scholarly journals Elaboración de hormigones que minimicen el impacto al ambiente, empleando neumáticos usados de vehículos livianos y pesados, en la provincia de Santa Elena.

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Armando Saltos ◽  
Humberto Guerrero ◽  
Linda Ordóñe ◽  
Miguel Suárez
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Concrete Structures ◽  
American Concrete Institute ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Investment Promotion ◽  
Santa Elena ◽  
Low Traffic

Las llantas de desecho son consideradas un foco de riesgo ambiental y sanitario a nivel mundial, por ejemplo en Ecuador se desecha al año, según la Corporación para la Promoción Proactiva de Inversiones ( INVEC), cerca de 2,4 millones de neumáticos de diversos tipos, lo que equivale a 55.000 toneladas. Un menor porcentaje de ellos son reutilizados para el reencauchado, pero la gran mayoría es incinerada o depositada en basureros a cielo abierto, lo que supone una  amenaza contra el medio ambiente y riesgos a la salud. El proyecto busca la creación de un diseño de hormigón con partículas  provenientes de neumáticos usados, que después de un proceso de selección de los neumáticos a usar, de una trituración controlada y una dosificación acorde con los parámetros de las normas internacionales de diseño de hormigón del Instituto Americano del Concreto (ACI) y de la Norma Ecuatoriana de la Construcción  (NEC), se obtenga un hormigón de resistencias aceptables que puedan ser empleadas en: calles de bajo tránsito, banquetas y zonas peatonales y otras estructuras de hormigón,  minimizando así el impacto ambiental que se produce por el mal manejo de llantas usadas en la provincia de Santa Elena.AbstractWaste from rubbers tires are considered to be an environmental and sanitary risk worldwide. As an example in Ecuador, every year nearly 2.4 million rubber tires of various types are discarded as trash, which is equivalent to 55000 tons, according to the Proactive Corporation for Investment Promotion (INVEC). A small porcentage of the waste, are reused to be re-rubberized. But the majority is incinerate or deposited in dumping grounds open to the environment, which is a huge risk to the environment and the health of individuals. The project seeks to create a design of concrete including particles of rubber from discarded tires. The tires will undergo a rigorous selection process, a controlled threading process, and a fabrication according to the specifications of the international standards of concrete of the American Concrete Institute (ACI) and the Construction Ecuatorian Standards (NEC), and based on these specifications, the goal is to obtain an acceptable concrete apt to be used in low traffic streets, sidewalks, pedestrian zones, and other concrete structures, minimizing the environmental impact to the misuse of tires in the province of Santa Elena.

scholarly journals Utilización de neumáticos usados como agregado en el hormigón: caso provincia de Santa Elena, Ecuador

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-27
Author(s):  
Armando Saltos ◽  
Juan Garcés ◽  
Linda Ordoñez ◽  
Miguel Suarez ◽  
Humberto Guerrero
Keyword(s):  
Selection Process ◽  
Research Work ◽  
American Concrete Institute ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
Good Resistance ◽  
Coarse Aggregates ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
Complete Series ◽  
Santa Elena

El proyecto encontró un diseño de hormigón con partículas provenientes de neumáticos usados, que después de un proceso de selección, trituración controlada, una dosificación acorde con los parámetros de las normas internacionales de diseño de hormigón del Instituto Americano del Concreto (ACI), la Norma Ecuatoriana de Construcción (NEC), la incorporación de hasta 10 % de caucho triturado como sustituto parcial de agregados gruesos en el diseño de hormigón, se obtienen resultados favorables y de buena resistencia lo que hace que  se pueda utilizar cumpliendo todas las normas ecuatorianas de la construcción. También se realizó un ensayo con un 10% de caucho triturado incorporado como sustituto parcial del agregado fino, resultando ser aún más apropiado para fines constructivos y de elaboración de hormigón. En el presente trabajo de investigación se realiza los ensayos como mezclas separadas. Se efectuaron pruebas de vigas con incorporación de agregados gruesos de hasta 15% cumpliendo las normas, pero no se ejecutó una serie completa. Palabras clave: neumático, agregado, hormigón, resistencia.Abstract The project found a concrete design with particles from used tires, which after a selection process, controlled grinding, a dosage in accordance with the parameters of the American Concrete Institute (ICA) international standards of concrete design, Standard (NEC), the incorporation of up to 10% of tired rubber as a partial substitute of coarse aggregates in the concrete design, gives favorable results and good resistance which makes it possible to use all the Ecuadorian standards of the building. A test with 10% of crushed rubber incorporated as a partial substitute of the fine aggregate was also performed, making it even more suitable for construction and concrete processing purposes. In the present research work the tests are performed as separate mixtures. Beams were tested with incorporation of coarse aggregates of up to 15% complying with the standards, but a complete series was not performed.Keywords: Tire, aggregate, concrete, resistance. 

scholarly journals Three eco-tool comparison with the example of the environmental performance of domestic solar flat plate hot water systems

2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 174-181
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Environmental Performance ◽  
Life Cycle Analysis ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Huge Amount ◽  
Product Lca ◽  
Lca Practitioners ◽  
Standards And Guidelines

Life Cycle Analysis (LCA) is a procedure used as an analytical tool for the evaluation of the environmental impact caused by a material, a manufacturing process or product. For an end product, LCA requires both the identification and quantification of materials and energy used in all stages of the product’s life, together with their environmental impact. It requires therefore a huge amount of data about materials, components, manufacturing processes, energy consumption and the relevant environmental impacts. For this reason, a number of software and databases have been developed, in order to facilitate LCA users. These are the so-called Eco-Tools, used in an effort to minimize the environmental impact of a product from the materials and the energy used for production. In this paper, LCA is conducted for solar thermosyphonic systems, with the aid of three commercially available Eco-Tools, usually used by LCA practitioners, namely: Eco-It, GEMIS and SimaPro, and the results are compared. Although all three tools claim accordance with the international standards and guidelines, differences do exist. A typical solar thermosyphonic system (DSHWS) with a 4 m2 collector area and a capacity of 150 dm3 that covers the hot water needs of a three person family in Thessaloniki is used as case study. The results of the three tools are compared for each component of the solar system as well as for each material used and for the conventional energy substituted by the system.

The Use of Polarization Resistance to Evaluate the Environmental Impact on Reinforced Concrete Structures in the Iberoamerican Region

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (13) ◽  
pp. 111-116
Author(s):  
Oladis M. Troconis de Rincón ◽  
Carmen Andrade ◽  
M Barboza ◽  
F Irassar ◽  
J C. Montenegro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Polarization Resistance ◽  
Concrete Structures ◽  
Reinforced Concrete Structures

Service Life of Concrete Structures

2020 ◽  
Vol 309 ◽  
pp. 267-271
Author(s):  
Milan Holicky ◽  
Jiří Kolísko
Keyword(s):  
Service Life ◽  
Concrete Structure ◽  
Limit State ◽  
Concrete Structures ◽  
Technical Specification ◽  
Working Life ◽  
Degradation Process ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Limit States ◽  
Existing Structures

The concept of service life of structures is included in international standards ISO (under the term Design Working Life), in the European document EN 1990 (Design Service Life) and in the upcoming document CEN for assessment of existing structures - Technical Specification TS (Remaining Working Life). The mentioned documents contain mainly material-independent provisions for the design and assessment of all types of structures and for any category of actions. The submitted paper includes the definition of service life (performance time) tser, which is extended for any concrete structure, considering the resistance of a structure R(t) and the effect of action S(t). Both the aggregate variables R(t) and S(t) are usually random variables significantly dependent on time t. Due to the random variability of the variables R(t) and S(t), the service life tser, needs to be related to the probability that the performance of the structure is weakened or completely eliminated. Basically, serviceability limit states (SLS) and ultimate limit states (ULS) should be considered. In the case of concrete structures another limit state corresponding to the beginning of a specific degradation process (corrosion of reinforcement), denoted tinit, may be important. In specific cases of buildings and bridges a functional (moral) service life may be taken into account. The paper includes also a practical example of assessing the remaining working life of a concrete structure.

scholarly journals FORMATION OF INFORMATION ON ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF THE ORGANIZATION FOR REFLECTION IN SOCIAL REPORTS WITH APPLICATION OF IT TECHNOLOGIES

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 122-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Гузалия Клычова ◽  
Guzaliya Klychova ◽  
Алсу Закирова ◽  
Alsu Zakirova ◽  
Альфия Юсупова ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Financial Reporting ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Global Reporting Initiative ◽  
Social Nature ◽  
Methodological Approaches ◽  
Practical Recommendations

The purpose of the article is to substantiate theoretical provisions and develop practical recommendations for the development of reporting on sustainable development in terms of environmental impact on the environment and society in accordance with international standards developed under the Global Reporting Initiative. Objectives of the study: to study the content of non-financial reporting compiled in accordance with the standards of the Global reporting initiative (GRI) and propose new methodological approaches to the development of accountability in the field of sustainable development. The work provides recommendations on the organization of accounting for the environmental impact of the organization with the use of information technology: proposed the use of additional accounts for accounting and developed forms of reports containing information of a social nature.

International Civil Ageing Management and Assessment Methodology of Concrete

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. H. E. de Haan – de Wilde ◽  
C. G. M. de Bont
Keyword(s):  
Degradation Mechanism ◽  
Concrete Structures ◽  
Assessment Method ◽  
International Experience ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Assessment Methodology ◽  
Civil Structures ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Operation Period ◽  
Ageing Management

Abstract For many nuclear power plants worldwide the operation period will be extended to 60 or 80 years in the coming years. As the operation period increases, the importance of knowledge of ageing mechanisms increases. In the framework of LTO there is limited knowledge about ageing and structural integrity of concrete structures. Knowledge about the strength of concrete structures and modelling thereof can be improved for a more complete knowledge base on ageing and degradation mechanism in nuclear facilities. Therefore, effort is required to improve the knowledge of concrete, material models and finite element modelling techniques as well as the assessment method. Recent developments have shown that ageing of civil structures receive more attention internationally (E.g. concrete degradation in bunker building Doel). Traditionally a large part of the research and development is focused on mechanical issues like piping and vessels. In order to increase the knowledge in the field of civil structures, the focus is on investigation of ageing of concrete and determining analysis methods. This paper focuses on the development of a practical assessment method for ageing of civil structures. As a first step information from international publications and other sources on civil structures ageing issues and management thereof, will be gathered. Well known international standards taking care of ageing phenomena based on problem areas and good practices are IGALL and GALL. IGALL and GALL contain information tables based on international experience. This is the starting point of the research in finding an assessment methodology for civil ageing management. It will be shown that IGALL and GALL contain very similar elements. Sorting on the AMPs results in a practical set of datasheets with summarizing information per AMP, including the underlying international experience. The datasheets are of limited size, presenting an helpful overview of the relevant structures or components, materials, environment and mechanisms. A method for civil ageing management is proposed which will be applied and developed in more detail in future research. Further research is necessary to develop a specific assessment methodology for concrete.

scholarly journals Green Supplier Selection in the Agro-Food Industry with Contract Farming: A Multi-Objective Optimization Approach

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (24) ◽  
pp. 7017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco A. Miranda-Ackerman ◽  
Catherine Azzaro-Pantel ◽  
Alberto A. Aguilar-Lasserre ◽  
Alfredo Bueno-Solano ◽  
Karina C. Arredondo-Soto
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Supplier Selection ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Optimization Approach ◽  
Multi Objective Optimization ◽  
Contract Farming ◽  
Green Supplier Selection ◽  
Multi Objective

An important contribution to the environmental impact of agro-food supply chains is related to the agricultural technology and practices used in the fields during raw material production. This problem can be framed from the point of view of the Focal Company (FC) as a raw material Green Supplier Selection Problem (GSSP). This paper describes an extension of the GSSP methodology that integrates life cycle assessment, environmental collaborations, and contract farming in order to gain social and environmental benefits. In this approach, risk and gains are shared by both parties, as well as information related to agricultural practices through which the FC can optimize global performance by deciding which suppliers to contract, capacity and which practices to use at each supplying field in order to optimize economic performance and environmental impact. The FC provides the knowledge and technology needed by the supplier to reach these objectives via a contract farming scheme. A case study is developed in order to illustrate and a step-by-step methodology is described. A multi-objective optimization strategy based on Genetic Algorithms linked to a MCDM approach to the solution selection step is proposed. Scenarios of optimization of the selection process are studied to demonstrate the potential improvement gains in performance.

Engineering and Regulatory Challenges Facing the Development of Commercially Viable Offshore Wind Projects

2008 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 44-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Rodgers ◽  
Craig Olmsted
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Wind Farm ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Offshore Wind ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Army Corps ◽  
Environmental Impact Statement ◽  
Management Service ◽  
State And Local ◽  
Regulatory Challenges

Cape Wind is a proposal to locate America's first offshore wind farm off the coast of Massachusetts to generate renewable energy. First proposed in 2001, Cape Wind has faced numerous engineering and regulatory challenges. Great care was taken in the site selection process to ensure a technically and economically viable project that would generate wind energy on a utility scale. The regulatory environment and permitting process for Cape Wind has always been extensive and comprehensive, comprised of federal, state and local agencies. As a result of the Energy Policy Act of 2005, the lead federal permitting agency changed from the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (ACOE) to the Minerals Management Service (MMS), which resulted in a significant delay in the permitting schedule. Throughout the Environmental Impact Statement process with the ACOE and the MMS, numerous engineering and scientific studies have been performed on a wide host of environmental and economic issues. MMS issued a Draft Environmental Impact Statement in January, 2008. MMS officials have stated they expect to issue the Final Environmental Impact Statement in fall, 2008 and to issue a Record of Decision on Cape Wind thirty days later.

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