Depression, C-reactive protein, and insulin resistance are interconnected among Latinos with type 2 diabetes

Objective Whereas insulin resistance is expressed as reduced glucose uptake in peripheral tissues, the relationship between insulin resistance and brain glucose metabolism remains controversial. Our aim was to examine the association of insulin resistance and brain glucose uptake (BGU) during a euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp in a large sample of subjects across a wide range of age and insulin sensitivity. Research Design and Methods [18F]-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (PET) data from 194 subjects scanned under clamp conditions were compiled from a single-center cohort. BGU was quantified by the fractional uptake rate. We examined the association of age, sex, M value from the clamp, steady-state insulin and free fatty acids levels, C-reactive protein, HbA1c, and presence of type 2 diabetes with BGU using Bayesian hierarchical modeling. Results Insulin sensitivity, indexed by the M value, was associated negatively with BGU in all brain regions, confirming that in insulin resistant subjects BGU is enhanced during euglycemic hyperinsulinemia. In addition, the presence of type 2 diabetes was associated with a further increase in BGU. On the contrary, age was negatively related to BGU. Steady-state insulin levels, C-reactive protein, free fatty acids, sex, and HbA1c were not associated with BGU. Conclusions In this large cohort of subjects of either sex across a wide range of age and insulin sensitivity, insulin sensitivity is the best predictor of brain glucose uptake.

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Association of extracellular heat shock protein 70 and insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes; independent of obesity and C-reactive protein

Cell Stress and Chaperones ◽

10.1007/s12192-018-0942-x ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 24 (1) ◽

pp. 69-75 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Hamid Alemi ◽

Pegah Khaloo ◽

Soghra Rabizadeh ◽

Mohammad Ali Mansournia ◽

Hossein Mirmiranpour ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Insulin Resistance ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Heat Shock ◽

Heat Shock Protein ◽

Heat Shock Protein 70 ◽

C Reactive Protein ◽

Reactive Protein

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Association of elevated Interleukin-6 and C-reactive protein and low Interleukin-10 and adiponectin levels with insulin resistance in individuals with impaired glucose tolerance or type 2 diabetes

Experimental and Clinical Endocrinology & Diabetes ◽

10.1055/s-2004-819212 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 112 (S 1) ◽

Author(s):

M Blüher ◽

J Kratzsch ◽

M Fasshauer ◽

TD Wiesner ◽

R Paschke

Keyword(s):

Insulin Resistance ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Glucose Tolerance ◽

Impaired Glucose Tolerance ◽

Interleukin 6 ◽

Interleukin 10 ◽

C Reactive Protein ◽

Reactive Protein

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Abstract 020: C-reactive Protein As A Moderator And Insulin Resistance As A Mediator For The Association Between Endothelin-1 And Type 2 Diabetes Progression Among African Americans In The Jackson Heart Study

Circulation ◽

10.1161/circ.143.suppl_1.020 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 143 (Suppl_1) ◽

Author(s):

Xiang Gao ◽

Steven R Horbal ◽

Hao Fan ◽

Le Su ◽

Solomon K Musani ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Insulin Resistance ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

African Americans ◽

C Reactive Protein ◽

Reactive Protein ◽

Heart Study ◽

Diabetes Progression ◽

Adjusted Model ◽

Multivariable Adjusted Model

Objective: Little is known about the moderation and mediation factors among the association between endothelin-1 (ET-1) level and type 2 diabetes progression in African Americans. We explored the role of high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) as a moderator and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) as a mediator for the association between ET-1 level and type 2 diabetes progression among African Americans enrolled in the Jackson Heart Study (JHS). Methods: We included 1,692 participants free of prediabetes and diabetes at baseline, who attended Exam 1 of the JHS in 2000-2004 and Exam 3 in 2009-2013, and with measured ET-1 level at Exam 1. Incident prediabetes and diabetes were ascertained at Exam 3. We used a sequential regression model procedure. Zou’s modified Poisson multivariable models were used to calculate risk ratios (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for prediabetes and diabetes. Effect modification was assessed in the multivariable adjusted model. Valeri and VanderWeele’s mediation analysis approach was utilized to evaluate mediation. Results: A higher log-transformed ET-1 level was detected when comparing non-diabetes versus prediabetes and diabetes participants (p-value for trend = 0.03). Compared to quartile 1 (<0.9 pg/mL) of ET-1, quartile 2 (0.9-1.2 pg/mL) of ET-1 was significantly associated with higher risk of prediabetes (RR=1.19 [95% CI 1.02, 1.38]) and diabetes (RR=1.19 [95% CI 1.02, 1.40]). This association only remained significant for diabetes in the multivariable adjusted model (RR=1.20 [95% CI 1.02, 1.40]) and was not attenuated after adjusted for hsCRP (RR=1.20 [95% CI 1.03, 1.40]), HOMA-IR (RR=1.20 [95% CI 1.02, 1.40]), and both hsCRP and HOMA-IR (RR=1.20 [95% CI 1.03, 1.40]) in quartile 2 of ET-1.The risk of elevated ET-1 level on diabetes was higher in participants with increased hsCRP level in the multivariable adjusted model (RR=1.06 [95% CI 1.02, 1.09]), and further adjusted for HOMA-IR (RR=1.06 [95% CI 1.02, 1.09]. The indirect effect of ET-1 on prediabetes through HOMA-IR is 0.96 (P<0.01), but not found for hsCRP (p=0.26). The total effect of ET-1 on prediabetes mediated by HOMA-IR is 47%. No such mediation effect of HOMA-IR was found among diabetes participants. Conclusions: African Americans with higher ET-1 levels have a higher risk of prediabetes and diabetes. Additionally, the risk of diabetes is elevated among those African Americans with increased hsCRP levels. The mediation analysis result supports that ET-1 is involved in the stage of glucose metabolism imbalances leading to diabetes progression.

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