scholarly journals Fauna of birds of the flown meadows of the Pinega river (Arkhangelsk region)

2020 ◽  
pp. 42-52
Author(s):  
Павел Николаевич Амосов ◽  
Альберт Владимирович Брагин ◽  
Геннадий Андреевич Старопопов ◽  
Анастасия Андреевна Волкова ◽  
Кирилл Игоревич Афонов
Keyword(s):  
Bird Species ◽  
Alauda Arvensis ◽  
Phylloscopus Trochilus ◽  
Arkhangelsk Region ◽  
Saxicola Rubetra ◽  
Vanellus Vanellus ◽  
Carpodacus Erythrinus ◽  
Agricultural Use ◽  
Reed Bunting ◽  
Common Rosefinch

Исследования, проведенные на лугах северо-востока Архангельской области в долине реки Пинеги, показали изменения фауны и численности некоторых видов птиц, связанные со значительным сокращением или прекращением сельскохозяйственного использования лугов. Следствием стало сокращение численности или отсутствие полевого жаворонка Alauda arvensis и чибиса Vanellus vanellus на некоторых лугах, ранее используемых как выпасы или сенокосы. Исчезновение дубровника Ocyris aureola не связано с прекращением сельскохозяйственного использования лугов. В то же время, в связи с зарастанием лугов древесно-кустарниковой растительностью, относительно высока численность лугового чекана Saxicola rubetra, камышовой овсянки Schoeniclus schoeniclus, пеночки-веснички Phylloscopus trochilus, чечевицы Carpodacus erythrinus, фифи Tringa glareola, большого улита Tringa nebularia и др. Studies conducted in the meadows of the northeast of the Arkhangelsk Region in the valley of the Pinega River, showed changes in the fauna and abundance of some bird species associated with a significant reduction or cessation of the agricultural use of the meadows. The effect was a reduction in the number or absence of the Skylark Alauda arvensis and the Lapwing Vanellus vanellus in some meadows previously used as pastures or hayfields. At the same time, due to the overgrowing of meadows with tree-shrub vegetation, the numbers of Whinchat Saxicola rubetra, Reed Bunting Schoeniclus schoeniclus, Willow Warbler Phylloscopus trochilus, Common Rosefinch Carpodacus erythrinus, Wood Sandpiper Tringa glareola, and Greenshank Tringa nebularia became relatively high. The disappearance of Yellow-breasted Bunting Ocyris aureola is not related to the termination of the agricultural use of the meadows.

scholarly journals Modelling the Impacts of Habitat Changes on the Population Density of Eurasian Skylark (Alauda arvensis) Based on Its Landscape Preferences

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 306
Author(s):  
Nándor Csikós ◽  
Péter Szilassi
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Landscape Patterns ◽  
Percentage Error ◽  
Alauda Arvensis ◽  
Rural Landscapes ◽  
Farmland Bird ◽  
Shape Complexity

The dramatic decline of the abundance of farmland bird species can be related to the level of land-use intensity or the land-cover heterogeneity of rural landscapes. Our study area in central Europe (Hungary) included 3049 skylark observation points and their 600 m buffer zones. We used a very detailed map (20 × 20 m minimum mapping unit), the Hungarian Ecosystem Basemap, as a land-cover dataset for the calculation of three landscape indices: mean patch size (MPS), mean fractal dimension (MFRACT), and Shannon diversity index (SDI) to describe the landscape structure of the study areas. Generalized linear models were used to analyze the effect of land-cover types and landscape patterns on the abundance of the Eurasian skylark (Alauda arvensis). According to our findings, the proportions of arable land, open sand steppes, closed grassland patches, and shape complexity and size characteristics of these land cover patches have a positive effect on skylark abundance, while the SDI was negatively associated with the skylark population. On the basis of the used statistical model, the abundance density (individuals/km*) of skylarks could be estimated with 37.77% absolute percentage error and 2.12 mean absolute error. We predicted the skylark population density inside the Natura 2000 Special Protected Area of Hungary which is 0–6 individuals/km* and 23746 ± 8968 skylarks. The results can be implemented for the landscape management of rural landscapes, and the method used are adaptable for the density estimation of other farmland bird species in rural landscapes. According to our findings, inside the protected areas should increase the proportion, the average size and shape complexity of arable land, salt steppes and meadows, and closed grassland land cover patches.

scholarly journals Avian botulism at a sugar beet processing plant inSouth Moravia (CzechRepublic)

2012 ◽  
Vol 50 (No. 10) ◽  
pp. 443-445 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Hubalek ◽  
V. Skorpikova ◽  
D. Horal
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Processing Plant ◽  
Critically Endangered Species ◽  
Botulinum Type ◽  
Philomachus Pugnax ◽  
Vanellus Vanellus ◽  
Type C ◽  
South Moravia ◽  
Avian Botulism

An episode of mortality in waterbirds occurred on a sedimentation reservoir with effluents from the sugar beet processing plant at Hrusovany n.J. (South Moravia, Czech Republic) in summer 2003: tens of black-headed gulls (Larus ridibundus), several lapwings (Vanellus vanellus), one little ringed plover (Charadrius dubius), one ruff (Philomachus pugnax), one wood sandpiper (Tringa glareola), and two avocets (Recurvirostra avosetta) died. One of the two avocets and the plover, local breeders, were examined and found positive for Clostridium botulinum type C toxin by use of the toxin-neutralization test. Avocet is classified as a rare bird species according to Red Book data and is listed as critically endangered species in theCzechRepublic, and is therefore protected. Avian botulism can occasionally cause deleterious effects to waterbird fauna and its protection.

scholarly journals Non-breeding ecology of the Whinchat Saxicola rubetra in Nigeria

Ornis Svecica ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 22 (1–2) ◽  
pp. 25-32
Author(s):  
Yahkat Barshep ◽  
Ulf Ottosson ◽  
Jonas Waldenström ◽  
Mark Hulme
Keyword(s):  
Site Fidelity ◽  
Time Budget ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Breeding Ecology ◽  
Main Method ◽  
The Core ◽  
Saxicola Rubetra ◽  
Core Site ◽  
Radio Transmitters ◽  
The City

This study on the non-breeding ecology of the Whinchat Saxicola rubetra was conducted in central Nigeria from February through April. The core site was at Gwafan (N09°53', E08°57'), an open scrubland located 10 km east of the city of Jos. The density of Whinchats at Gwafan was 0.58 individuals/ ha, almost three times the overall density around Jos. Time budget observations of colour banded Whinchats, including six birds fitted with radio-transmitters, showed that they spent 80% of their time perching, 11% foraging, 7% preening, and 2% flying. The main method of catching insects was a swoop to the ground. There was no change in perching, preening or flying time but the time some Whinchats spent foraging increased towards the end of the study period. GPS positions of individuals showed that all birds held clearly demarcated territories and defended them against neighbours. Aggressive interactions were also recorded between Whinchats and other bird species. Three birds colour-ringed in 2006 returned to the study site in 2007 and one occupied almost the same territory, indicating site fidelity.

Migration routes and timing in a bird wintering in South Asia, the Common Rosefinch Carpodacus erythrinus

2016 ◽  
Vol 157 (3) ◽  
pp. 671-679 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Stach ◽  
Cecilia Kullberg ◽  
Sven Jakobsson ◽  
Kåre Ström ◽  
Thord Fransson
Keyword(s):  
South Asia ◽  
Migration Routes ◽  
Carpodacus Erythrinus ◽  
The Common ◽  
Common Rosefinch

scholarly journals Long-term dynamics of trematode infections in common birds that use farmlands as their feeding habitats

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiljí Sitko ◽  
Petr Heneberg
Keyword(s):  
Bird Species ◽  
Trematode Species ◽  
Farmland Birds ◽  
Intensity Of Infection ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Vanellus Vanellus ◽  
Common Birds ◽  
Trematode Infections ◽  
Azole Fungicides

Abstract Background The biodiversity of farmland habitats is witnessing unprecedented change, mostly in declines and simplification of assemblages that were established during centuries of the use of traditional agricultural techniques. In Central Europe, conspicuous changes are evident in populations of common farmland birds, in strong contrast to forest birds in the same region. However, there is a lack of information on longitudinal changes in trematodes that are associated with common farmland birds, despite the fact that diversity of trematodes is directly linked to the preservation of long-established food webs and habitat use adaptations of their hosts. Methods We analyzed the population trends of trematodes for the period 1963–2020 in six bird species that use Central European farmlands as their predominant feeding habitats. Namely, we examined Falco tinnunculus, Vanellus vanellus, winter populations of Buteo buteo, Ciconia ciconia, extravilan population of Pica pica, and Asio otus, all originating from the Czech Republic. Results We observed dramatic population losses of all trematode species in C. ciconia and V. vanellus; the changes were less prominent in the other examined hosts. Importantly, the declines in prevalence and intensity of infection affected all previously dominant species. These included Tylodelphys excavata and Chaunocephalus ferox in C. ciconia, Lyperosomum petiolatum in P. pica, Strigea strigis in A. otus, Neodiplostomum attenuatum and Strigea falconis in B. buteo (χ2 test P < 0.001 each), and Echinoparyphium agnatum and Uvitellina adelpha in V. vanellus (completely absent in 2011–2000). In contrast, the frequency and spectrum of isolated records of trematode species did not change to any large extent except those in V. vanellus. Conclusions The analysis of six unrelated common bird species that use farmlands as their feeding habitats revealed a previously unreported collapse of previously dominant trematode species. The previously dominant trematode species declined in terms of both prevalence and intensity of infection. The causes of the observed declines are unclear; of note is, however, that some of the broadly used agrochemicals, such as azole fungicides, are well known for their antihelminthic activity. Further research is needed to provide direct evidence for effects of field-realistic concentrations of azole fungicides on the survival and fitness of trematodes. Graphical abstract

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document