Antiviral agents (II). Hepatic viruses and viral hepatitis management

Farmacist ro ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (194) ◽  
pp. 8
Author(s):  
Cristina Daniela Marineci ◽  
Cornel Chiriţă ◽  
Emil Ștefănescu ◽  
Anca Zanfirescu ◽  
Oana-Cristina Şeremet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Antiviral Agents

scholarly journals Stem Cell-Derived Hepatocyte-Like Cells as Model for Viral Hepatitis Research

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingjing Wang ◽  
Bingqian Qu ◽  
Fang Zhang ◽  
Cindy Zhang ◽  
Wanyan Deng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis A ◽  
Antiviral Agents ◽  
Host Interactions ◽  
Obligate Intracellular ◽  
Culture Systems ◽  
Culture Models ◽  
Cell Culture Models ◽  
Efficient Viral Replication

Viral hepatitis, the leading cause of liver diseases worldwide, is induced upon infection with hepatotropic viruses, including hepatitis A, B, C, D, and E virus. Due to their obligate intracellular lifestyles, culture systems for efficient viral replication are vital. Although basic and translational research on viral hepatitis has been performed for many years, conventional hepatocellular culture systems are not optimal. These studies have greatly benefited from recent efforts on improving cell culture models for virus replication and infection studies. Here we summarize the use of human stem cell-derived hepatocyte-like cells for hepatotropic virus infection studies, including the dissection of virus-host interactions and virus-induced pathogenesis as well as the identification and validation of novel antiviral agents.

scholarly journals Viral hepatitis in hemodialysis: An update

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 93-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bassam Bernieh
Keyword(s):  
Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Antiviral Agents ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Hepatitis G Virus ◽  
Tt Virus ◽  
Direct Acting Antiviral ◽  
Hcv Transmission ◽  
Virus C ◽  
Direct Acting

AbstractHepatitis outbreaks in hemodialysis (HD) patients and staff were reported in the late 1960s, and a number of hepatotropic viruses transmitted by blood and other body fluids have been identified. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) was the first significant hepatotropic virus to be identified in HD centers. HBV infection has been effectively controlled by active vaccination, screening of blood donors, the use of erythropoietin and segregation of HBV carriers. Hepatitis delta virus is a defective virus that can only infect HBV-positive individuals. Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is the most significant cause of non-A, non-B hepatitis and is mainly transmitted by blood transfusion. The introduction in 1990 of routine screening of blood donors for HCV contributed significantly to the control of HCV transmission. An effective HCV vaccine remains an unsolved challenge; however, pegylation of interferon-alfa has made it possible to treat HCV-positive dialysis patients. Unexplained sporadic outbreaks of hepatitis by the mid-1990s prompted the discovery of hepatitis G virus, hepatitis GB virus C and the TT virus. The vigilant observation of guidelines on universal precaution and regular virologic testing are the cornerstones of the effective control of chronic hepatitis in the setting of HD. Major recent advances in the viral diagnosis technology and the development of new oral, direct-acting antiviral agents allow early diagnosis and better therapeutic response. The current update will review the recent developments, controversies and new treatment of viral hepatitis in HD patients.

scholarly journals A Review on the Management of Chronic Hepatitis B and C Infection

2017 ◽  
Vol II (I) ◽  
pp. 59-62
Author(s):  
Marriam Zahid
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Liver Enzymes ◽  
Antiviral Agents ◽  
Future Developments ◽  
Viral Antigens ◽  
Viral Hepatitis C ◽  
Viral Hepatitis B ◽  
Causes Of Disease ◽  
Specific Antigens

Viral hepatitis B and Viral hepatitis C are one of the leading causes of disease and death in the present-day world. These viruses greatly affect the liver by causing inflammation, cirrhosis, fibrosis, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and even causes the death of affected individuals. It requires highly cautious treatment to resolve complications associated with it, including abnormal levels of serological molecules of specific antigens, antibodies and liver enzymes. The treatment involves the use of antiviral agents that fight against viral antigens, reverses the progression of the disease and also prevents morbidity. Further reading takes towards the development of safe and effective antiviral agents and other regimens for lessening complications and ensuring patient compliance. Moreover, vaccines are also available that fight against the virus and act to prevent the emergence of viral hepatitis. Future developments are today in clinical trials to produce safer and efficacious agents to combat and prevent this disease.

scholarly journals Direct Acting Antivirals for the Treatment of Chronic Viral Hepatitis

Scientifica ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Karayiannis
Keyword(s):  
Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Antiviral Agents ◽  
Standard Of Care ◽  
Pegylated Interferon ◽  
Chronic Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Future Perspectives ◽  
Direct Acting Antivirals ◽  
Current State ◽  
Direct Acting

The development and evaluation of antiviral agents through carefully designed clinical trials over the last 25 years have heralded a new dawn in the treatment of patients chronically infected with the hepatitis B and C viruses, but not so for the D virus (HBV, HCV, and HDV). The introduction of direct acting antivirals (DDAs) for the treatment of HBV carriers has permitted the long-term use of these compounds for the continuous suppression of viral replication, whilst in the case of HCV in combination with the standard of care [SOC, pegylated interferon (PegIFN), and ribavirin] sustained virological responses (SVRs) have been achieved with increasing frequency. Progress in the case of HDV has been slow and lacking in significant breakthroughs.This paper aims to summarise the current state of play in treatment approaches for chonic viral hepatitis patients and future perspectives.

scholarly journals Etiological and pathogenetic aspects of diagnosis and treatment of viral hepatitides

2013 ◽  
Vol 94 (6) ◽  
pp. 785-792 ◽  
Author(s):  
V Kh Fazylov
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Antiviral Treatment ◽  
Antiviral Agents ◽  
Bacterial Overgrowth ◽  
Chronic Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Primary Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Metabolic Correction

The commencement address highlights the results of the long-term scientific research of the department of infectious diseases of the Kazan State Medical University on the problems of viral hepatitides diagnosis, treatment and prevention. The era of research of the acute viral hepatitides was based primarily on the clinical and biochemical differential diagnosis, considering epidemiologic data and specific prevention (vaccination) of hepatitis A and B. The development of modern technologies opened up new opportunities for etiologic decoding and morphologic evaluation of the infectious process activity in chronic viral hepatitis B, D and C. The results of hepatitis B and C genotyping, opening new opportunities for epidemiologic evaluation of their prevalence and antiviral treatment efficacy prediction, especially in family settings, are presented. A serious contribution is made to the study of latent HBV-infection, which is forming the long-term outcomes to cirrhosis and primary hepatocellular carcinoma. Pathogenetic connection of the systemic endotoxinemia, gastrointestinal bacterial overgrowth syndrome and immune dysfunction defined the morphologic and clinical and pathogenetic activity of the chronic viral hepatitis considering its molecular biologic verification. Contemporary diagnostics of chronic viral hepatitis (including HIV-coinfection) allowed to obtain the encouraging results in the development of the modern methods of antiviral (interferone, cytokines, nucle-os(t)ide analogs) and pathogenetic (metabolic correction - dimethyloxobuthylphosphonyldimethylate (dimephosphon), medical ozone, hepatoprotectors) treatment, in perspective - clinical use of direct antiviral agents (inhibitors of protease, polymerase etc.).

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