Removing Ammonia From Wastewater Using Natural and Synthetic Zeolites: A Batch Experiment

10.26434/chemrxiv.9831542.v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Judit Canellas ◽

Ana Soares ◽

Bruce Jefferson

Keyword(s):

Ion Exchange ◽

Research Direction ◽

Synthetic Zeolite ◽

Variable Load ◽

Natural Zeolites ◽

Component Solution ◽

Synthetic Zeolites ◽

Real Wastewater ◽

Regeneration Efficiency ◽

Natural And Synthetic

Ion exchange based processes for the removal of ammonium from wastewater using zeolites could be an attractive additional or potentially complementary treatment option for conditions that pose a challenge for biological processes, such as variable load or low temperatures. A range of natural and synthetic zeolites have been studied for removing ammonium from wastewater. However, the relatively low capacity of zeolites and challenges regarding regeneration have so far complicated efforts in this research direction. Here, we compare the most commonly used natural zeolites US-Clinoptilolite, UK-Clinoptilolite, Mordenite and Chabazite (using Na- and Ca- as main cation exchanger) as well as a thermally modified US-Clinoptilolite and a synthetic zeolite MesoLite in terms of their capacity and regeneration efficiency to determine whether a synthetic zeolite like MesoLite can address the aforementioned problems related to capacity and regeneration efficiency. This investigation was performed as a series of batch experiments on synthetic and real wastewater solutions. When zeolites were pre-saturated with sodium ions, we found the overall highest capacity of 4.6 meq/g for the synthetic zeolite MesoLite, relative to a range between 1.1 and 2.1 meq/g for the natural zeolites. Ammonium adsorption capacity of MesoLite with real wastewater ranged between 74 and 97% of what was observed for a synthetically generated mono component solution set at approximately the same ionic load. Our results indicate that MesoLite could be an appropriate media for ion-exchange based tertiary treatment of wastewater.

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REDUCTION OF METAL CATIONS CONTENT FROM THE AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS BY SORBENTS

MM Science Journal ◽

10.17973/mmsj.2021_12_2021044 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2021 (6) ◽

pp. 5307-5311

Author(s):

IVETA PANDOVA ◽

◽

MIROSLAV RIMAR ◽

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Aqueous Solutions ◽

Natural Zeolite ◽

Metal Cations ◽

Sorption Kinetics ◽

Synthetic Zeolite ◽

Natural Zeolites ◽

Chemically Treated ◽

Synthetic Zeolites

The article presents the results of research on reducing the concentration of heavy metals, such as copper and nickel, on natural zeolite in comparison with synthetic zeolite and chemically treated natural zeolite. The reduction of the content of specific types of heavy metals from aqueous solutions was investigated by the method of sorption kinetics. The results indicate the ability of natural zeolites to compete with synthetic zeolites.

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A Further Investigation of NH4+ Removal Mechanisms by Using Natural and Synthetic Zeolites in Different Concentrations and Temperatures

Minerals ◽

10.3390/min8110499 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 8 (11) ◽

pp. 499 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Huei-Fen Chen ◽

Yi-Jun Lin ◽

Bo-Hong Chen ◽

Iizuka Yoshiyuki ◽

Sofia Liou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ion Exchange ◽

Surface Area ◽

Physical Adsorption ◽

Ammonium Concentration ◽

Adsorption Ability ◽

Ammonium Removal ◽

Cation Content ◽

Different Temperatures ◽

Synthetic Zeolites ◽

Natural And Synthetic

We investigated the ammonium removal abilities of natural and synthetic zeolites with distinct Si/Al ratios and various surface areas to study how adsorption and ion exchange processes in zeolites perform under different ammonium concentrations and different temperatures. Five zeolites—natural mordenite, chabazite, erionite, clinoptilolite, and synthetic merlinoite—were immersed in 20, 50, and 100 mg/kg ammonium solutions. The results demonstrate that zeolites under high ammonium concentrations (100 mg/kg) possess higher physical adsorption capacity (0.398–0.468 meq/g), whereas those under lower ammonium concentrations (20 mg/kg) possess greater ion exchange properties (64–99%). The ion exchange ability of zeolites is extremely dependent on the cation content of the zeolites, and the cation content is affected by the Si/Al ratio. The surface area of zeolites also has a partial influence on its physical adsorption ability. When the surface area is less than 100 m2/g, the adsorption ability of zeolite increases obviously with surface area; however, adsorption ability is saturated as the surface area becomes larger than this critical value of 100 m2/g. When we placed the zeolites in 50 mg/kg ammonium concentration at different temperatures (5–50 °C), we found that the zeolites exhibited the highest ammonium removal ability at 30 °C and the potassium release was enhanced at 30–40 °C.

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Evaluation and Comparison of Antimicrobial Properties of Natural and Synthetic Zeolites Exchanged with Silver, Zinc, Copper and Nickel Ions

Yafteh Lorestan University of Medical Sciences ◽

10.32592/yafteh.2021.23.2.10 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 125-141

Keyword(s):

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Ion Exchange ◽

Antibacterial Properties ◽

Antimicrobial Properties ◽

Metal Cations ◽

Exchange Capacity ◽

Nickel Ions ◽

Antibacterial Materials ◽

Synthetic Zeolites ◽

Natural And Synthetic

Zeolites are high-porous active crystalline biomaterials. Recently many studies have been done on their antibacterial properties especially on zeolites exchanged with metallic cations. In this paper, we investigate the effective factors on the antimicrobial activity of natural and synthetic zeolites exchanged with silver, zinc, copper nickel, and bromide cations. This study reviews the published articles on the antibacterial properties of the natural and synthetic pure zeolites as well as the ion exchange ones. The results of our investigation show that ion exchange zeolites exhibit a very good antibacterial effects even in comparison with other conventional antibacterial materials. The strongest antibacterial activity was reported in silver exchanged zeolites against Bacillus cereus and Escherichia coli with MIC of 16 μg/ml. According to the results reported derived from different articles, it can be concluded that zeolites with biocompatibility and high ion exchange capacity can be used as efficient antibacterial materials. Pure zeolites have antibacterial activity at high concentrations, whereas all synthetic and natural zeolites exchanged with metal cations investigated in this paper exhibit good antibacterial activity at very low concentrations generally due to sustained and prolong release of metal cations.

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A Further Investigation of NH4+ Removal Mechanisms by Using Natural and Synthetic Zeolites in Different Concentrations and Temperatures

10.20944/preprints201809.0190.v1 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Huei-Fen Chen ◽

Yi-Jun Lin ◽

Bo-Hong Chen ◽

Iizuka Yoshiyuki ◽

Sofia Ya-Hsuan Liou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ion Exchange ◽

Surface Area ◽

Physical Adsorption ◽

Ammonium Concentration ◽

Adsorption Ability ◽

Ammonium Removal ◽

Cation Content ◽

Different Temperatures ◽

Synthetic Zeolites ◽

Natural And Synthetic

We investigate the ammonium removal abilities of natural and synthetic zeolites, which have distinct Si/Al ratios and various surface areas, to study how adsorption and ion-exchange processes in zeolites perform under different ammonium concentrations and different temperatures. Five zeolites including natural mordenite, chabazite, erionite, clinoptilolite and synthetic merlinoite were immersed in 20 mg/kg, 50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg ammonium solutions. The results demonstrate that zeolites under high ammonium concentrations (100 mg/kg) possess higher physical adsorption capacity (0.398–0.468 meq/g), whereas those under lower ammonium concentrations (20 mg/kg) possess greater ion-exchange property (64–99%). The ion-exchange ability of zeolites are extremely dependent on the cation content of the zeolites, and the cation content is affected by the Si/Al ratio. The surface area of zeolites also has a partial influence on its physical adsorption ability. When the surface area is less than 100 m2/g, the adsorption ability of zeolite increases obviously with surface area; however, adsorption ability is saturated as the surface area becomes larger than this critical value of 100 m2/g. When we carried out the zeolites in 50 mg/kg ammonium concentration at different temperatures (5~50 ℃), we found that zeolites exhibit the highest ammonium removal ability at 30°C and the potassium release was enhanced at 30~40 ℃.

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