scholarly journals Conservation and Restoration of Molybdobulls from the Fund of the Archaeological Museum "Veliki Preslav"

Author(s):  
Alexander Gorchev ◽  
◽  
Dimitar Dimitrov ◽  
◽  

Archaeological Museum "Veliki Preslav" has over 110 years of history. It was founded as part of the Archaeological Society "Ticha" on October 26, 1906 and lasted in this form until 1949. Then the museum was provided with a large building next to the church monument "St.St. Cyril and Methodius", not far from the Preslav Palace. In 1981, the museum was moved in a new purpose-built building, where it still welcomes history lovers from around the world. At the permanent exhibition you can see epigraphic monuments that testify to the spread of literature, as well as examples of artistic crafts, showing the rise of the Bulgarian state. The most striking examples of this are the Preslav golden treasure and objects of the Preslav white clay pottery. More than 35,000 objects are stored in the museum funds, 1700 of which are presented in the exposition hall. The most significant Preslav samples have been included in dozens of international exhibitions, in hundreds of scientific publications, film and media productions. Today Veliki Preslav has its own archeological museum with a magnificent exposition, visited annually by tens of thousands of Bulgarian and foreign tourists. The museum's collections most fully present the phenomenon of the Golden Age and illustrate the place of Simeon's capital as a leading center of Slavic writing, art and art crafts in Southeast Europe in the ninth and tenth centuries. More than 570 sphragistic monuments are stored in the museum's fund. For most of them there is accurate information about their location, which makes them full sources for Bulgarian history from IX - XI century. In 1978, a team of archaeologists led by Ivanka Akrabova-Zhandova, exploring the area in the southeastern part of the inner city of Preslav, discovered a building with massive foundations and preserved squares of construction, which plan resembles a pagan temple or shrine. As a result of the excavations, which continued in the following years, more than 500 molybdobulls, 250 lead cores and three molds for their casting have been discovered. These findings testify to the administrative nature of the building, in which not only the correspondence was stored, but it was also sent. Therefore, we are talking about an chancellery that served the local Byzantine strategists. Thanks to the seals found there, we found the names of 17 strategists of Preslav in the period 971-1059. The molybdobulls also present the names of persons who wrote to the local strategist. Almost all social groups in the empire are represented - from the emperor himself to the common spatary. In 2019, 50 lead seals were included in the exhibition "At the Gates of the Royal Court. Treasures of Veliki Preslav", which was opened at the Archaeological Museum in Sofia. In 2020, the project "Conservation and restoration of molybdobulls from the Strategy in Great Preslav" was completed. This project was implemented by the Archaeological Museum "Veliki Preslav" in partnership with National Archaeological Institute with Museum at the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences. 100 of the most affected molybdobulls have undergone conservation and restoration. Restoration activities are a necessary step that must be carried out before the digitalization of the sphragistic fund. Keywords: Conservation; Restoration; Molybdulls

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
L Worsfold ◽  
L Marriott ◽  
S Johnson ◽  
J Harper

Abstract Study question Are period trackers giving women accurate information about their periods and ovulation? Summary answer The top 10 period trackers gave conflicting information on period dates, ovulation day and the fertile window. What is known already Period tracking applications allow women to track their menstrual cycles and receive a prediction for their periods. The majority of applications also provide predictions of day of ovulation and the fertile window. Previous research indicates applications are basing predictions on assuming women undergo a textbook 28-day cycle with ovulation occurring on day 14 and a fertile window between days 10 and 17. Study design, size, duration An audit of menstrual cycle apps was conducted on the Apple app store using menstrual cycle tracker/period tracker as the search terms. The top ten apps that followed the inclusion and exclusion criteria were analysed and used for this study. All apps had the ability to allow retrospective data entry giving future cycle predictions and fertile window, and nine of the apps predicted a day of ovulation. Participants/materials, setting, methods Five women’s profiles for 6 menstrual cycles were created and entered into each app. Cycle length (CL) and ovulation day (OD) for the 6th cycle were; Woman 1 – Constant 28 day CL, 0D 16, Woman 2 – Average 23 day CL, OD 13, Woman 3 – Average 28 day CL, OD 17, Woman 4 – Average 33 day CL, OD 20 and Woman 5 – Irregular, average 31 day CL, OD 14. Main results and the role of chance For cycle length, the apps all predicted woman 1’s cycles correctly but for women 2–5, the apps predicted 0 to 8 days shorter or longer than expected. For day of ovulation; for woman 1, no apps predicted this correctly; the apps ranged from day 13–15. For woman 2, 1 app was correct and overall the apps showed a lot of variation from day 8 to 13. For woman 3, no apps got it right, with a range of day 13–16. For woman 4, 2 apps got it right, but the apps ranged from day 13–20. For woman 5, no apps got right; the apps ranged from day 13–21. Irrespective of cycle length, 7 apps predicted a fertile window of 7 days in almost all cases; except 1 app that predicted 6 days for woman 2 and a different app which predicted 8 days for woman 4. For the remaining 3 apps, one always predicted a 10 day fertile window. One app predicted an 11 day fertile window in 4/5 women. One app predicted a 12 day fertile window in 4/5 women. Limitations, reasons for caution The five profiles created spanned a range of observed cycle characteristics, but many permutations are possible. A Monte Carlo type analysis could be conducted to examine these possibilities to provide more precise assessment of app performance, but as data had to be added manually into apps, this was not possible. Wider implications of the findings: The apps do not use the same algorithm and show variation. The information given by these apps is not 100% accurate, especially for the day of ovulation and the fertile window which can only be predicted if using a marker of ovulation, such as basal body temperature or ovulation sticks. Trial registration number Not applicable


Author(s):  
Valeriy Ljubin ◽  

The review analyzes the approaches of the well-known Russian historian A.V. Shubin to the coverage of the typology of revolutions and the features and chronology of the Great Russian Revolution of 1917 and the Civil War of 1918-1922. Alexander Vladlenovich Shubin is Doctor of Historical Sciences, Chief Researcher at the Institute of World History, Russian Academy of Sciences, Professor at Russian State University for the Humanities, author of more than 20 monographs and about 200 scientific publications on the problems of Soviet history and history of leftist ideas and movements.


2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 155
Author(s):  
Sophia Wang

Journal of Mathematics Research wishes to acknowledge the following individuals for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Their help and contributions in maintaining the quality of the journal is greatly appreciated.Many authors, regardless of whether Journal of Mathematics Research publishes their work, appreciate the helpful feedback provided by the reviewers.Reviewers for Volume 9, Number 2  Alberto Simoes, University of Beira Interior, PortugalAli Berkol, Space and Defense Technologies & Baskent University, TurkeyArman Aghili, University of Guilan, IranCecilia Maria Fernandes Fonseca, Polytechnic of Guarda, PortugalGane Sam Lo, Universite Gaston Berger de Saint-Louis, SenegalMarek Brabec, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Czech RepublicMaria Alessandra Ragusa, University of Catania, ItalyMohammad Sajid, Qassim University, Saudi ArabiaMohd Hafiz, Universiti Sains Malaysia, , MalaysiaN. V. Ramana Murty, Andhra Loyola College, IndiaOlivier Heubo-Kwegna, Saginaw Valley State University, USAOmur Deveci, Kafkas University, TurkeyÖzgür Ege, Celal Bayar University, TurkeyPeng Zhang, State University of New York at Stony Brook, USAPhilip Philipoff, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, BulgariaRovshan Bandaliyev, National Academy of Sciences of Azerbaijan, AzerbaijanSanjib Kumar Datta, University of Kalyani, IndiaSelcuk Koyuncu, University of North Georgia, USASergiy Koshkin, University of Houston Downtown, USAShenghua Ni, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, USAVishnu Narayan Mishra, Sardar Vallabhbhai National Institute of Technology, IndiaWaleed Al-Rawashdeh, Montana Tech, USAYifan Wang, University of Houston, USAYoussef Ei Foutayeni, Modeling and Simulation Laboratory Lams Hassan II University, MoroccoYoussef El-Khatib, United Arab Emirates University, United Arab EmiratesZoubir Dahmani, University of Mostaganem, Algeria Sophia WangOn behalf of,The Editorial Board of Journal of Mathematics ResearchCanadian Center of Science and Education


2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 94
Author(s):  
Ellery Willianms

Business and Management Studies (BMS) would like to acknowledge the following reviewers for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Many authors, regardless of whether BMS publishes their work, appreciate the helpful feedback provided by the reviewers. Their comments and suggestions were of great help to the authors in improving the quality of their papers. Each of the reviewers listed below returned at least one review for this issue.Reviewers for Volume 4, Number 4 Andrzej Niemiec, Poznań University of Economics and Business, PolandAshford Chea, Benedict College, USAFábio Albergaria de Queiroz, Catholic University of Brasília, BrazilFlorin Peci, University of Peja, KosovoHung-Che Wu, Nanfang College of Sun Yat-sen University, ChinaIulia Cristina Muresan, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, RomaniaJason Caudill, King University, USAJulia Stefanova, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, BulgariaLucie Andreisová, University of Economics in Prague, CzechMichael Okoche, University of South Africa, UgandaMike Rayner, University of Portsmouth, UKOzgur Demirtas, Inonu University, TurkeyRocsana Tonis, Spiru Haret University, RomaniaZeki Atıl Bulut, Dokuz Eylul University, TurkeyZoran Mastilo, University of East Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina         Ellery WillianmsEditorial AssistantOn behalf of,The Editorial Board of Business and Management StudiesRedfame Publishing9450 SW Gemini Dr. #99416Beaverton, OR 97008, USAURL: http://bms.redfame.com


Author(s):  
Hristina Deykova ◽  

The article deals with the origin of the Bulgarian vocabulary according to the multi-volume Bulgarian etymological dictionary, one of the main nationally significant projects of the Institute for Bulgarian Language at the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences. In summary, it presents the different chronological and genetic layers of vocabulary that build the Bulgarian language. The two main layers of vocabulary are emphasized - the original Slavic and the later Balkan layer, which characterize the language as both Slavic and Balkan. The classical (literary) Old Church Slavonic source is pointed out, as well as other older and new foreign sources and the different ways of penetration of the lexical units into the literary and colloquial language and in the Bulgarian dialects are revealed.


2021 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-191
Author(s):  
Malina Dimitrova ◽  

About Ivan Vazov everything seems to have been researched, written and published. Among the many literary criticisms devoted to his life and work, as well as documentary publications, the relationships with his translators and foreign publishers, to whom I believe we have a cultural and moral duty, are very rarely mentioned. However, the correspondence between him and the Croat Fran Gundrum-Oriovac stands out among all. No one else has translated as many of Vazov's works as this Croatian writer. Unfortunately, the acquaintance with Fran Gundrum's archive is indirect, but I would venture to focus on his translation practice, the regulation of relations between the two, their long-term cooperation and the reception of Vazov's work in Croatia. The proposed interpretation of the “File” does not claim to exhaust the relationship between the two. Our task is based on the personal correspondence published in Volume 10 of the Bulletin of the Institute of Literature of the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences in 1961 between Dr. Fran Gundrum and Ivan Vazov – to try to reconstruct the translation and publishing strategies of Fran Gundrum.


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