scholarly journals Prospects of studies on the yeast flora of sturgeons for monitoring of their state in aquaculture

2017 ◽  
Vol 189 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-176
Author(s):  
Valeria E. Terekhova ◽  
Natalia L. Bel’Kova
Keyword(s):  
Physiological State ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Probiotic Properties ◽  
Wine Yeasts ◽  
Local Immunity ◽  
Yeast Flora ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Mucous Membranes ◽  
The Sturgeons

Seasonal changes in abundance and species composition of the yeast flora from organs of juvenile sturgeons were traced during their growing in the warm-water ponds of Luchegorsk Research Station of the Pacific Fish. Res. Centre (TINRO) in 2008-2009. The fungal community of the sturgeons was represented by whey, brewers, and wine yeasts, mostly with probiotic properties. Naganishia albida, Papiliotrema laurentii, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Trichomonascus ciferrii , and fungi of the genus Candida were found in the intestines and gills of kaluga and siberian sturgeon juveniles, but they came from the water and are usual for microflora of cages for fish cultivation. Cryptococcus neoformans and Ogataea angusta were found in the water only. Rhodotorula mucilaginosa , Cystobasidium minuta and fungi of the genus Hanseniaspora were associated with the sturgeon organs. Generally the yeast heterotrophic microbiota in the cages showed inhibitory effect against mould and enterobacteria. Colonization of the sturgeon mucous membranes by yeasts had seasonal dynamics that definitely affected on local immunity of the juveniles. Complete elimination of the yeasts from the sturgeon mucous membranes should be considered as a predictor of worsening of their physiological state and anti-epizootic measures are necessary in this case.

scholarly journals Effect of Cell Growth on Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) Replication and a Mechanism of Cell Confluence-Based Inhibition of HCV RNA and Protein Expression

2006 ◽  
Vol 80 (3) ◽  
pp. 1181-1190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heather B. Nelson ◽  
Hengli Tang
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Cell Growth ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Physiological State ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Cell Number ◽  
Serum Starvation ◽  
Hcv Rna ◽  
Cell Growth Arrest

ABSTRACT An intimate relationship between hepatitis C virus (HCV) replication and the physiological state of the host liver cells has been reported. In particular, a highly reproducible and reversible inhibitory effect of high cell density on HCV replication was observed: high levels of HCV RNA and protein can be detected in actively growing cells but decline sharply when the replicon cells reach confluence. Arrested cell growth of confluent cells has been proposed to be responsible for the inhibitory effect. Indeed, other means of arresting cell growth have also been shown to inhibit HCV replication. Here, we report a detailed study of the effect of cell growth and confluence on HCV replication using a flow cytometry-based assay that is not biased against cytostasis and reduced cell number. Although we readily reproduced the inhibitory effect of cell confluence on HCV replication, we found no evidence of inhibition by serum starvation, which arrested cell growth as expected. In addition, we observed no inhibitory effect by agents that perturb the cell cycle. Instead, our results suggest that the reduced intracellular pools of nucleosides account for the suppression of HCV expression in confluent cells, possibly through the shutoff of the de novo nucleoside biosynthetic pathway when cells become confluent. Adding exogenous uridine and cytidine to the culture medium restored HCV replication and expression in confluent cells. These results suggest that cell growth arrest is not sufficient for HCV replicon inhibition and reveal a mechanism for HCV RNA inhibition by cell confluence.

scholarly journals Inhibitory effect of plant metabolites of Nigella sativa on conditionally pathogenic microflora of productive animals

2021 ◽  
Vol 282 ◽  
pp. 04014
Author(s):  
Anna Krivonogova ◽  
Albina Isaeva ◽  
Antonina Poryvaeva ◽  
Anastasia Chentsova ◽  
Pavel Sharavyev
Keyword(s):  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Postpartum Period ◽  
Nigella Sativa ◽  
Dairy Farm ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Active Metabolites ◽  
Plant Metabolites ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Mucous Membranes

Objective: The effectiveness of a phytobiotic based on active metabolites of Nigella sativa L. against typical microorganisms of opportunistic microbiocenosis of the mucous membranes of highly productive cows was studied. Initially, the inhibitory activity of the phytobiotic was studied on cultures of wild multi-antibiotic-resistant isolates of P. aeruginosa and S. aureus isolated on a commercial dairy farm. It was found that the phytobiotic had the ability to inhibit the growth of isolates on the nutrient medium, but the severity of the inhibitory effect varied notably. At the second stage, an experiment was conducted with the local application of phytobiotics on cows that had inflammatory complications of the postpartum period. The results of the experiment showed a pronounced inhibitory effect of the phytobiotic on S. aureus, Str. uberis, P. aeruginosa, E. cloacae, C. albicans, and P. mirabilis. There was an involution of inflammatory symptoms and normalization of the clinical and microbiological state of the mucous membrane after the use of a phytobiotic preparation.

scholarly journals Response Of Maize Varieties To Zinc Fertilization

1970 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 437-447 ◽  
Author(s):  
MA Hossain ◽  
M Jahiruddin ◽  
F Khatun
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Ganges River ◽  
River Floodplain ◽  
Zinc Fertilization ◽  
Identical Response ◽  
Zn Addition ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Maize Varieties ◽  
Hybrid Maize

Eight maize varieties viz. four composites (Mohor, Barnali, Khoibhutta, and BARI Maize-6) and four hybrids (BARI Hybrid Maize-1, BARI Hybrid Maize- 3, BARI Hybrid Maize Top 1 & Pacific 984), were tested for their response to zinc fertilization (0 and 3 kg Zn/ha) at the Regional Agricultural Research Station (RARS), Jessore (AEZ-11, High Ganges River Floodplain) during 2002- 2005. The varieties were not equally responsive to Zn addition. Except BARI Hybrid Maize-3, all other hybrids showed higher response to Zn compared to composite varieties. Among the hybrids, the Pacific 984 had the highest response followed by BARI Hybrid Maize-1 and BARI Hybrid Maize Top 1, the later two showed identical response. Comparing the composite varieties, their response can be ranked as Barnali ≈ Mohor > Khoibhutta > BARI Maize-6. The result suggests that BARI Hybrid Maize-3 and BARI Maize-6 were the most Zn inresponsive (Zn efficient) varieties. Further it appeared that Pacific 984 gave the highest seed yield, 10.46 t/ha due to Zn application. So, the farmers can grow this variety with an application of Zn @ 3 kg/ha in the deficient soil. The results also indicate that the farmers can cultivate BARI Hybrid Maize-3 in the moderately zinc deficient soils with a minimum dose (1 to 2 kg/ha) of Zn fertilization. Keywords: Maize varieties; zinc fertilization. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v36i3.9272 BJAR 2011; 36(3): 437-447

scholarly journals The inhibitory effect of a non-yessotoxin-producing dinoflagellate, Lingulodinium polyedrum (Stein) Dodge, towards Vibrio vulnificus and Staphylococcus aureus

2016 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 805 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonia Quijano-Scheggia
Keyword(s):  
Growth Inhibition ◽  
Bacterial Resistance ◽  
Vibrio Vulnificus ◽  
High Growth ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Marine Phytoplankton ◽  
Agar Culture ◽  
Lingulodinium Polyedrum ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Abundance And Diversity

<p>The increased bacterial resistance to antibiotics has caused global concern, prompting the search for new compounds. Because of their abundance and diversity, marine phytoplankton are an important potential source of such compounds. Research on dinoflagellates has led to the discovery of inhibitors of bacterial growth. The marine dinoflagellate <em>Lingulodinium polyedrum</em> blooms in different regions of the world, including Mexico, and is also known to regulate the growth of other species in coastal waters. Here, we investigate the taxonomy of this dinoflagellate and characterize the ability of its extracts to inhibit the growth of two bacteria of medical importance (<em>Vibrio</em> <em>vulnificus</em> and <em>Staphylococcus</em> <em>aureus</em>) on agar culture plates. Taxonomic characterization was performed by PCR and gene amplification of ITS, and confirmed that the species isolated off the Pacific coast of Mexico was <em>L.</em> <em>polyedrum</em>. To prove the inhibitory effect of <em>L. polyedrum</em> extracts, cultures were harvested by centrifugation. Pellets from three cellular abundances were extracted with water, methanol, hexane and chloroform. The experiments on <em>V. vulnificus</em> showed a high growth inhibition for the four extracts, ranging from 77 to 98%. Surprisingly, the growth inhibition was lower when the extracts originated from a higher <em>L. polyedrum</em> cell abundance, ranging from 0 to 34%. For <em>S. aureus</em>, the growth inhibition was also high, but not statistically different for all extracts and cell abundances, ranging from 62 to 99%. This shows promise for future pharmacological applications. Our Mexican strain of <em>L. polyedrum</em> did not produce any detectable yessotoxins.</p>

scholarly journals Biochemical markers of vital biodestruction in common oak (Quercus robur)

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 314-321
Author(s):  
A. F. Likhanov ◽  
O. V. Sereda ◽  
V. M. Gryb ◽  
V. I. Melnyk ◽  
L. S. Osadchuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Biochemical Markers ◽  
Quercus Robur ◽  
Physiological State ◽  
Brown Rot ◽  
Phenolic Antioxidants ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Phenolic Components ◽  
Common Oak ◽  
Brown Streak

The wood of the common oak (Quercus robur L.) has high mechanical strength, elasticity and resistance to fracture. However, constitutional stability is not always able to provide the plants with reliable protection from wood-decay fungi, and the initial stages of biodegradation are difficult to determine. Therefore, this study concerns research on appropriate biochemical markers for early diagnostics of wood defects. The total content of phenolic compounds in leaves and wood was determined by a spectrophotometer Optizen Pop using Folin & Ciocalteu’s phenol reagent; the flavonoid content in leaves – by adding solutions of aluminum chloride and sodium acetate to methanolic extracts; catechins content – by the reaction with vanillin reagent; the concentration of phenolic antioxidants – by Brand Williams; chlorophyll and carotenoids’ contents in leaves – by the formula for methanol extracts; the qualitative composition of phenolic compounds – by high performance liquid chromatography and highly effective thin-layer chromatography. During the planned felling of oak trees on the territory of the Boyar Forest Research Station, trees were found with signs of brown streak and biodestruction of wood. Brown streak in wood is caused by a polycondensation of phenolic compounds, which are deposited on the internal surfaces of tracheal elements. In cases of an increase in the total amount of oxidized polyphenols, the cell walls are also stained. Active oxidation processes in wood have a systemic nature for the plants and affect the physiological state of the assimilation apparatus. We determined that in leaves of the trees with signs of brown streak the total phenol content increases in comparison with the control by 1.6 times, as well as flavonoid and catechin content. Our research has shown that the complex of plastid pigments in common oak leaves does not significantly change in the early stages of destructive processes. Increase of brown streak and appearance of rot in wood are associated with slight increase in chlorophyll a to b ratio in leaves. Chromatographic profiling of the leaves showed that the presence of brown streak changes the content of individual phenolic compounds. The trees with brown rot have more substances with UV spectrum characteristic for kaempferol glycosides compared to the control. The results have shown that the biochemical profiles of the trees with signs of brown streak and brown rot differ from the control by the composition of low and medium polar compounds. The absence or presence of some individual phenolic components and their ratio in the leaves are considered as biochemical markers of hidden wood defects.

scholarly journals Variations of surface ozone at Ieodo Ocean Research Station in the East China Sea and influence of Asian outflows

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. 16747-16774
Author(s):  
J. Han ◽  
B. Shin ◽  
M. Lee ◽  
G. Hwang ◽  
J. Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
East China Sea ◽  
Surface Ozone ◽  
East China ◽  
Research Station ◽  
The East China Sea ◽  
Ozone Level ◽  
China Sea ◽  
Ozone Concentrations ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Summer Minimum

Abstract. Ieodo Ocean Research Station (IORS), a research tower (~ 40 m a.s.l.) for atmospheric and oceanographic observations, is located in the East China Sea (32.07° N, 125.10° E). The IORS is almost equidistant from South Korea, China, and Japan and, therefore, it is an ideal place to observe Asian outflows without local emission effects. The average ozone concentrations were 51.8 ± 15.9 ppbv during June 2003–December 2010. The seasonal variation of ozone was distinct, with a summer minimum (37.8 ppbv) and a spring maximum (61.1 ppbv), and was largely affected by seasonal wind pattern over East Asia. The fractional contribution of ozone at IORS could be attributed to six well distinguished air masses that were classified by the cluster analysis of backward trajectories. Marine air from the Pacific Ocean represents a relatively clean background air with a lowest ozone level of 32.2 ppbv in summer. In spring and winter the influence of Chinese outflows was dominant with higher ozone concentrations of 61.6 and 49.3 ppbv, respectively. This study confirms that the influence of Chinese outflows was the main factor determining O3 levels at IORS, of which extent was apt to be changed by meteorological state, particularly at a long-term scale.

scholarly journals Influence of growth conditions on hydrophobicity ofLactobacillus acidophilusandBifidobacterium lactiscells and characteristics by FT-IR spectra

2010 ◽  
Vol 24 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 251-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laisana Shakirova ◽  
Lilija Auzina ◽  
Peteris Zikmanis ◽  
Marita Gavare ◽  
Mara Grube
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Ir Spectra ◽  
Physiological State ◽  
Cell Surface Hydrophobicity ◽  
Surface Hydrophobicity ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Probiotic Properties ◽  
Elevated Protein ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Quantitative Analyses

In this study we have found, that the values of cell surface hydrophobicity (CSH) ofL. acidophilusLA5 andB. lactisBb12 cells change in response to varied growth conditions – phase of growth, concentration or type of carbon source, presence of oxygen. An evaluation of FT-IR spectra using cluster and quantitative analyses revealed substantial changes of the chemical composition depending on the CSH level ofL. acidophilusLA5 andB. lactisBb12 cells. Decrease of the carbohydrate level was observed in proportion to the increased CSH values alongside with the elevated protein content of more hydrophobic cells of both cultures. The results of present study could help to specify the appropriate physiological state and environment forL. acidophilusLA5 andB. lactisBb12 to ensure their probiotic properties.

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