scholarly journals SUBSTANTIATION OF RATIONAL PARAMETERS FOR COMPLEX PROCESSING OF SECONDARY RAW MATERIALS OF SPRAT PRODUCTION USING THE METHOD OF HIGH-TEMPERATURE HYDROLYSIS

2020 ◽  
Vol 200 ◽  
pp. 210-220
Author(s):  
O. Ya. Mezenova ◽  
L. S. Baydalinova ◽  
N. Yu. Mezenova ◽  
S. V. Agafonova ◽  
E. A. Kazimirova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Protein Fraction ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Food Additives ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Convective Drying ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Secondary Raw Materials ◽  
Freeze Dried

Processing of secondary raw materials from production of canned food «Sprats in oil» is considered. Comprehensive technology is developed for producing of protein, fat, and protein-mineral food additives from the sprat waste, as smoked sprat heads, using the method of high temperature hydrolysis. Rational method of the hydrolysis is substantiated, including preliminary separation of fat in fatty raw materials and its enzymatic-thermal treatment. The optimal values of temperature and duration of hydrolysis in autoclave are determined. Balances of organic substances are calculated for the main operations. This new technology was tested for fatty (24 %) and medium fat (13 %) raw materials under the temperature of 130–160 о С. The hydrolyzed organic mass was divided into fat, protein, and mineralized fractions and proteinfat emulsion. Food additives containing low molecular weight water-soluble peptides and high molecular weight insoluble proteins were extracted from the protein fraction by freeze-drying and mineral compounds were extracted from the mineral fraction by convective drying. The proteins were extracted more thoroughly, so the content of low molecular weight peptides in the freeze-dried hydrolysate of protein fraction was > 80 %. The produced additives have pleasant organoleptic properties and are sanitary safe. They are tested with some seafood, with positive result. The developed technology for processing of smoked waste is economically valuable and allows to solve the problem of pollution in the fish smoking industry.

scholarly journals Obtaining and estimating the potential of protein nutraceuticals from highly mineralized collagen-containing beef raw materials

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-22
Author(s):  
N. Yu. Mezenova ◽  
S. V. Agafonova ◽  
O. Ya. Mezenova ◽  
L. S. Baidalinova ◽  
T. Grimm
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Enzyme Preparations ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Mineralized Collagen

Highly mineralized collagen-containing beef raw materials (tibia, fibula and costal bones) are a source of valuable protein nutraceuticals. They include high molecular weight proteins, oligopeptides and amino acids, which anabolic and physiological potential is used insufficiently. Protein nutraceuticals were obtained by high-temperature hydrolysis of beef raw materials in combination with enzymolysis by proteolytic enzyme preparations Alcalase 2,5 L, Protamex, Protosubtilin G3x. The water-soluble fraction of hydrolysates was studied after its separation and freeze-drying on the content of nitrogenous compounds, fats, minerals, formol-titrated nitrogen, fractional molecular composition. The mathematical dependencies of accumulation of low molecular weight products of protein hydrolysis on enzymolysis duration and doses of different enzyme preparations were obtained. The rational technological scheme of complex processing of beef raw materials with production of protein, fat and mineral-protein additives was proposed. The protein weight fraction in the freeze-dried protein hydrolysates was 69.5–89.6%. All studied protein additives contained peptides with a molecular weight of not more than 100 kDa. The content of low-molecular weight oligopeptides with a molecular weight of less than 10 kDa in the protein additives obtained by enzymatic thermal hydrolysis was more than 90%. The amino acid composition of protein additives produced by different hydrolytic methods was analyzed. Sensory and functional-technological properties of freeze-dried protein compositions were studied. The amino acid potential, high assimilability and physiological activity of protein nutraceuticals from collagen-containing beef raw materials were established. It is recommended to use them in the composition of specialized biologically active additives (BAAs) to food of the osteotropic direction in recipes of specialized and personalized products as a source of amino acids and active peptides.

ANALISA KANDUNGAN BETA-GLUKAN LARUT AIR DAN LARUT ALKALI DARI TUBUH BUAH JAMUR TIRAM (Pleurotus ostreatus) DAN SHIITAKE (Lentinus edodes)

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Netty Widyastuti ◽  
Teguh Baruji ◽  
Henky Isnawan ◽  
Priyo Wahyudi ◽  
Donowati Donowati
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Structure ◽  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Pleurotus Ostreatus ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Lentinus Edodes ◽  
Beta Glucan ◽  
Oyster Mushrooms ◽  
The Difference

Beta glucan is a polysaccharide compound, generally not soluble inwater and resistant to acid. Beta glucan is used as an immunomodulator (enhancing the immune system) in mammals is usually a beta-glucan soluble in water, easily absorbed and has a low molecular weight. Several example of beta-glucan such as cellulose (β-1 ,4-glucan), lentinan (β-1 0.6-glucan) and (β-1 ,3-glucan), pleuran (β-1, 6 and β-1 ,3-glucan) are isolated from species of fungi Basidiomycota include mushrooms (Pleurotus ostreatus) and shiitake (Lentinus edodes).The purpose of thisresearch activity is to obtain beta-glucan compound that can be dissolved in water and in alkali derived from fungi Basidiomycota, i.e, Oyster mushrooms (Pleurotus ostreatus) and shiitake (Lentinus edodes). The result of beta-glucan compared to characterize the resulting beta glucan that is molecular structure . The difference of beta glucan extraction is based on the differences in solubility of beta-glucan. Beta glucan could be water soluble and insoluble water.

scholarly journals Water-soluble low-molecular-weight cellulose chains radially oriented on gold nanoparticles

Cellulose ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 929-936 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yukiko Enomoto-Rogers ◽  
Hiroshi Kamitakahara ◽  
Arata Yoshinaga ◽  
Toshiyuki Takano
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Low Molecular Weight

Water-soluble low-molecular-weight organic acids in automorphic loamy soils of the tundra and taiga zones

2013 ◽  
Vol 46 (6) ◽  
pp. 654-659 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. V. Shamrikova ◽  
I. V. Gruzdev ◽  
V. V. Punegov ◽  
F. M. Khabibullina ◽  
O. S. Kubik
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Organic Acids ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Low Molecular Weight

STUDY OF PROTEIN FRACTIONS OF HIGH-TEMPERATURE HYDROLYZATES OBTAINED FROM SMOKED SPRAT HEADS

Fisheries ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-117
Author(s):  
Olga Mezenova ◽  
Vladimir Wolkov ◽  
Larisa Baydalinova ◽  
Natalia Mezenova ◽  
Svetlana Agafonova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Weight Fraction ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Protein Fractions ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Organoleptic Characteristics ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Peptide Fractions

The authors study three fractions obtained as a result of hydrolysis of smoked sprat heads (under temperature of 130oC and presser of 0.25 MPa) – fat, protein water-soluble, and protein-and-mineral ones. Waste from sprat production of two fish canning complexes of the Kaliningrad Region - “RosCon” and “Kolkhoz for the Motherland” - was used as raw material. Hydrolysis was carried out in an aqueous medium in two ways - with preliminary separation of fat and without this operation. The protein fraction was sublimated and its quantitative and qualitative indices were examined - mass yield, solubility, chemical composition and molecular fractional composition of the obtained peptide fractions were determined. The output of sublimated protein fractions is practically independent of the type of raw material and the method of pre-treatment and is 6.47.9% of the mass of raw materials. The chemical composition of protein fractions varies widely in terms of fat (1.4–8.3%), minerals (9.8–13.4%) and proteins (72.1–80.2%). The solubility of the peptide fractions ranged from 91-98%. The molecular weight assessment results showed a high content of a low molecular weight fraction of peptides with an MM of less than 10 kDa in all experimental samples (about 38%). This indicates a high digestibility and biological value of the obtained peptide compositions. Sublimated peptide compositions had typical organoleptic characteristics, pleasant aroma and taste of smoked fish. Ключевые

Biodiesel fuel synthesis by interesterification of triglycerides with carboxylate esters of low molecular weight

2019 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Egle Sendzikiene ◽  
Violeta Makareviciene
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Fatty Acid Esters ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Transport Sector ◽  
Biodiesel Fuel ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Raw Glycerol ◽  
Biodiesel Synthesis

Abstract The ever-increasing environmental pollution from greenhouse gases motivates the search for methods to reduce it. One such method is the use of biodiesel fuels in the transport sector. Conventional biodiesel production generates up to 10% of a by-product, raw glycerol, whose amount continues to increase as biodiesel production volumes expand, but its demand remains limited. Recently, options have been analysed to replace the triglyceride transesterification process generally used in biodiesel production with an interesterification process that does not generate raw glycerol, instead yielding triacylglycerol that can be directly used as fuel for diesel engines by mixing with fatty acid esters. Additionally, triacylglycerol improves the low-temperature properties of fuel. The present article discusses triglyceride interesterification processes using various carboxylate esters of low molecular weight. Information is provided on raw materials that can be subjected to interesterification for biodiesel synthesis. The possible applications of chemical and enzymatic catalysis for triglyceride interesterification are discussed, and the influence of the catalyst amount, molar ratio of reactants, temperature and process duration on the effectiveness of interesterification is examined. The conditions and effectiveness of noncatalytic interesterification are also discussed in the article. Qualitative indicators of the products obtained and their conformity to the requirements of the European standard for biodiesel fuel are discussed.

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