The impact of Arab Spring Revolutions on the purposes of Islamic Sharia: أثر ثورات الربيع العربي على مقاصد الشريعة

This research aims to study the impact of the Arab Spring revolutions on the purposes of Sharia. I relied on the descriptive analytical method in writing this research, and it contained three sections, and I touched upon the effects of revolutions on the purpose of protection of Life, Lineage, and Intellect, also, I talked about the purpose of protection of religion in terms of moral values in the light Arab Spring. And this study also discussed the economic effects of the revolutions on the spring countries and their neighboring countries as well. After researching the effects of the Arab Spring, I concluded that the deterioration of the security and political conditions had a negative impact on various aspects of the religious, social and economic life of the countries of the Spring, and the purposes of Sharia are to preserve the reasons for which the revolutions took place, and that the Arab Countries Threatened with division due to the spread of sectarian and terrorist movements, as well as civil wars.

A MEDICAL SERVICE OF IMPROPER QUALITY: SOME ASPECTS OF THE INVESTIGATION METHODOLOGY

В статье рассматриваются преступления против здоровья населения и в сфере охраны жизни и здоровья человека, совершаемые медицинскими работниками. Обосновывается необходимость объединения этих преступлений в качестве единого объекта криминалистического исследования. Приводятся примеры фактов привлечения работников системы здравоохранения к уголовной ответственности за оказание услуг, не отвечающих требованиям безопасности. Определяются законодательные пробелы, связанные с отсутствием уголовно-правовой охраны человеческого плода в процессе родового акта, а также с невозможностью применения квалифицирующих признаков указанных преступлений в случае виновного причинения гибели плоду. The article considers crimes against public health and in the sphere of protection of life and health committed by medical workers. The necessity of combining these crimes as a single object of forensic investigation is substantiated. Examples of bringing of health care workers to criminal liability for the provision of services that do not meet the safety requirements are given. The legislative gaps associated with the lack of criminal law protection of human fetus in the process of delivery, as well as the inability to apply the qualifying signs of these crimes in the case of culpable causing the death of a human fetus are identified.

PROCES DALjE HARMONIZACIJE EVROPSKOG POTROŠAČKOG PRAVA

At the time of the establishment of the European Communities in 1957, there was no special provision on consumer policy for the whole of Europe. At the time, individual consumer policies of member states reflected different national cultures, traditions, administrative systems and priorities. Consumer policy at European level has become necessary for them in order to have adequate protection when trading in the single market. The first special consumer protection program was adopted in 1975, which was the basis for a growing body of directives and regulations in the field of consumer protection. Currently, about 90 EU directives cover consumer protection issues. Key EU policy areas related to consumer protection are the protection of life, health and safety of consumers; consumer information; protection of economic interests of consumers; protection of legal interests of consumers.

New Zealand in Great Famine Era Irish politics: The strange case of A Narrative of the Sufferings of Maria Bennett

A Narrative of the Sufferings of Maria Bennett, a crudely printed, eight-page pamphlet, was published in Dublin in spring 1846. It has been interpreted as an early fiction concerning New Zealand, or alternatively as a New Zealand ‘captivity narrative’, possibly based on the author’s own experiences. Against these readings, it is argued here that Maria Bennett, more concerned with Ireland than New Zealand, is a piece of pro-British propaganda hurried out in connection with the British Government’s ‘Protection of Life (Ireland) Bill’ – generally referred to simply as the ‘Coercion Bill’ – first debated on 23 February 1846. The Great Famine had begun with the substantial failure of Ireland’s staple potato crop in autumn 1845. This led to an increase in lawlessness, and the Government planned to combine its relief measures with draconian new security regulations. The story of Maria Bennett, a fictional young Irishwoman transported to Australia but shipwrecked in New Zealand, was designed to advertise the humanity of British law. Having escaped from the Māori, she manages to get to London, where she is pardoned by Sir James Graham, the Home Secretary, the man responsible for the Coercion Bill. New Zealand, imagined at the very beginning of the British colonial era, functions in the text as a dark analogy to Ireland, a sort of pristine example of the ‘savage’ conditions making British rule necessary and desirable in the first place. A hungry, lawless Ireland could descend to that level of uncivilization, unless, the propagandist urges, it accepts more British law.

Strategi dan Dampak Maqasid Syariah dalam Pemeliharaan Lingkungan Sekitar Kecamatan

Maqashid Sharia requires the protection of life on earth and the relevance of environmental sustainability to the protection of the earth and all life on earth on the principles of Maqashid Sharia. Qualitative research to collect data through semi-structured interviews with company environmental officials. The survey results show that the strategy implemented by UPT DAS Citarik, Cicalengka District has succeeded in reducing environmental waste pollution into rivers and improving river water quality, which is an important step in protecting the environment and complying with the principles of Islamic teachings.

Cultured meat as halalan toyyiban food: a maqasid review in the preservation of life (hifz al-nafs)

It is expected that the global population, which is currently 7.3 billion, will exceed 9 billion by the year 2050. Therefore, the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) has estimated that 70 % more food will be needed in 2050 in order to meet the needs of the increasing human population. This is a massive test due to the limiting resources and arable land. Cultured meat is designated as one of the safe options among the alternatives by its proponents for the public who wish to be environmentally friendly but oppose altering their diets. This study proposed to achieve the maqasid review on the cultured meat product. This study uses a qualitative method, references related to maqasid alshariah and cultured meat and its rulings in Islamic perspectives were used to obtain further information, including the area of halal food because it is under the same circumstance. Halal cultured meat can be concluded as a new invention of food technology that complies with maqasid shariah in terms of protection of life (hifz an-nafs). Thus, it is suggested that Muslims must lead the technology of the production of cultured meat so that any haram item should be avoided in producing halal cultured meat.

Restrictions on Sports Economic Activities Related to Counteracting COVID-19 – a Few Comments Regarding the Regulation of the Council of Ministers of 21 December 2020

The COVID-19 pandemic has forced the public authorities to undertake numerous actions to counteract the spread of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Protection of life and health has required the introduction of legally effective mechanisms that interfered with constitutional freedoms, including the freedom of economic activity. Restrictions and bans aimed at combating the epidemic were introduced in 2020 in the form of regulations issued on the basis of the Act of 5 December 2008 on preventing and combating infections and infectious diseases in humans, amended for the purposes of combating COVID-19. Its provisions gave the Council of Ministers the power to introduce temporary restrictions in carrying out specific scopes of economic activity. The frequently changed wording of the regulations resulted in interpretation difficulties in determining the scope of the restrictions. Justified doubts have been raised concerning the provisions of the Regulation of the Council of Ministers of 21 December 2020 on the establishment of certain restrictions, orders and bans in connection with the occurrence of an epidemic, relating to sports economic activities. The scope of the legal provisions differs significantly from the communications of the representatives of the Council of Ministers. The purpose of this article is to establish the actual scope of the restrictions on the conduct of sports facilities, established at the end of 2020.

The Right of a Child Outside the Legal Marriage of a Biological Father: The Analysis of Ḥifẓ Al-Nafs as Law `Illat

This article aims to analyze the protection of life (ḥifẓ al-nafs) as the law reason (`illat) of the rights of children outside of legal marriage (ALPS) of biological fathers. Ḥifẓ al-nafs is assumed to be `illat emerging from many neglected ALPS phenomena and resulting in negative stigma and discrimination. This research is a study of Islamic law using the theory of `illat in analyzing the problem of children's rights outside of legal marriage. The research concludes that the presence of the 2010 Constitutional Court decision regarding the civil rights of ALPS with biological fathers reveals new spaces in seeing the nature of ALPS rights. This is different from the fatwa of the Indonesian Ulema Council and classical fiqh (Islamic jurisprudence) arguments, which tend to only link the child to the mother. Based on the Constitutional Court decision, the essence of ALPS rights from biological fathers is limited to civil rights. The responsibility of the biological father to ALPS is in the form of physical and mental support, while denying other rights such as guardianship of marriage; ALPS rights today have been largely abandoned. Thus, the protection/care is necessary. `Illat (the reason of law) in ḥifẓ al-nafs (protection of the life) is real and can be juxtaposed with `illat ḥifẓ al-nasl (protection of heredity). Ḥifẓ al-nasl does not completely fulfill the real requirements of an `illat which can abolish the abandonment of ALPS.