ASSESSMENT OF WATER QUALITY AND POLLUTION LOAD IN TEJASWINI RIVER NEAR THE MALAVETTUVAN TRIBAL SETTLEMENT, CHERUPUZHA PANCHAYATH, KERALA, INDIA

Rivers are one of the primary sources of water for drinking, irrigation and other domestic purposes.The present study deals with the water quality assessment of Tejaswini river of Cherupuzha Panchayath, Kannur district, Kerala. The water samples collected from five different sites were analyzed for parameters such as temperature, color, pH, BOD, DO, calcium, magnesium and Escherichia coli. The analysis of the physico– chemical and microbiological characters of the river water indicated that the water quality study of site I was affected severely because the study site is very near to the tribal settlements and also the tribes use thisarea mainly for sewage disposal. Study site II, III, IV and V, which are away from the tribal settlement, the river water is not polluted as it is very far away from the tribal settlement and also nearer to forest canopy. Water from study site I which not suitable for drinking and other domestic use. Therefore, source protectionis suggested for the site I water bodies for the benefit of mankind because it is not safe for human consumption.

Download Full-text

Water Quality of Melamchi River of Sindhupalchok District, Central Nepal

Journal of Natural History Museum ◽

10.3126/jnhm.v29i0.19034 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 29 ◽

pp. 9-18

Author(s):

Abhr R Mishra ◽

Ranjana Gupta

Keyword(s):

River Water ◽

Chemical Characteristic ◽

Monthly Basis ◽

Central Nepal ◽

Physico Chemical ◽

Calcium Magnesium ◽

Domestic Use ◽

High Level ◽

The Impact

The present study was carried out to estimate the physico-chemical characteristic of Melamchi River from January 2011 to December 2013 with a view to assess the nature and degree of pollution. Melamchi River is a snowmelt and rain fed river. River water is mainly used for drinking and irrigation. Water samples were collected on monthly basis from five sites of river. Parameters analyzed include temperature, electrical conductivity, turbidity, pH, hardness, alkalinity, dissolved oxygen, calcium, magnesium, chloride, phosphate, and nitrate. The study revealed seasonal fluctuations of the factors. River water was well oxygenated and alkaline in nature. High level for turbidity (43.25/ NTU) was observed during monsoon, which exceeded compliance levels of WHO (2011) tolerance limits (5/ NTU) for domestic use. Water contained more TDS and EC indicating the impact of agriculture and deforestation near the river area. The analyzed physico-chemical parameters were found within the permissible limit of WHO, except turbidity. Measures should be taken to regulate agricultural and deforestation activities upriver to avoid advert conditions.J. Nat. Hist. Mus. Vol. 29, 2015,, Page: 9-18

Download Full-text

Ganga River Water Quality Assessment using Combined Approaches: Physico-Chemical Parameters and Cyanobacterial Toxicity Detection with Special Reference to Microcystins and Molecular Characterization of Microcystin Synthetase (Mcy) Genes Carrying Cyanobacteria

10.21203/rs.3.rs-518007/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

VIGYA KESARI ◽

Sanjay Kumar ◽

Indrajeet Yadav ◽

Antra Chatterjee ◽

Shweta Rai ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Quality Assessment ◽

River Water ◽

Water Quality Assessment ◽

River Water Quality ◽

Ganga River ◽

World Health ◽

Coliform Bacteria ◽

Chemical Parameters ◽

Physico Chemical

Abstract Water quality assessment relies mostly on physico-chemical based characterization however, eutrophication and climate change advocate the abundance of toxic microcystins (MCs) producing cyanobacteria as emerging bio-indicator. In the present study, a spatial-temporal analysis was carried out at ten sampling sites of Prayagraj and Varanasi during June 2017 and March 2018 to determine the Ganga River water quality using physico-chemical parameters, cyanobacteria diversity, detection of MCs producing strains and MC-LR equivalence. Coliform bacteria, COD, NO3-N and phosphate are the significant contaminated parameters favoring the growth of putative MCs producing cyanobacteria. National Sanitation Foundation WQI (NSFWQI) indicates water quality, either bad or medium category at sampling points. The morphological analysis confirms the occurrence of diverse cyanobacterial genera such as Microcystis, Anabaena, Oscillatoria, Phormidium etc. PCR amplification affirmed the presence of toxic microcystin (mcy) genes in uncultured cyanobacteria at all the sampling sites. The concentration of MC-LR equivalence in water samples by protein phosphatase 1 inhibition assay (PPIA) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) methods was observed in the range of 23.4–172 ng/L and 13.2–97.5 ng/L respectively which is lower than the harmful exposure limit by World Health Organization (WHO). Ganga isolate 1 was identified as Microcystis based on partial 16S rDNA sequence and its toxicity was confirmed due to presence of mcy genes and MCs production potential. These findings suggest the presence of MCs producers as new emerging parameter to monitor water quality index and identification up to species level will be valuable for restoration strategies of river Ganga.

Download Full-text

Modification of the Water Quality Index (WQI) Process for Simple Calculation Using the Multi-Criteria Decision-Making (MCDM) Method: A Review

Water ◽

10.3390/w13070905 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (7) ◽

pp. 905

Author(s):

Naseem Akhtar ◽

Muhammad Izzuddin Syakir Ishak ◽

Mardiana Idayu Ahmad ◽

Khalid Umar ◽

Mohamad Shaiful Md Yusuff ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Decision Making ◽

Water Quality Index ◽

Quality Index ◽

Water Quality Assessment ◽

Simple Calculation ◽

Great Accuracy ◽

Parameter Selection ◽

Human Consumption ◽

Multi Criteria Decision Making

Human activities continue to affect our water quality; it remains a major problem worldwide (particularly concerning freshwater and human consumption). A critical water quality index (WQI) method has been used to determine the overall water quality status of surface water and groundwater systems globally since the 1960s. WQI follows four steps: parameter selection, sub-indices, establishing weights, and final index aggregation, which are addressed in this review. However, the WQI method is a prolonged process and applied to specific water quality parameters, i.e., water consumption (particular area and time) and other purposes. Therefore, this review discusses the WQI method in simple steps, for water quality assessment, based on two multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) methods: (1) analytical hierarchical process (AHP); and (2) measuring attractiveness by a categorically based evaluation technique (MACBETH). MCDM methods can facilitate easy calculations, with less effort and great accuracy. Moreover, the uncertainty and eclipsing problems are also discussed—a challenge at every step of WQI development, particularly for parameter selection and establishing weights. This review will help provide water management authorities with useful knowledge pertaining to water usage or modification of existing indicators globally, and contribute to future WQI planning and studies for drinking, irrigation, domestic, and industrial purposes.

Download Full-text

Physico-chemical attributes of water of Hakaluki Haor, Sylhet, Bangladesh

Jahangirnagar University Journal of Biological Sciences ◽

10.3329/jujbs.v3i2.28287 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 67-72

Author(s):

Md Tajul Islam ◽

M Mahfuzur Rahman ◽

Hassan Mahmud

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Seasonal Variation ◽

Water Samples ◽

Water Quality Assessment ◽

Inorganic Pollutants ◽

Chemical Parameters ◽

Ph Values ◽

Physico Chemical ◽

Significant Seasonal Variation ◽

Chemical Attributes

Water quality assessment has been carried out in the Hakaluki Haor of greater Sylhet district during May, 2013 to February, 2014. Water samples were collected from 5 spots during 4 seasons and a total of 15 physico-chemical parameters were studied. Significant seasonal variation was observed in all seasons among physico-chemical parameters. pH values varied from 5.9 - 7.1, water temperature varied from 23.7 26.7OC, transference varied from 23-53 cm, TSS varied from 18.1-192 mg/l, TDS varied 25-193.5 mg/l, EC varied from 30-680 ?s/cm , DO content of water varied from 4.6 - 5.6mg/l, BOD varied from 0.2-2.614 mg/l, COD varied from 38-312 mg/l, NO3-N varied from 0.1-30.4 mg/l, NH3 varied from 0.9-2.18 mg/l, alkalinity varied from 12-42 mg/l and PO4 varied from 0.9 -13.4 (mg/l). Agricultural and inorganic pollutants have been observed as the main causes of the Haor water pollution.Jahangirnagar University J. Biol. Sci. 3(2): 67-72, 2014 (December)

Download Full-text

SEASONAL BIOLOGICAL WATER QUALITY ASSESSMENT OF RIVER KSHIPRA USING BENTHIC MACRO-INVERTEBRATES

International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH ◽

10.29121/granthaalayah.v3.i9se.2015.3187 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 3 (9SE) ◽

pp. 1-7

Author(s):

Akhand Archna ◽

Shrivastava Sharad ◽

Akhand Pratibha

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

River Water ◽

Benthic Fauna ◽

Water Quality Assessment ◽

Seasonal Abundance ◽

Dominant Group ◽

Biological Water ◽

Water Quality Status ◽

Biological Water Quality

The water quality of River Kshipra in stretch of 195 km was studied for water quality status using benthic macro invertebrates for all three seasons’ monsoon, winter and summer. The River water quality is subject to severe domestic and industrial pollution at compete stretch of River. In the present investigation a total of 13 Orders of macrobenthic fauna i.e. Ephemeroptera, Trichoptera, Placoptera, Coleoptera, Hemiptera, Odonata, Crustacea, Diptera, Pulmonata, Operculata, Pulmonata, Oligochaeta and Hirudinea belong to 3 Phylum’s Arthropoda, Mollusca and Annelida were reported. Arthropoda was the most dominant group in all seasons. On seasonal comparison of benthic fauna is observe that abundance were decreasing order were, Winter > Monsoon > summer. To monitor the water quality samples from two years (2010-12) from different stations were collected monthly. The works highlighted the condition of the River water in various seasons with respect of the seasonal abundance of the benthic macro-invertebrates organisms mentioned above.

Download Full-text

Development of water quality index of ex-mining ponds in Malaysia

Malaysian Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences ◽

10.11113/mjfas.v15n2019.1079 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

pp. 54-60 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Isa Baba Koki ◽

Sharifuddin Md Zain ◽

Low Kah Hin ◽

Azman Azid ◽

Hafizan Juahir ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Water Quality Index ◽

Quality Index ◽

Human Consumption ◽

Chemical Parameters ◽

Metal Pollutants ◽

Physico Chemical ◽

Klang Valley ◽

Mining Water ◽

Quality Status

In this paper, a study on the development of water quality index of ex-mining ponds was carried out for proper assessment and utilization of the abundant ex-mining ponds in Malaysia. Heavy metals were analyzed using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrophotometer (ICPMS), and physico chemical parameters were analyzed in-situ. Chemometric analysis was successfully applied for the parameter selection process. The water quality index of existing Malaysian river did not accommodate the toxic metal pollutants that dominanted in ex-mining water. The acceptable index should therefore incorporate the metal pollutants in order to evaluate the quality status of ex-mining water for human consumption which is the major point of consideration. Two water quality indices were developed to assess the water quality status of ex-mining ponds with reference to Malaysia’s water quality standard (INWQS). The heavy metal index was comprised of contribution from Pb, As, and Cd as the selected metals, while the physico-chemical parameter index has BOD, pH, DO, and AN. Chemometric analysis revealed the dominance of the selected heavy metals in ex-mining water, and physico-chemical parameters were important in water quality monitoring. Heavy metal water quality index revealed that most ex-mining ponds in Klang Valley were classified to be very poor hence could not be used for human consumption. Due to domestic input in some of the lakes in Klang Valley, the physico-chemical water quality index was in very poor status as well. In Melaka and Negeri Sembilan, ex-mining ponds and lakes were classified as excellent in both indices.

Download Full-text