scholarly journals First results of acoustic tags using for studies of migrations of siberian taimen Huho taimen (Salmonidae) in the Tugur River basin (northwestern Okhotsk Sea)

2020 ◽  
Vol 200 (3) ◽  
pp. 671-687
Author(s):  
S. E. Kulbachnyi ◽  
N. V. Kolpakov ◽  
O. A. Kudrevskyi
Keyword(s):  
High Efficiency ◽  
Total Duration ◽  
Body Cavity ◽  
Oncorhynchus Keta ◽  
Behavioral Strategies ◽  
Migration Activity ◽  
First Results ◽  
Migration Potential ◽  
Acoustic Tags ◽  
Hucho Taimen

Method of acoustic tagging of large-sized fish in a medium river is successfully tested for the case of siberian taimen Hucho taimen in the Tugur River. Algorithm of fish anesthesia and acoustic tag input into its body cavity is developed. For successful tagging, total duration of the process, including anesthesia, should not exceed 5 minutes. The best results of tagging are obtained for fish with a body length of 110–130 cm, which tolerate anesthesia easily. In 2017–2019, 25 out of 29 tagged fish were registered by acoustic equipment that indicates high efficiency of the method (86.2 %). Distance from the release point to the point of tag registration varied from 0.2 to 39.8 km. Some fish crossed almost completely the buoy-controlled section of the river that indicates a rather high migration potential of siberian taimen. On the background of high individual diversity of migration activity, two principally different behavioral strategies are distinguished — «residents» staying in one place up to 2 months and «nomads» migrating to a distance up to 30 km per day. The radius of taimen migration increases usually in May and September and decreases in August. The seasonal increasing is associated with feeding migrations: taimen feed on downstream juveniles of chum salmon Oncorhynchus keta and prespawning minnows Rhynchocypris lagowskii in May and on chum adults migrating to spawning grounds in September. During twilight and at night, the migrations are usually more active, but they are less visible and shorter in the morning and afternoon. Correspondingly, the main feeding of taimen is assumed in the twilight and dark time, whereas a supporting feeding in the daytime.

High Efficiency Energy Conversion System Based on Modified Brayton Cycle

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anatoli A. Borissov ◽  
Alexander A. Borissov ◽  
Kenneth K. Kramer
Keyword(s):  
High Efficiency ◽  
Fuel Efficiency ◽  
Brayton Cycle ◽  
Positive Displacement ◽  
Heat Engines ◽  
Current State ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
First Results ◽  
Power Generation Systems ◽  
Vortex Combustion

Each year, the users in the U.S. alone spend over $100 billion on various type of engines to produce power — electrical, mechanical, and thermal. Despite technological advances, most all of these power generation systems have only been fine tuned: the engine efficiencies may have been improved slightly, but the underlying thermodynamic principles have not been modified to effect a drastic improvement. The result is that most engines in service today suffer from two major problems: low fuel efficiency and emission of high levels of polluting gases in the exhaust gases. The current state of propulsion engines or distributed generation technologies using heat engines shows an average efficiency of between 20% and 40%. These low efficiencies in a high–cost energy market indicate a great need for more efficient technologies. This paper describes a new method of achieving a very high efficiency, namely optimizing every stage of the thermodynamic process-Brayton cycle. Two modified processes, such as isothermal compression and recuperation, add about 35% efficiency to the conventional Brayton cycle, making 60% efficiency for modified Brayton cycle. By utilizing a positive displacement compressor and expander with a novel vortex combustion chamber and a vortex recuperator, high levels of efficiency with low emissions and noise are possible. The prototype engine with low RPM and high torque has been built which use continuous combustion of different fuels under a constant pressure. First results of the engine’s components testing are presented.

scholarly journals Rotating Gliding Arc: Innovative Source for VOC Remediation

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 156-160
Author(s):  
J. Čech ◽  
L. Prokeš ◽  
M. Zemánek ◽  
L. Dostál ◽  
D. Šimek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Drop ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Gliding Arc ◽  
Pipe System ◽  
Waste Gas ◽  
Processing Step ◽  
Waste Air ◽  
First Results ◽  
Plasma Unit

The large-scale plasma treatment of waste gas in industrial or municipal conditions requires high efficiency of plasma conversion process at high processing speed, i.e., large volumetric flow. The integration of the plasma unit into existing systems puts demands on the pipe-system compatibility and minimal pressure drop due to adoption of plasma processing step. These conditions are met at the innovative rotating electrode gliding arc plasma unit described in this article. The system consists of propeller-shaped high voltage electrode inside grounded metallic tube. The design of HV electrode eliminates the pressure drop inside the air system, contrary the plasma unit itself is capable of driving the waste gas at volumetric flow up to 300 m<sup>3</sup>/hr for 20 cm pipe diameter. In the article the first results on pilot study of waste air treatment will be given for selected volatile organic compounds together with basic characteristic of the plasma unit used.

Nanostructure designs for effective solar-to-hydrogen conversion

Nanophotonics ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaohua Shen ◽  
Samuel S. Mao
Keyword(s):  
Surface Engineering ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Solar Light ◽  
Catalyst Loading ◽  
Solar Hydrogen ◽  
New Concepts ◽  
Ion Doping ◽  
First Results ◽  
Solar Hydrogen Production ◽  
Surface Reaction Kinetics

AbstractConversion of energy from photons in sunlight to hydrogen through solar splitting of water is an important technology. The rising significance of producing hydrogen from solar light via water splitting has motivated a surge of developing semiconductor solar-active nanostructures as photocatalysts and photoelectrodes. Traditional strategies have been developed to enhance solar light absorption (e.g., ion doping, solid solution, narrow-band-gap semiconductor or dye sensitization) and improve charge separation/transport to prompt surface reaction kinetics (e.g., semiconductor combination, co-catalyst loading, nanostructure design) for better utilizing solar energy. However, the solar-to-hydrogen efficiency is still limited. This article provides an overview of recently demonstrated novel concepts of nanostructure designs for efficient solar hydrogen conversion, which include surface engineering, novel nanostructured heterojunctions, and photonic crystals. Those first results outlined in the main text encouragingly point out the prominence and promise of these new concepts principled for designing high-efficiency electronic and photonic nanostructures that could serve for sustainable solar hydrogen production.

First results of experiments on high-efficiency single-crystal extraction of protons from the U-70 accelerator

JETP Letters ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 67 (10) ◽  
pp. 781-785 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. G. Afonin ◽  
V. M. Biryukov ◽  
V. A. Gavrilushkin ◽  
V. N. Gres’ ◽  
B. A. Zelenov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Crystal ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
First Results

scholarly journals Bioenergy II: Scale-Up of the Milena Biomass Gasification Process

2009 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christiaan M. van der Meijden ◽  
Hubert J. Veringa ◽  
Berend J. Vreugdenhil ◽  
Bram van der Drift
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Integrated System ◽  
Air Separation ◽  
Gas Cleaning ◽  
Gasification Process ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
First Results

The production of Substitute Natural Gas from biomass (Bio-SNG) is an attractive option to reduce CO2 emissions and replace declining fossil natural gas reserves. The Energy research Center of the Netherlands (ECN) is working on the development of a technology to convert a wide range of biomass into Bio-SNG.The ECN Bio-SNG technology is based on indirect gasification of biomass. The MILENA indirect gasifier is developed to produce a gas, which can be upgraded into SNG with a high efficiency. Because of the indirect heating of the gasification process, no air separation is required. Char and tar are removed from the producer gas and are used as fuel to produce the required heat for the gasification process. The OLGA tar removal technology is used to remove tar and dust from the gas. After gas cleaning, the gas is catalytically converted into a mixture of CH4, CO2 and H2O. After compression and removal of CO2 and H2O, the remaining methane can be used as Bio-SNG.ECN produced the first Bio-SNG in 2004, using a conventional fluidized bed gasifier. The lab-scale MILENA gasifier was built in 2004. The installation is capable of producing approximately 8 Nm3/h methane-rich medium calorific gas with high efficiency. The lab-scale installation has been in operation for more than 1000 hours now and is working fine. Several biomass fuels were tested. Woody biomass appears to be the most suited fuel. The lab-scale gasifier is coupled to lab-scale gas cleaning installations (including OLGA) and a methanation unit. The integrated system was tested during several duration tests.The 30 kWth lab-scale gasifier was scaled up to 800 kWth biomass input. ECN has recently finished the construction of this pilot-scale gasifier, which has been taken into operation in the summer of 2008. First results, using wood as a fuel, show that the gas composition is similar to gas from the lab-scale installation.The pilot scale gasifier will be coupled to the existing pilot scale OLGA gas cleaning unit in 2009. Tests with the pilot-scale MILENA and OLGA will form the basis of a 10 MW MILENA – OLGA – gas engine demonstration plant. This demonstration will be taken into operation in 2012 and will be followed by a large SNG demonstration. 10 MW biomass input is seen as an attractive commercial scale for combined heat and power production from biomass. The scale foreseen for a commercial single-train Bio-SNG production facility is between 50 and 500 MWth. The expected net overall efficiency from wood to Bio-SNG is 70%.

scholarly journals Using N-Norms for Analyzing Symmetric Protective Electrical Circuits with Triple Modal Reservation

Symmetry ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 2390
Author(s):  
Yevgeniy S. Zhechev ◽  
Anna V. Zhecheva ◽  
Alexey A. Kvasnikov ◽  
Alexander M. Zabolotsky
Keyword(s):  
Modal Analysis ◽  
Electromagnetic Compatibility ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Electromagnetic Coupling ◽  
Total Duration ◽  
Ultra Wideband ◽  
Primary Circuit ◽  
Suggested Approach ◽  
Lower Amplitude ◽  
Trapezoidal Pulse

The redundancy of functional blocks and critical assemblies in radio-electronic equipment is among the most widely used techniques for increasing reliability. Complex redundant systems raise the problem of electromagnetic compatibility (EMC). Ignoring EMC requirements can lead to partial or complete REE failures. In this paper, the authors analyze a noise-protective electrical circuit with triple modal reservation (a promising type of cold redundancy). A multilayer stripline is investigated, the conductors of which are symmetrically arranged relative to two planes. On account of the strong electromagnetic coupling, this protective circuit can decompose dangerous ultra-wideband (UWB) interference received at the input of the primary or redundant circuits into unipolar pulses of lower amplitude. Using this approach, due to the symmetry of the conductors, equal decomposition efficiency could be achieved. However, the effect of UWB interference at the input of one of the conductors produces bipolar pulses at the output of the other conductors. In this paper, the authors evaluate the dangers of unipolar and bipolar decomposed pulses and use modal analysis to mathematically determine the polarities and amplitudes of the decomposed pulses at all output nodes for a pseudo-matched structure. By using the quasistatic approach with and without losses, the time responses to a trapezoidal pulse with a total duration of 60 ps, which simulates UWB interference, are obtained. To confirm the results of modal analysis and quasistatic simulation, an experimental study is performed. Using a stroboscopic oscilloscope DSA 8300, the authors obtained a transient response to a step excitation. Then, taking the derivative, the response to a trapezoidal pulse with a total duration of 140 ps was obtained. To analyze the criticality of the decomposed pulses, N-norms are used. In the general case, it is shown that the UWB interference is decomposed into four pulses of lower amplitude. At the same time, the value of each N-norm indicates its significant attenuation. For example, the amplitude of the UWB pulse acting on the input of the reserved conductor decreases by 10.31–8.93 times. Such results numerically demonstrate the high efficiency of the suggested approach when it comes to protecting equipment against UWB interference. It is also shown that the probability of dielectric breakdown and damage to electronic components in redundant circuits is lower than in a primary circuit. This is due to the fact that the value of N3 in the redundant circuit is 2.38 times less than in the primary circuit. However, the results demonstrate that arcing is highly probable both in primary and redundant circuits. Finally, aspects of symmetry/asymmetry in the problem under investigation are emphasized.

scholarly journals Our own method of combined treatment of acute purulent pyelonephritis: first results

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 34-37
Author(s):  
Vladimir A Anan’ev ◽  
Aleksej V Antonov
Keyword(s):  
Renal Artery ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Combined Treatment ◽  
Retroperitoneal Space ◽  
Intraarterial Infusion ◽  
Results Of Treatment ◽  
First Results

The article describes the author’s method of retroperitoneoscopic decapsulation of the kidney with removal of purulent foci, sanitation and drainage of the retroperitoneal space with subsequent catheterization of the renal artery with continuous intraarterial infusion of alprostadil in combined treatment of patients with acute purulent pyelonephritis. The results of treatment of 13 patients showed high efficiency as described above. The possibility and expediency of using of described technique is shown. (For citation: Anan’ev VA, Antonov AV. Our own method of combined treatment of acute purulent pyelonephritis: first results. Urologicheskie vedomosti. 2017;7(3):34-37. doi: 10.17816/uroved7334-37).

scholarly journals Engineering of Ultrafast High Efficiency Light-Harvesters

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Albrecht ◽  
Julia Nowak ◽  
Peter Walla
Keyword(s):  
Energy Transfer ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Light Harvesting ◽  
Solar Spectrum ◽  
Energy Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Absorption And Emission ◽  
Multi Scale ◽  
Oriented Molecules ◽  
First Results ◽  
Spectral Ranges

Nature provides evidence that there is no fundamental limit for harvesting and funneling nearly all scattered sun-photons onto smaller conversion centers by ultra-fast emergy transfer processes. Recently, a proof-of-principle study showed that this can also be achieved by artificial systems containing light-harvesting pools of randomly oriented molecules that funnel energy to individual, aligned light-redirecting molecules.<br>However, capturing the entire solar spectrum requires engineering of complex multi-element structures considering macroscopic refraction and wave guiding of different spectral ranges of multijunction photovoltaics as well as ultrafast, nanoscopic light-harvesting, energy transfer and funneling, anisotropic absorption and emission and the spectra of a multitude of pigments of different orientations and concentrations. So far, no tool excited that allowed model such structures in one system.<br>Here we present a ray tracing tool allowing to model and analyze such multi-scale structures, including molecular, ultrafast energy transfer and funneling as well as anisotropic absorption and emission as well as micro-and macroscopic waveguiding and raytracing in one tool. We present first results of solar concentrator architectures with the highest theoretical energy conversion efficiency reported so far.<br>A novel tool is provided that allows to construct, model and analyze any desired complex ultrafast light-harvesting/photovoltaic architecture with the highest efficiencies by considering molecular, nanometric energy transfer and funneling as well as microscopic waveguiding and raytracing.

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