Optimization of an aircraft flight trajectory in the GLONASS dynamic accuracy field

The authors consider the problem of optimization of aircraft flight trajectories in air traffic management (ATM) on the basis of flexible routing technologies which involve the use of satellite navigation systems (SNS). It is shown that in optimizing a trajectory it is necessary to take into account the accuracy of track holding during the flight which depends on the accuracy of the navigation system and external flight path disturbances, e.g. wind. For solving the task of optimization the authors propose to use the theory of graphs. The technique of constructing a dynamic SNS accuracy field and representing it as a graph was developed. It is proposed that the SNS field be characterized by geometric dilution of precision changing both in space and in time. Based on the theory of graphs (A-star algorithm) the technique of constructing a trajectory of optimal length with changing the SNS accuracy and external flight path disturbances is proposed. The criterion of optimization based on minimizing the true track is offered. The cost function taking into account the track holding accuracy in navigating by SNS and effects of external flight disturbances is justified. The article presents the results of A-star algorithm application for constructing an optimal flight trajectory under conditions of SNS accuracy field variation and presence of prohibited zones in the provided airspace.

Download Full-text

Algorithms for aircraft track optimization in flexible routing

ITM Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/itmconf/20193003003 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 30 ◽

pp. 03003

Author(s):

Oleg N. Skrypnik ◽

Evgenii E. Netchaev ◽

Natalya G. Arefyeva ◽

Roman O. Arefyev

Keyword(s):

Traffic Management ◽

Air Traffic Management ◽

Flight Path ◽

Navigation Systems ◽

Field Variation ◽

Geometric Dilution Of Precision ◽

Satellite Navigation Systems ◽

The Cost ◽

Theory Of Graphs ◽

Flexible Routing

The authors consider the problem of optimization of aircraft flight tracks in air traffic management (ATM) on basis of flexible routing technologies which involve the use of satellite navigation systems (SNS). It is shown that in optimizing a trajectory it is necessary to take into account the accuracy of track holding in flight which depends on accuracy of the navigation system and external flight path disturbances, e.g. wind. For solving the problem of optimization the authors propose to use the theory of graphs. The technique of constructing a dynamic SNS accuracy field and representing it as a graph was developed. It is proposed that the SNS field could be characterized by geometric dilution of precision changing both in space and in time. Based on the theory of graphs (A-star algorithm) the technique of constructing a trajectory of optimal length under conditions of SNS accuracy variations and external flight path disturbances is proposed. The criterion of optimization based on minimizing the true track is offered. The cost function taking into account the track holding accuracy in navigating by SNS and effects of external flight disturbances is justified. The article represents the results of A-star algorithm application for optimal flight track construction under conditions of SNS accuracy field variation and presence of prohibited zones in the provide zone of airspace

Download Full-text

Radio engineering support of aircraft flights and aviation telecommunications

10.12737/1242223 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Sergey Kudryakov ◽

Valeriy Kul'chickiy ◽

Nikolay Povarenkin ◽

Viktor Ponomarev ◽

Evgeniy Rubcov ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Traffic Management ◽

Air Traffic Management ◽

Self Control ◽

Training Manual ◽

Navigation Systems ◽

Master's Program ◽

Radio Engineering ◽

Aircraft Flight ◽

Satellite Navigation Systems ◽

Radio Beacon

The training manual describes the basics of radio engineering support for flights, the organization of radio engineering support for flights, and the general characteristics of flight support equipment. Information is provided about drive radios, marker beacons, radio beacon landing systems, automatic direction finders, RSBN system, VOR and DME beacons, satellite navigation systems, as well as radar surveillance equipment. The basics of telecommunications, issues of aviation telecommunications, as well as information about the means of aviation telecommunications are presented. There are questions for self-control. It is intended for students studying under the specialty program in the specialty 25.05.05 "Aircraft operation and air traffic management"; for students studying under the bachelor's program in the direction of training 25.03.04 "Airport operation and aircraft flight support", as well as for students studying under the master's program in the direction 25.04.04 "Airport Operation and aircraft flight support".

Download Full-text

Airport Surface Movement – Critical Analysis of Navigation System Performance Requirements

Journal of Navigation ◽

10.1017/s0373463310000500 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 64 (2) ◽

pp. 281-294 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Wolfgang Schuster ◽

Washington Ochieng

Keyword(s):

Traffic Management ◽

Critical Analysis ◽

Air Traffic Management ◽

Air Travel ◽

Navigation Systems ◽

Surface Movement ◽

Performance Requirements ◽

Flight Profile ◽

Increasing Demand ◽

Satellite Navigation Systems

The CNS/ATM concept envisages reliance on global satellite navigation systems to underpin future air traffic management that is able to cope with the ever-increasing demand for air travel without jeopardising safety and the environment. In order to benefit from GNSS, it is crucial that the navigation performance required of air navigation systems is derived and agreed, based on sound principles. Significant work has been undertaken to date and agreement reached on the navigation requirements for the phases of flight up to Category I (CAT-I) precision approach, and proposals are under discussion for CAT-III precision approach. This paper completes a typical flight profile by addressing airport surface movement, and proposing the requirements based on operational requirements for each airport category, to support operations in zero visibility conditions. The benefits of the approach taken in the derivation of the requirements are discussed relative to the existing navigation requirements.

Download Full-text

Lateral leveling technology at setting railway tracks in the design position

Geodesy and Cartography ◽

10.22389/0016-7126-2020-962-8-18-23 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 962 (8) ◽

pp. 18-23

Author(s):

V.V. Scherbakov ◽

A.P. Karpik ◽

I.V. Scherbakov ◽

M.N. Barsuk

Keyword(s):

Control System ◽

Mobile Communications ◽

Human Factor ◽

Railway Track ◽

Precision Measurements ◽

Navigation Systems ◽

Automated Control ◽

Automated Control System ◽

Satellite Navigation Systems ◽

The Cost

The automation of the lateral leveling method at constructing and repairing railways is covered in the article. The essence of this method is comparing the design distances between the axes of the repaired and the adjacent track having a given step (leveling plot) with the actual data obtained from the leveling rail and using the control system of the lifting-and-leveling device to offset the path to the design value. At the same time, the disadvantages of this method are obvious – this is copying the bumps of the adjacent track to that being at repair. Automation eliminates the disadvantages of the existing technology for setting the railway track into the design position using lateral leveling. The authors show the schematic diagram and device of the automated control system ACS-3D for setting the path into the design position, created with considering the exclusion of the "human factor" influence, a high automation degree and minimizing the cost of creating a digital project, as well as eliminating the need for mobile communications and that of high-precision measurements by global satellite navigation systems.

Download Full-text

EVALUATION OF SMALL UNMANNED AIRCRAFT FLIGHT TRAJECTORY ACCURACY / IŠORINIŲ FAKTORIŲ ĮTAKOS NEDIDELIO AUTONOMINIO ORLAIVIO SKRYDŽIO TRAJEKTORIJOS TIKSLUMUI VERTINIMAS

Mokslas - Lietuvos ateitis ◽

10.3846/mla.2014.703 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 6 (5) ◽

pp. 577-582

Author(s):

Ramūnas Kikutis ◽

Jonas Stankūnas

Keyword(s):

Theoretical Calculations ◽

High Reliability ◽

Unmanned Aircraft ◽

Flight Path ◽

Flight Trajectory ◽

Circular Trajectory ◽

Aircraft Flight ◽

Air Space ◽

Wind Influence ◽

Main Factors

Today small unmanned aircraft are being more widely adapted for practical tasks. These tasks require high reliability and flight path accuracy. For such aircraft we have to deal with the chalenge how to compensate external factors and how to ensure the accuracy of the flight trajectory according to new regulations and standards. In this paper, new regulations for the flights of small unmanned aircraft in Lithuanian air space are discussed. Main factors, which affect errors of the autonomous flight path tracking, are discussed too. The emphasis is on the wind factor and the flight path of Dubbin’s trajectories. Research was performed with mathematical-dynamic model of UAV and it was compared with theoretical calculations. All calculations and experiments were accomplished for the circular part of Dubbin’s paths when the airplane was trimmed for circular trajectory flight in calm conditions. Further, for such flight the wind influence was analysed. Nedideli autonominiai orlaiviai yra vis plačiau pritaikomi praktinėms užduotims, kurioms reikalingas aukštas skrydžio patikimumas bei trajektorijos tikslumas, vykdyti. Kuriant bei naudojant tokius orlaivius, reikia vertinti egzistuojančių standartų bei taisyklių reikalavimus ir išorinių faktorių įtaką skrydžių trajektorijos tikslumui. Darbe aptariamos naujausios skrydžių autonominiais orlaiviais Lietuvoje taisyklės bei pagrindiniai faktoriai, darantys įtaką skrydžio trajektorijos paklaidoms. Darbe didžiausias dėmesys skirtas vėjo faktoriaus įtakos skrydžio trajektorijai vertinti, kai automatinio valdymo sistema nesiima koreguojamųjų veiksmų. Tyrimas atliktas remiantis teoriniais skaičiavimais bei traktuojant, kad orlaivis – taškinis kūnas. Šie rezultatai palyginti su gautaisiais panaudojus orlaivio dinaminį modelį.

Download Full-text

Estimation of Errors in Determination of the Ground Speed in the Aircraft Flight Tests with the Use of the Satellite Navigation Systems

Mekhatronika Avtomatizatsiya Upravlenie ◽

10.17587/mau.16.771-776 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 16 (11) ◽

pp. 771-776

Author(s):

S. G. Pushkov ◽

◽

O. N. Korsun ◽

A. A. Yatsko ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

Satellite Navigation ◽

Navigation Systems ◽

Flight Tests ◽

Ground Speed ◽

Aircraft Flight ◽

Satellite Navigation Systems

Download Full-text

Optimization of an aircraft flight trajectory in the GLONASS dynamic accuracy field

Civil Aviation High TECHNOLOGIES ◽

10.26467/2079-0619-2018-21-5-56-66 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 21 (5) ◽

pp. 56-66 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

O. N. Skrypnik ◽

N. G. Arefyeva ◽

R. O. Arefyev

Keyword(s):

Navigation System ◽

Orbital Motion ◽

Satellite Navigation ◽

Geometric Factor ◽

Route Optimization ◽

Navigation Systems ◽

Satellite Navigation System ◽

Aircraft Flight ◽

Dynamic Accuracy ◽

Satellite Navigation Systems

Advanced technologies in air traffic management assume the transition to flexible routing based on the use of the satellite navigation systems. However, the accuracy of these systems depends on the location of the navigation satellites in relation to the target object and will vary in the available airspace. Therefore, the designed optimal flight path of the aircraft should be built taking into account the accuracy of its keeping in the variable navigation-time field (accuracy field) of the satellite navigation system. The accuracy field of the satellite navigation systems can be characterized by the geometric factor (spatial, horizontal and vertical). The geometric factor of the satellite navigation system is determined by the relative position of the consumer and the satellites upon which the navigation problem is solved, and is a deterministic value. Due to the orbital motion of satellites and the movement of the consumer, the geometric factor will change in space and time. Knowing the laws of the satellites orbital motion it is possible to calculate the geometric factor for any point in the air space and for any moment of time according to the known almanac of the system. This allows predicting the expected accuracy of the navigation and time determination during the flight on a particular air route. Optimization methods based on the algorithms of A-star and Dijkstra graph theory are chosen for aircraft flight trajectories construction. Mathematical modeling is used for the optimal trajectory construction in the GLONASS dynamic accuracy fields with their various structures in static and dynamic problem setting.

Download Full-text

Planning of Future Satellite Navigation Systems

Journal of Navigation ◽

10.1017/s0373463398008078 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 52 (1) ◽

pp. 47-59 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

John Spiller ◽

Tony Tapsell ◽

Richard Peckham

Keyword(s):

Cost Benefit Analysis ◽

Cost Benefit ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Satellite Navigation ◽

Wide Area ◽

Navigation Systems ◽

Gradual Evolution ◽

Coverage Accuracy ◽

Satellite Navigation Systems ◽

The Cost

This paper is based on the results of the ‘GNSS Support Task’ study for the European Commission, DGXIII. It summarises the results of the cost benefit analysis in terms of coverage, accuracy and safety requirements for different types of user and describes the most cost-effective GNSS 2 architecture. These analyses also assume that the overall system is layered into wide area, regional and local systems. The future planning of satellite navigation is essentially driven by the wide area requirements and ensuring that these are global and seamless. There is some flexibility in coverage and accuracy for a wide area system in that it can be augmented regionally or locally if required, but it must provide the highest level of safety required. The paper approaches the architecture for a future navigation system from this safety aspect. An analysis of the chosen architecture shows that the required safety performance can be met. An implementation plan is described which allows a gradual evolution from the first system to be realized for safety critical operations to a fully civilian owned and operated system.

Download Full-text