Local Anesthetics – Substances with Multiple Application in Medicine

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 17
Author(s):  
Rodica Sîrbu ◽  
Emin Cadar ◽  
Cezar Laurențiu Tomescu ◽  
Cristina Luiza Erimia ◽  
Stelian Paris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Medical Care ◽  
Local Anesthesia ◽  
Short Duration ◽  
Local Anesthetic ◽  
Local Anesthetics ◽  
Nerve Roots ◽  
Nervous Control ◽  
Painful Sensation ◽  
Action Groups

Local anesthetics are substances which, by local action groups on the runners, cause loss of reversible a painful sensation, delimited corresponding to the application. They allow small surgery, short in duration and the endoscopic maneuvers. May be useful in soothe teething pain of short duration and in the locking of the nervous disorders in medical care. Local anesthesia is a process useful for the carrying out of surgery and of endoscopic maneuvers, to soothe teething pain in certain conditions, for depriving the temporary structures peripheral nervous control. Reversible locking of the transmission nociceptive, the set of the vegetative and with a local anesthetic at the level of the innervations peripheral nerve, roots and runners, a trunk nervous, around the components of a ganglion or coolant is cefalorahidian practice anesthesia loco-regional. Local anesthetics summary and semi-summary have multiple applications in dentistry, consulting, surgery and obstetrics, constituting "weapons" very useful in the fight against the pain.

Local Anesthetics – Substances with Multiple Application in Medicine

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 17
Author(s):  
Rodica Sîrbu ◽  
Emin Cadar ◽  
Cezar Laurențiu Tomescu ◽  
Cristina Luiza Erimia ◽  
Stelian Paris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Medical Care ◽  
Local Anesthesia ◽  
Short Duration ◽  
Local Anesthetic ◽  
Local Anesthetics ◽  
Nerve Roots ◽  
Nervous Control ◽  
Painful Sensation ◽  
Action Groups

Local anesthetics are substances which, by local action groups on the runners, cause loss of reversible a painful sensation, delimited corresponding to the application. They allow small surgery, short in duration and the endoscopic maneuvers. May be useful in soothe teething pain of short duration and in the locking of the nervous disorders in medical care. Local anesthesia is a process useful for the carrying out of surgery and of endoscopic maneuvers, to soothe teething pain in certain conditions, for depriving the temporary structures peripheral nervous control. Reversible locking of the transmission nociceptive, the set of the vegetative and with a local anesthetic at the level of the innervations peripheral nerve, roots and runners, a trunk nervous, around the components of a ganglion or coolant is cefalorahidian practice anesthesia loco-regional. Local anesthetics summary and semi-summary have multiple applications in dentistry, consulting, surgery and obstetrics, constituting "weapons" very useful in the fight against the pain.

scholarly journals A simple calculation of the maximum dose of the local anesthetic in pediatric dentistry with nomogram in Serbian

2021 ◽  
pp. 22-22
Author(s):  
Rasa Mladenovic
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Local Anesthesia ◽  
Local Anesthetic ◽  
Local Anesthetics ◽  
Maximum Dose ◽  
Simple Calculation ◽  
Pediatric Dentistry ◽  
Special Importance ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Graphical Tool

Clinicians should identify the risks associated with the use of anesthetics and understand the maximum recommended doses of local anesthetics. Errors in calculating the dose of local anesthetics are common due to the widespread use of these agents. Different methods of calculating the dose of the drug have different advantages and disadvantages, and no method can guarantee a calculation without errors. Nomogram is a simple graphical tool on which one can read the result of arithmetic operations with given numbers. The nomogram for calculating the maximum dose of local anesthetic enables quick cross-checking of the calculation, based on the patient's age or body weight. They are of special importance in the application of local anesthesia in children.

The most common complications of local anesthesia in pregnant women in dental practice

2021 ◽  
pp. 45-49
Author(s):  
K.S. Poliakova ◽  
N.A. Kovalev ◽  
N.V. Lavrov
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Local Anesthesia ◽  
Local Anesthetic ◽  
Local Anesthetics ◽  
Dental Education ◽  
Dental Students ◽  
Dental Practice ◽  
Sociological Study ◽  
Anesthetic Drugs

The article presents the results of a sociological study to identify the variability and frequency of complications caused by the use of local anesthetic drugs in pregnant women at the stomatological appointment. The study was conducted using a Google Forms application based on dental education sites on social media. 155 dentists of various specialties took part in the survey. According to the data obtained, among the doctors participating in the study, 70.3% faced complications of local anesthesia in pregnant women. The most common complications are from the nervous (n=54) and cardiovascular (n=19) systems. Some of them can be attributed to the manifestations of the psychogenic reaction of patients to the introduction of local anesthetic drugs, and not to the immediate undesirable effects of anesthetics. Taking into account the results obtained and the data of literature sources, recommendations are given to prevent the development of complications in pregnant patients from the introduction of local anesthetics. Recommendations can be useful for dentists and dental students.

Znieczulenie miejscowe u pacjentów w wieku rozwojowym

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Kołakowska ◽  
Anna Pigan
Keyword(s):  
Local Anesthesia ◽  
Local Anesthetic ◽  
Local Anesthetics ◽  
Daily Practice ◽  
Anesthetic Techniques ◽  
International Guidelines ◽  
Anesthetic Agents ◽  
Controlled Systems ◽  
Computer Controlled ◽  
The Right

The article is based on the analysis of the literature and the latest international guidelines of dental associations in order to systematize the knowledge of doctors. The paper discusses local anesthetic agents such as lignocaine, benzocaine, articaine or mepivacaine, many times used in daily practice by dentists. Various anesthetic techniques, including computer-controlled systems for administering anesthesia, are described in the publication. The topic of teething preparations containing anesthetics and the risks associated with their use were also discussed, so that dentists could warn against their use of carers and parents of children and thus reduce the number of complications after their use. Contraindications to the use of analgesia have been presented and the complications that may occur after their administration have been characterized, thanks to which the right choice of the appropriate agent for analgesia will reduce the risk of possible complications after local anesthesia. The authors hope that after reading the article, doctors will be confident in using the benefits of local anesthetics.

Strategies to Optimize the Efficacy of Regional Anesthesia

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremy Pearl ◽  
Pedram Aleshi
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Local Anesthetic ◽  
Local Anesthetics ◽  
Mode Of Delivery ◽  
Intermittent Bolus ◽  
Risks And Benefits ◽  
Anesthetic Concentration ◽  
Few Data ◽  
Labor Epidural ◽  
Analgesic Potency

The mode of delivery of epidural solutions has progressed from clinician-delivered boluses, to automated continuous epidural infusions and the addition of patient-controlled epidural analgesia (PCEA), and now to programmed intermittent epidural boluses (PIEBs) in addition to PCEA. Currently, there is promising evidence for the use of combination PIEB and PCEA to minimize additional bolus requirements and reduce the amount of local anesthetic consumed, as well as improved patient satisfaction. There are few data regarding this mode of delivery in peripheral nerve catheters. The existing data in the peripheral nerve catheters do not show a clear advantage for the use of the programmed intermittent bolus (PIB) method. More studies are needed in various peripheral nerve/fascia plane blocks to answer this question. Studies looking at the median effective dose in 50% of patients of local anesthetics for labor epidurals (minimum local anesthetic concentration [MLAC]) have allowed the comparison of the relative potency of different local anesthetics. Even though the absolute numbers are not useful, we know that ropivacaine is only 60% as potent as bupivacaine for its analgesic potency and development of motor block, so it provides no advantage over bupivacaine for the labor epidural setting. MLAC studies have also allowed the study of adjuvants and their effect on labor analgesia. Fentanyl, epinephrine, and clonidine have been studied, showing significant local anesthetic–sparing effects. The risks and benefits of each adjuvant should be weighed for each patient, but fentanyl and epinephrine have an excellent benefit-to-risk ratio.

scholarly journals Intralipid Therapy for Inadvertent Peripheral Nervous System Blockade Resulting from Local Anesthetic Overdose

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ihab Kamel ◽  
Gaurav Trehan ◽  
Rodger Barnette
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Local Anesthetic ◽  
Safety Profile ◽  
Local Anesthetics ◽  
Peripheral Nerves ◽  
Significant Morbidity ◽  
Intravascular Injection ◽  
Local Anesthetic Systemic Toxicity

Although local anesthetics have an acceptable safety profile, significant morbidity and mortality have been associated with their use. Inadvertent intravascular injection of local anesthetics and/or the use of excessive doses have been the most frequent causes of local anesthetic systemic toxicity (LAST). Furthermore, excessive doses of local anesthetics injected locally into the tissues may lead to inadvertent peripheral nerve infiltration and blockade. Successful treatment of LAST with intralipid has been reported. We describe a case of local anesthetic overdose that resulted in LAST and in unintentional blockade of peripheral nerves of the lower extremity; both effects completely resolved with administration of intralipid.

Is subcutaneous local anesthesia in shoulder magnetic resonance arthrography necessary?

2007 ◽  
Vol 48 (7) ◽  
pp. 741-743 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. P. Koivikko ◽  
S. K. Koskinen
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Local Anesthesia ◽  
Local Anesthetic ◽  
Local Anesthetics ◽  
Diagnostic Method ◽  
Patient Survey ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Arthrography ◽  
Analog Scale ◽  
Vas Scores ◽  
Joint Puncture

Background: Magnetic resonance arthrography is a well-established diagnostic method in degenerative and traumatic disorders of the shoulder. Some radiologists prefer to apply a local anesthetic to the skin prior to performing the joint puncture. However, no information regarding the efficacy of local anesthetics exists. Purpose: To assess patient discomfort in arthrography injection. Material and Methods: A patient survey ( n = 74) utilizing a visual analog scale (VAS) measured the intensity of pain in arthrography injection by those receiving local anesthetics ( n = 36) versus those who did not ( n = 38). Results: Mean VAS scores were 20.8 (median 10.5, SD 24.3) for those receiving local anesthetics versus 19.3 (median 13.0, SD 20.7) for those who did not ( P = 0.83, Mann-Whitney U test). Conclusion: Routine use of local anesthesia of the skin in arthrography injection is unnecessary.

scholarly journals Wide Awake Open Carpal Tunnel Release: The Effect of Local Anesthetics in the Postoperative Outcome

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikolaos Karamanis ◽  
Georgia Stamatiou ◽  
Dionysia Vasdeki ◽  
Nikolaos Sakellaridis ◽  
Konstantinos C. Xarchas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grip Strength ◽  
Local Anesthesia ◽  
Carpal Tunnel ◽  
Local Anesthetic ◽  
Local Anesthetics ◽  
Carpal Tunnel Release ◽  
Postoperative Outcome ◽  
Anesthetic Concentration ◽  
Open Carpal Tunnel Release ◽  
Wide Awake

Abstract Introduction Wide awake open carpal tunnel decompression is a procedure performed under local anesthesia. This study aimed to present the effect of various local anesthetics in peri and postoperative analgesia in patients undergoing this procedure. Materials and Methods A total of 140 patients, with 150 hands involved, underwent carpal tunnel release under local anesthesia. Patients were divided in five groups according to local anesthetic administered: lidocaine 2%, ropivacaine 0.75%, ropivacaine 0.375%, chirocaine 0.5%, and chirocaine 0.25%. Total 400 mg of gabapentin were administered to a subgroup of 10 cases from each group (50 cases totally), 12 hours before surgery. Patients were evaluated immediately, 2 weeks and 2 months after surgery according to VAS pain score, grip strength, and two-point discrimination. Results In all patients, pain and paresthesia improved significantly postoperatively, while the use of gabapentin did not affect outcomes. Grip strength recovered and exceeded the preoperative value 2 months after surgery, without any difference between the groups. No case of infection, hematoma, or revision surgery was reported. Conclusion Recovery after open carpal tunnel release appears to be irrelevant of the type of local anesthetic used during the procedure. Solutions of low local anesthetic concentration (lidocaine 2%, ropivacaine 0.375%, and chirocaine 0.25%) provide adequate intraoperative analgesia without affecting the postoperative course.

scholarly journals RECENT ADVANCES IN LOCAL ANESTHESIA - OVERVIEW

2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 34-36
Author(s):  
V. Deepti
Keyword(s):  
Injection Site ◽  
Local Anesthesia ◽  
Local Anesthetic ◽  
Local Anesthetics ◽  
Anesthetic Drugs ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Injection Techniques ◽  
Delivery Vehicles ◽  
Computer Controlled ◽  
Effective Drugs

ABSTRACT The local anesthetic drugs presently available and used in dentistry represent the safest and most effective drugs in all of medicine for the prevention and management of pain. One drawback associated with intraoral local anesthesia is patients’ fear of injections .and the perception that these are painful. Recent advances have resulted in the use of computer-controlled local anesthetic delivery vehicles to regulate the delivery and rate of flow of local anesthetics at the injection site, lessening potential discomfort associated with injections. New injection techniques that provide reliable anesthesia, depending on the technique and area of anesthesia necessary have been discussed.

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