scholarly journals Pan-european and national strategies for conservation of biodiversity

2020 ◽  
pp. 155-168
Author(s):  
Елена Револьдовна Хохлова ◽  
Светлана Ивановна Яковлева
Keyword(s):  
Structural Analysis ◽  
Biodiversity Conservation ◽  
Biodiversity Hotspots ◽  
National Strategy ◽  
Technical Standard ◽  
Problem Types ◽  
Territorial Strategies ◽  
Conservation Of Biodiversity

На основании проведенного структурного анализа Национальной стратегии сохранения биоразнообразия в России были установлены основные этапы и последовательность её разработки. Этот алгоритм может быть представлен как своеобразный технический стандарт, который соответствует правилам разработки комплексных и отраслевых (частных) территориальных стратегий. На примере стратегий разных стран показаны проблемные типы районов - «горячие точки» биоразнообразия. Here we establish the main stages and sequence of the National Strategy for Biodiversity Conservation in Russia, based on the structural analysis. This algorithm can be used as a technical standard that corresponds to the rules for the development of complex and sectoral (private) territorial strategies. Problem types of areas, so called ‘biodiversity hotspots’ are illustrated within strategies of various countries.

Plant Community Structure of Tropical Semi-Evergreen Forest of Reiek in Mamit District of Mizoram

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.T. Lalzarzovi ◽  
◽  
Lalnun Tluanga
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Structural Analysis ◽  
Plant Communities ◽  
Ecological Study ◽  
Life Form ◽  
Evergreen Forest ◽  
Biodiversity Hotspots ◽  
Plant Community Structure ◽  
Floristic Survey ◽  
Normal Spectrum

Ecological study of tropical semi-evergreen forest of Reiek in Mizoram was carried out to determine the stratification of the forest as well as to prepare life form spectrum of the plant communities. Mizoram is a part of Indo- Myanmar region which falls under one of the 35 biodiversity hotspots identified worldwide and therefore has a rich biodiversity. A detailed floristic survey was carried out. Plant species were collected, mounted in herbarium sheets and identified. Structural analysis was carried out and profile diagram was drawn. The forest was found to be composed of three layers in both the disturbed and undisturbed areas of the forest. The life form spectrum has been compared with Raunkiers normal spectrum to find out the phytoclimate of the region. The study area was found to have an abundance of phanerophytes indicating a phanerophytic climate

scholarly journals Fire regimes, biodiversity conservation and prescribed-burning programs

2012 ◽  
Vol 124 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Malcolm Gill
Keyword(s):  
Biodiversity Conservation ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Prescribed Burning ◽  
Fire Regime ◽  
Fire Regimes ◽  
Royal Commission ◽  
Vegetation Types ◽  
Protection Of Life ◽  
Conservation Of Biodiversity ◽  
Safe Working

In the trend towards the domestication, or taming, of fire regimes in Victoria, Australia, the level of prescribed burning has been stepped up due to a recommendation from the 2009 Victorian Bushfires Royal Commission. While prescribed burning programs may be instituted for a number of reasons, especially the protection of life and property, they have consequences for the conservation of biodiversity. Not all vegetation types can be prescribed burned because the weather does not always allow it to occur under safe working conditions; where prescribed burning programs are carried out, unplanned fires may still occur. Thus, the general issue is the effect on biodiversity of both prescribed and unplanned fires, neither alone. Here, the importance to biodiversity conservation of all the components of the fire regime– interval, season, intensity and type (peat fire or otherwise) – and their domain of variability is emphasized. If conservation of biodiversity is to be guaranteed in a changing fire world, then much more knowledge about the systems being managed, gained in large part through effective monitoring, is needed. Issues such as targets and some assumptions of management are addressed here.

Role of informal institutions in biodiversity conservation: Perspective of the Santhal tribe of India

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 139-146
Author(s):  
Edwin Murmu ◽  
◽  
Bhupendra Singh Adhikari ◽  
Harsh Bardhan Vashistha ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biodiversity Conservation ◽  
West Bengal ◽  
Life Stage ◽  
Informal Institutions ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Informal Institution ◽  
Key Informants ◽  
Specific Species ◽  
Conservation Of Biodiversity

The study provides insights into the role of an informal institution of the Santhal tribe of India in the conservation of biodiversity. The data has been collected from 124 Santhal key informants from six tribal districts from the states of Jharkhand (Dumka, Pakur and Sahibganj) and West Bengal (Birbhum, Bankura and West Medinipur) through the methods of stratified sampling, chain-referrals, personal interactions, and focussed group discussions. The taboos associated with biodiversity conservation have been categorized into six categories such as segment taboo, specific-species taboo, life-stage taboo, temporal taboo, habitat taboo and method taboo.

Japan Prize Commemorative Lecture: biodiversity, conservation and sustainability

2004 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 321-333 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. H. Lawton
Keyword(s):  
Biodiversity Conservation ◽  
Scientific Understanding ◽  
20Th Anniversary ◽  
Conservation Of Biodiversity

This lecture was given on 21 April 2004, in Tokyo, Japan, on the occasion of the 20th Anniversary of the Japan Prize. John Lawton was awarded the 2004 Japan Prize for ‘Observational, experimental and theoretical achievements for the scientific understanding and conservation of biodiversity’.

The Noongar of south-western Australia: a case study of long-term biodiversity conservation in a matrix of old and young landscapes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alison Lullfitz ◽  
Carol Pettersen ◽  
Ron (Doc) Reynolds ◽  
Aden Eades ◽  
Averil Dean ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biodiversity Conservation ◽  
Biodiversity Hotspots ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
South West ◽  
Granite Outcrops ◽  
Global Biodiversity ◽  
Rich Flora ◽  
Ocbil Theory

Abstract Occurring across all southern hemisphere continents except Antarctica, old, climatically buffered, infertile landscapes (OCBILs) are centres of biological richness, often in biodiversity hotspots. Among a matrix of young, often disturbed, fertile landscapes (YODFELs), OCBILs are centres of endemism and diversity in the exceptionally rich flora of the south-west Australian global biodiversity hotspot, home to Noongar peoples for ≥ 48 000 years. We analysed contemporary traditional Noongar knowledge of adjacent OCBILs (e.g. granite outcrops) and YODFELs (e.g. creekline fringes) both at a single site and in two larger areas to test whether patterns of disturbance dictated by Noongar custom align with OCBIL theory. We found that Noongar traditional knowledge reflects a regime of concentrated YODFEL rather than OCBIL disturbance—a pattern which aligns with maximal biodiversity preservation. SIMPER testing found traditional Noongar OCBIL and YODFEL activities are 64–75% dissimilar, whereas Pearson’s chi-square tests revealed camping, burning, travelling through country and hunting as primarily YODFEL rather than OCBIL activities. We found that Noongar activities usually avoid OCBIL disturbance. This combined with high floristic diversity following enduring First Peoples’ presence, suggests that traditional Noongar knowledge is valuable and necessary for south-west Australian biodiversity conservation. Similar cultural investigations in other OCBIL-dominated global biodiversity hotspots may prove profitable.

scholarly journals Factors Affecting the Success of Conserving Biodiversity in National Parks: A Review of Case Studies from Africa

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moses Muhumuza ◽  
Kevin Balkwill
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Biodiversity Conservation ◽  
National Parks ◽  
Search Engines ◽  
Human Dimension ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Successful Case ◽  
Metadata Analysis ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Conservation Of Biodiversity

National Parks are a cornerstone for biodiversity conservation in Africa. Two approaches are commonly used to sustain biodiversity in National Parks. Past and current studies show that both approaches are generally ineffective in conserving biodiversity in National Parks in Africa. However, there are a handful of cases where these approaches have been successful at conserving biodiversity in National Parks. The question this paper attempts to answer is why in some cases these approaches have been successful and in other cases they have failed. A metadata analysis of 123 documents on case studies about conservation of biodiversity in National Parks in Africa was conducted. A series of search engines were used to find papers for review. Results showed that all factors responsible for both the success and failure of conserving biodiversity in National Parks in various contexts were socioeconomic and cultural in nature. The highest percentage in both successful case studies (66%) and unsuccessful cases studies (55%) was associated with the creation and management of the park. These results suggest that future conservation approaches in National Parks in Africa should place more emphasis on the human dimension of biodiversity conservation than purely scientific studies of species and habitats in National Parks.

scholarly journals Essential Indicators for Measuring Area-Based Conservation Effectiveness in the Post-2020 Global Biodiversity Framework

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonas Geldmann ◽  
Marine Deguignet ◽  
Andrew Balmford ◽  
Neil D. Burgess ◽  
Nigel Dudley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biodiversity Conservation ◽  
Protected Area ◽  
Quantitative Data ◽  
Essential Elements ◽  
Biodiversity Monitoring ◽  
Biodiversity Indicators ◽  
Ecological Values ◽  
Fit For Purpose ◽  
Global Biodiversity ◽  
Conservation Of Biodiversity

Work has begun in earnest to formulate a post-2020 Global Biodiversity Framework which will outline the vision and targets for the next decade of biodiversity conservation and beyond. However, the performance of the 2011-2020 Strategic Plan for Biodiversity suggests that even a meaningful target can fail to deliver if not accompanied by fit-for-purpose indicators. Here we provide a review of how ‘protected area’ effectiveness was addressed in the 2011-2020 plan and based on this, provide recommendations for fit-for-purpose indicators that will measure how such efforts contribute to the conservation of biodiversity. Indicators need to be built on quantitative data from site-level biodiversity monitoring of species and ecosystems combined with measurements of the state of nature in near-time, informed by remote-sensed products and other technologies. Additionally, indicators need to capture whether the essential elements of good management are in place including the identification of ecological values, threats, and objectives, equitable governance, and sufficient management resources and capacity. These fit-for-purpose indicators will require multilateral collaboration to galvanize support for, and resources to develop, the necessary infrastructure to collate and store information from countries.

scholarly journals CONSERVATION OF BIODIVERSITY AND SOCIO-CULTURAL DIMENSIONS OF SACRED GROVES OF KANNUR DISTRICT, KERALA

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 96-106
Author(s):  
Sekaran S ◽  
Nisha Raj S
Keyword(s):  
Biodiversity Conservation ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Cultural Dimensions ◽  
Sacred Groves ◽  
Forest Patches ◽  
Ecosystem Integrity ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Performing Art ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Conservation Of Biodiversity

Sacred groves are small patches of forests, protected by local communities on religious grounds, rituals and culture. It represent a tradition of nature worship by dedicating patches of forests to deities and providing protection to such forest patches. They have immense value from genetic and ecological point ofview. Results of studies conducted in eleven sacred groves in Kannur district of Kerala are compiled in this paper. Two hundred and three plant species including 10 true mangroves give an insight into the bioecological and socio cultural dimensions of sacred groves in helping and conserving the biological diversity.Kaliyattam a performing art with different forms of ‘theyyam’ is conducted every year offering to propitiate the deity by different communities in the villages. ‘Devakooth’ a theyyam performed by women in Thekkumpad kavu. is noteworthy among the performative rituals. These ritualistic practices centred aroundthe sacred groves substantially contribute to the conservation and day- to-day management of ecological balance by sacred groves. The different types of roles played by sacred groves in maintaining the ecosystem integrity and biodiversity conservation are also presented in this paper.

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