Viral hepatitis: an occupational hazard of medical personnel. Experience of the Yalenew Haven Hospital, 1952 to 1965

Background. Psychiatric hospitals, where patients with immunodeficiency often do not comply with basic preventive measures, as well as receiving a wide range of medical procedures, including parenteral ones, are the institutions of high risk of socially significant infections spreading.The aim was to study the current epidemiological features of parenteral hepatitis among various categories of mentally ill patients (with pulmonary tuberculosis and HIV infection) and medical personnel in a large psychiatric hospital.Materials and methods. Serological markers of hepatitis B (HB) and hepatitis C (HC) were determined in 8352 patients and 542 employees of a large psychiatric hospital using domestic diagnostic test systems.Results. Markers of HB and HC among patients were revealed in 7.2% of persons (HB — 2.8%, HC — 3.1%, and HB+HC — 1.4%). The analysis of sex, age and social characteristics of HBVand HCV-patients was conducted. Markers of HC were significantly more common in HIV-infected patients (44.4% of individuals); the main routes of transmission of HB and HC were intravenous drug use and sexual intercourse. Among patients with pulmonary tuberculosis, the maximum number of persons was found with markers of HB (44.3%) and HB+HC (38.2%); the main clinical form of pulmonary tuberculosis was represented by the infiltrative form (60.4%); in 53,7% of cases the bacillary forms were identified that pose a serious epidemiological risk in the spread of tuberculosis in the hospital. Analysis of the social structure showed that HBV+HC+HIV and pulmonary tuberculosis are characteristics of persons with aggravated social status. The most frequent factors of infection with HBV and HCV were longterm parenteral loading and intravenous drug use. The greatest factor of parenteral load was observed in mentally ill patients diagnosed with HB+HC accompanying tuberculosis. It was shown that the frequency of HBV and HCV markers detection among medical personnel depends on the department profile, work duration, frequency and risk of contact with blood during professional activity.Conclusion. A high level of comorbidity of mental disorders and socially significant infectious diseases (HIV infection, tuberculosis and HB and HC) has been established, which has a significant impact on the epidemic process of these infections. Preventive programmes established in hospitals and in the territories they serve should take into account their comorbidity. The necessity of specific and non-specific prevention of viral hepatitis in patients and medical staff of psychiatric hospitals is shown.

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Analysis of postvaccinal immunity against viral hepatitis B in medical personnel

Sanitarnyj vrač (Sanitary Inspector) ◽

10.33920/med-08-2002-01 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 9-14

Author(s):

L. Galitsina ◽

I. Sitnikov

Keyword(s):

Immune Response ◽

Hepatitis B ◽

Viral Hepatitis ◽

Medical Staff ◽

Medical Personnel ◽

Professional Activity ◽

Post Vaccination ◽

Viral Hepatitis B

The intensity and duration of preservation of the immune response to viral hepatitis B after vaccination among the medical staff of the polyclinic was studied. Some features of postvaccinal immunity in medical staff were revealed. In 39.2 % of the surveyed, postvaccinal antibodies were not detected or their level was lower than protective, which is the basis for a course of vaccinations against the HV virus in this group of persons in the absence of contraindications for vaccination. The intensity of post-vaccination immunity to the HV virus among different groups of medical personnel of the polyclinic depends on the type of professional activity.

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Prevalence of parenteral viral hepatitis as a professional disease in medical workers in the Northwestern Federal District

Russian Journal of Occupational Health and Industrial Ecology ◽

10.31089/1026-9428-2021-61-5-324-329 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 61 (5) ◽

pp. 324-329

Author(s):

Nikolay N. Petrukhin ◽

Oleg N. Andreenko ◽

Ivan V. Boyko

Keyword(s):

Hepatitis B ◽

Viral Hepatitis ◽

Occupational Diseases ◽

Health Workers ◽

Federal District ◽

Medical Personnel ◽

Hcv Infection ◽

Biological Factor ◽

Leningrad Region ◽

Risk Of Infection

Currently, the problem of parenteral viral hepatitis HBV and HCV has become extremely urgent due to an increase in morbidity, an increase in the number of patients with chronic forms of infection, and high mortality rates from complications. The aim of the study consists in considering the level of prevalence of the incidence of hepatitis viruses HBV and HCV among medical personnel in the Northwestern Federal District (NWFD), assessing the potential risk of infecting this group of workers while performing their professional duties. Analyzed the reporting forms of the FBUZ «Center for Hygiene and Epidemiology in the Leningrad Region» on the frequency of detection of the surface antigen of the hepatitis B virus (HBsAg) and antibodies to viral hepatitis C (anti-HCV) among various population groups in 2009-2017; form No. 60/u FBUZ Center for Hygiene and Epidemiology in the city of St. Petersburg on the registration of primary cases of hepatitis among the population of St. Petersburg for 2007-2017. Retrospective analysis of a sample from the medical history of 227 patients with established occupational diseases (PD) from the influence of a biological factor. As a result of the study, it was found that out of 227 health workers in the Northwestern Federal District, viral hepatitis B and C were officially diagnosed in 4 patients, which is 1.7% of all established cases of occupational diseases (3 doctors and 1 nurse). In the Leningrad region for the period from 2009 to 2015, the incidence of the hepatitis virus HBV among medical personnel varied in the range of 0.1-0.3 per 10,000 people. The morbidity rate of hospital patients was significantly higher, which created a certain risk of infection of health workers in the process of work. But at the same time, over 6 years, the incidence of HCV infection among medical personnel has halved from (0.2 in 2009 to 0.1 in 2015). The incidence of MR in the NWFD with viral hepatitis HBV and HCV is not high among the entire population as a whole and in a number of individual groups of the population (pregnant women and patients admitted to the hospital for planned surgical interventions), but and at the current level of disease, the registration of all 4 patients with an officially established diagnosis of occupational hepatitis over 17 years suggests the presence of significant shortcomings in the system of investigating the causes of hepatitis MR virus HBV and HCV infection. In particular, it seems expedient when registering a case of blood contact hepatitis in MR, to record in the reporting documents not only his profession and place of work, but also his specialty with an indication of the risk of infection that existed in the process of work when in contact with the blood of patients.

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ПРОФЕССИОНАЛЬНАЯ ЗАБОЛЕВАЕМОСТЬ МЕДИЦИНСКИХ РАБОТНИКОВ ПРИМОРСКОГО КРАЯ (2005-2014 ГГ.)

Hygiene and Sanitation ◽

10.18821/0016-9900-2017-96-3-258-260 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 96 (3) ◽

pp. 258-260

Author(s):

M. V. Bektasova ◽

V. A. Kaptsov ◽

A. A. Sheparev

Keyword(s):

Hepatitis B ◽

Viral Hepatitis ◽

Medical Staff ◽

Health Workers ◽

Medical Personnel ◽

Morbidity Rate ◽

Primorsky Krai ◽

Latex Gloves ◽

Medical Institutions ◽

Viral Hepatitis B

The level of occupational morbidity rate of medical workers in governmental and multidisciplinary infectious medical institutions of the Primorsky Krai was studied according to reporting forms for the period of 2005-2014. The aim of the study was to investigate occupational morbidity rate of medical personnel to improve the management of health workers and to develop preventive programs for its reduction. Annual surveys of the medical staff for the carriage of viral hepatitis B, C, vaccinal prevention of hepatitis B; reduction of the use of chlorine-containing disinfectants; replacing latex gloves by nitrile, vinyl hypoallergenic medical gloves to protect hands of personnel allowed to significantly reduce the occupational morbidity rate.

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Awareness assessment for viral hepatitis among patients in different departments of medical institutions and students.

Journal of Education, Health and Sport ◽

10.12775/jehs.2021.11.05.019 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (5) ◽

pp. 185-196

Author(s):

A. M. Loboda ◽

N. G. Malysh ◽

O. K. Melekhovets ◽

O. M. Chemych ◽

V. I. Mogylenko ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hepatitis B ◽

Infectious Diseases ◽

Viral Hepatitis ◽

Causative Agent ◽

Reference Group ◽

Medical Personnel ◽

Medical Institute ◽

Full Time ◽

Surgical Department ◽

Clinical Hospital

The significant spread of chronic viral hepatitis in Ukraine and the whole world, an increase in the incidence of medical personnel, and the lack of wariness of the population regarding the diseases of this group make it necessary to have a statistical analysis of the etiology, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of viral hepatitis among different population groups.Aim. To study and analyze the awareness about viral hepatitis B (HBV) and C (HCV) of patients who undergo treatment in various departments (infectious, surgical, therapeutic) and the students who didn't take the course of infectious diseases.Materials and methods. A questionnaire was developed to establish the level of awareness among patients with viral hepatitis. The study was conducted through a sociological survey (full-time, one-time, individual) with the preservation of confidentiality conditions. The study was conducted in the infectious department of Sumy Regional Infectious Diseases Clinical Hospital named after ZY Krasovitsky, Surgical Department of Sumy City Clinical Hospital №5, therapeutic department of Sumy Regional Clinical Hospital of the 4th year of Sumy State University Medical Institute in 2019. In total, 147 people took part in the survey: 20 were in treatment at the therapeutic ward, 20 - in the surgical ward, 20 - in the infectious diseases department, and 20 - 4th-year students.Conclusions. Viral hepatitis is currently one of the most pressing health problems. It is used for the sociological survey we developed to determine the level of knowledge of the population about the causative agent of viral hepatitis, transmission, prevention (not specific and specific), clinical features, laboratory methods of diagnosis, and treatment.Among all the surveyed results, recipients gave most of the correct answers to questions about the causative agent of viral hepatitis and transmission routes. The worst known are patients in the surgical wards about the presence of an effective hepatitis B vaccine (20.00%); patients of infectious and therapeutic wards (20.00% each) and 4th-year students (25.00%) - about the presence of effective hepatitis C therapy; (95.00%) and a reference group of physicians (100.00%) on the etiology of viral hepatitis. Patients in surgical wards (84.30%) answered the most frequently asked questions about the ways of transmission of viral hepatitis.

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Viral hepatitis: an occupational hazard to surgeons

JAMA ◽

10.1001/jama.223.4.395 ◽

1973 ◽

Vol 223 (4) ◽

pp. 395-400 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

J. L. Rosenberg

Keyword(s):

Viral Hepatitis ◽

Occupational Hazard

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Monitoring of accidents with exposure to blood among medical workers of the Republic of Tatarstan

Practical medicine ◽

10.32000/2072-1757-2020-6-150-154 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 18 (6) ◽

pp. 150-154

Author(s):

A. I. LOKOTKOVA ◽

◽

I. A. BULYCHEVA ◽

O. G. NOVIKOVA ◽

E. Kh. MAMKEEV ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hepatitis B ◽

Viral Hepatitis ◽

Medical Personnel ◽

Healthcare Personnel ◽

Post Vaccination ◽

Surgical Interventions ◽

Safety Issues ◽

Serological Examination ◽

Viral Hepatitis B ◽

The Republic

Healthcare personnel are most at risk than any other profession regarding blood-borne infections due to their nature of work. The purpose is to determine the frequency and structure of accidents with blood exposure among the personnel of surgical and operating departments of two republican medical organizations in Kazan; to analyze the level of post-vaccination immunity to viral hepatitis B. Material and methods. We analyzed the data of accidents with blood exposure from registers in 2016–2018. The total amount of investigated medical personnel was 1673: doctors — 465, nurses — 1009 and nurse aids — 199. The personnel (n = 1474) was questioned about the accidents with blood exposure. Selective serological examination of 197 medical personnel for viral hepatitis B antibodies was conducted using the ELISA method (certified commercial test systems manufactured by Vektor-Best CJSC). Results. The frequency of accidents with blood exposure ranged from 7,4 to 10,5 per 1000 medical personnel. Nurses were exposed to blood-borne infections more frequently than other professions. The largest number of accidents with blood exposure is registered during surgical interventions. Most accidents with blood exposure are related to punctures (pricks) with injection and suture needles. However, according to the survey results, every third employee noted accidents with blood exposure over the past 5 years. Medical workers explain the lack of proper registration by fear of punishment and confidence in the post-vaccination immunity to the hepatitis B virus. Nevertheless, according to the serological monitoring results, 49,7% of medical personnel do not have the protective titer. Conclusion. Medical organizations should implement effective systems for monitoring and training medical personnel on epidemiological safety issues.

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