
defined as the onset of impaired fasting glucose, impaired glucose tolerance,
or type 2 diabetes at follow-up. Generalized estimating equation (GEE) models
were used to assess the relationship of Adipo-IR with longitudinal outcomes.</p>
<p><b>Results</b>:
GEE analyses showed that elevated Adipo-IR was longitudinally associated with adipose
tissue dysfunction (adiponectin: -4.20%
(95%CI, -6.40 to –1.95); sCD163: 4.36% (95%CI, 1.73 – 7.06), HDL (-3.87% (95%CI, -5.15 to -2.57)) and TG
(9.26% (95%CI, 5.01 to 13.69)).
Adipo-IR was associated with increased risk of incident dysglycemia (OR=1.59;
95%CI, 1.09 to 2.31, per SD increase). Associations remained significant after
adjustment for waist circumference, and surrogate indices for insulin
resistance. There were no significant longitudinal associations of Adipo-IR with
Il-6, TNF-α, total cholesterol, or LDL.</p>
<p><b>Conclusion</b>:
Our findings demonstrate that adipose tissue insulin resistance is
prospectively associated with adipose tissue function, HDL, TG, and incident
dysglycemia.</p>
</div>
<b><br>
</b>
Ghrelin deficiency is associated with obesity, adipose tissue dysfunction and glucose variability in type 2 diabetes
