1651 - Metabolic functions and evolution of microbial communities during the maize straw composting

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huawei Wei ◽  
Bing Xie
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Metabolic Functions ◽  
Maize Straw

scholarly journals Habitat Elevation Shapes Microbial Community Composition and Alter the Metabolic Functions in Wild Sable (Martes zibellina) Guts

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 865
Author(s):  
Lantian Su ◽  
Xinxin Liu ◽  
Guangyao Jin ◽  
Yue Ma ◽  
Haoxin Tan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Community Composition ◽  
16S Rrna Genes ◽  
Rrna Genes ◽  
Functional Genes ◽  
Martes Zibellina ◽  
Clear Cutting ◽  
Metabolic Functions

In recent decades, wild sable (Carnivora Mustelidae Martes zibellina) habitats, which are often natural forests, have been squeezed by anthropogenic disturbances such as clear-cutting, tilling and grazing. Sables tend to live in sloped areas with relatively harsh conditions. Here, we determine effects of environmental factors on wild sable gut microbial communities between high and low altitude habitats using Illumina Miseq sequencing of bacterial 16S rRNA genes. Our results showed that despite wild sable gut microbial community diversity being resilient to many environmental factors, community composition was sensitive to altitude. Wild sable gut microbial communities were dominated by Firmicutes (relative abundance 38.23%), followed by Actinobacteria (30.29%), and Proteobacteria (28.15%). Altitude was negatively correlated with the abundance of Firmicutes, suggesting sable likely consume more vegetarian food in lower habitats where plant diversity, temperature and vegetation coverage were greater. In addition, our functional genes prediction and qPCR results demonstrated that energy/fat processing microorganisms and functional genes are enriched with increasing altitude, which likely enhanced metabolic functions and supported wild sables to survive in elevated habitats. Overall, our results improve the knowledge of the ecological impact of habitat change, providing insights into wild animal protection at the mountain area with hash climate conditions.

scholarly journals Profiling the microbial community structure and functional diversity of a dam-regulated river undergoing gravel bar restoration

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joeselle M. Serrana ◽  
Bin Li ◽  
Tetsuya Sumi ◽  
Yasuhiro Takemon ◽  
Kozo Watanabe
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Community Composition ◽  
Beta Diversity ◽  
Environmental Heterogeneity ◽  
Trinity River ◽  
Metabolic Functions ◽  
Gravel Bars ◽  
Gravel Bar ◽  
The Trinity

AbstractBackgroundRiver restoration efforts are expected to influence and change the diversity and functions of microbial communities following the recovery of habitat characteristics in the river ecosystem. The recreation or restoration of gravel bars in the Trinity River in California aims to rehabilitate the environmental heterogeneity downstream of the dam impounded channel. Here, we profiled the community composition, estimated diversity, and annotated putative metabolic functions of the sediment microbial communities to assess whether the construction and restoration of gravel bars in the Trinity River in California enhanced environmental heterogeneity, with the increase in the microbial beta diversity of these in-channel structures against the free-flowing reach of the main channel with comparison to its undisturbed tributaries.ResultsMicrobial community composition of the free-flowing (i.e., no gravel bars) communities were relatively closer regardless of dam influence, whereas the Trinity River gravel bar and tributaries’ gravel bar communities were highly dissimilar. Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Acidobacteria were the highly abundant sediment microbial phyla on most sites, specifically in the Trinity River gravel bar communities. Putative functional annotation of microbial taxa revealed that chemoheterotrophy and aerobic chemoheterotrophy were the most prevalent microbial processes, with the Trinity River gravel bars having relatively higher representations. The considerably large abundance of heterotrophic taxa implies that gravel bars provide suitable areas for heterotrophic microorganisms with metabolic functions contributing to the net respiration in the river.ConclusionsOur results provide supporting evidence on the positive impact of habitat restoration being conducted in the Trinity River with the non-dam influenced, undisturbed tributaries as the basis of comparison. Gravel bar recreation and restoration contributed to the increased microbial biodiversity through the restoration of environmental heterogeneity at the river scale. We provided valuable insights into the potential microbial processes in the sediment that might be contributing to the biogeochemical processes carried out by the microbial communities in the Trinity River. The significant positive correlation between the functional diversity of the identified microbial taxa and beta diversity suggests that differences in the detected metabolic functions were closely related to dissimilarities in community composition.

scholarly journals Multivariate statistical techniques for metagenomic analysis of microbial community recovered from environmental samples

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 45-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z Akond ◽  
M Alam ◽  
MS Ahmed ◽  
MNH Mollah
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Microbial Mats ◽  
Statistical Techniques ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Linear Discriminant ◽  
Metabolic Functions ◽  
Metabolic Variables ◽  
Next Generation Sequencing Ngs ◽  
Generation Sequencing ◽  
Shed Light

High-throughput big dataset generated through next generation sequencing (NGS) of DNA samples helps identify key differences in the function and taxonomy between microbial communities as well as shed light on the diversity of microbes, cooperation and evolution in any particular ecosystem. During this study, three statistical techniques namely, Random Forest (RF), Multidimensional Scaling (MDS) and Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) approaches were employed for functional analysis of 212 publicly available metagenomic datasets within and between 10 environments against 27 metabolic functions. RF generates the 8 most important metabolic variables along with MDS and LDA among which Photosynthesis has the highest score (70.20); Phages, prophages has the second highest score (61.31) and Membrane Transport was found to have the eighth highest score (45.29). The MDS plot was found useful to visualize the separation of the microbes from human or animal hosts from other samples along the first dimension and the separation of the aquatic and mat communities along the second dimension. LDA analyses compared the extent of the microbial samples into three broad groups: the human and animal associated samples, the microbial mats, and the aquatic samples. RF showed that phage activity is a major difference between host-associated microbial communities and free-living. The MDS and LDA techniques suggest that mat communities were unique from both the animal associated metagenomes and the aquatic samples with differences in the vitamin and cofactor metabolism.J. bio-sci. 24: 45-53, 2016

scholarly journals Metabolic tuning of a stable microbial community in the surface oligotrophic Indian Ocean revealed by integrated meta-omics

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhang-Xian Xie ◽  
Ke-Qiang Yan ◽  
Ling-Fen Kong ◽  
Ying-Bao Gai ◽  
Tao Jin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Fine Tuning ◽  
Metabolic Potential ◽  
Environmental Forcing ◽  
Metabolic Functions ◽  
Microbial Response ◽  
The Stability ◽  
And Function

AbstractUnderstanding the mechanisms, structuring microbial communities in oligotrophic ocean surface waters remains a major ecological endeavor. Functional redundancy and metabolic tuning are two mechanisms that have been proposed to shape microbial response to environmental forcing. However, little is known about their roles in the oligotrophic surface ocean due to less integrative characterization of community taxonomy and function. Here, we applied an integrated meta-omics-based approach, from genes to proteins, to investigate the microbial community of the oligotrophic northern Indian Ocean. Insignificant spatial variabilities of both genomic and proteomic compositions indicated a stable microbial community that was dominated by Prochlorococcus, Synechococcus, and SAR11. However, fine tuning of some metabolic functions that are mainly driven by salinity and temperature was observed. Intriguingly, a tuning divergence occurred between metabolic potential and activity in response to different environmental perturbations. Our results indicate that metabolic tuning is an important mechanism for sustaining the stability of microbial communities in oligotrophic oceans. In addition, integrated meta-omics provides a powerful tool to comprehensively understand microbial behavior and function in the ocean.

scholarly journals Temporal and spatial mediated changes in subsurface microbial community assemblages and functions

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madison C. Davis
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Community Change ◽  
Central Florida ◽  
Bioinformatic Tools ◽  
Metabolic Functions ◽  
Large Perturbation ◽  
Groundwater Ecosystems ◽  
Community Assemblages ◽  
Temporal And Spatial

Abstract. Groundwater ecosystems can host different habitats with unique microbial assemblages and functions. Although groundwater microbes are important to subsurface processes, little is known about the drivers of change in these communities. Illumina sequencing and bioinformatic tools were used to examine whether different groundwater zones could have the same patterns of microbial community change over a two-year period. Five different groundwater zones from Hospital Hole, a stratified sinkhole in west-central Florida, were used in this study since they have been previously shown to host distinct microbial communities. Seasonal patterns of microbial community assemblages and potential metabolic functions were not identified in the sinkhole communities. Different physicochemical parameters correlated to microbial community change within each zone. Local hydrogeology appears to play an important role in subsurface microbial community change since Hurricane Irma and seasonal turnover events did not appear to cause a large perturbation in the microbial communities. Nutrient availability and local hydrogeochemistry appear to be important drivers of microbial community change in the subsurface.

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