Fungal and Bacterial Co-Infection of Sea Bass (Dicentrarchus labrax, Linnaeus 1758) in a Recirculating Aquaculture System: Saprolegnia parasitica and Aeromonas hydrophila

European sea bass and Ulva sp. were co-cultured in different tanks of an indoor Recirculating Aquaculture System (Ulva-RAS) with bacterial biofilter, in an effort to optimize the efficiency of the system and to further decrease the waste effluent. A system with similar culture conditions, without Ulva, was used as a control-RAS to elucidate integration effects on growth performance and chemical composition of sea bass. The role of Ulva on N and P concentrations, gas (O2, CO2) and pH in water was also investigated. Fish were fed a diet of fish oil replacement (55%) with a mixture of rapeseed oil and palm oil (1:1). Our data showed that Ulva could uptake N and P nutrients, but could also enrich sea water with phosphates. Sea bass reared in Ulva-RAS exhibited isometric growth, while fish in control-RAS showed a positive allometric growth and an increased variance of body weight and length. In addition, sea bass in Ulva-RAS demonstrated significantly higher levels of condition factor (K), feed intake, protein, lipid, P, EPA and DHA content (% wet weight of total body) and lipid productive value, compared to fish in control-RAS. Ulva, after bi-weekly culture, showed increased protein content (60%) compared to wild seaweed collected nearshore. Cultivated Ulva obtained dark green color, doubled chlorophyll concentrations, and exhibited lower levels of saturated and higher levels of certain monounsaturated and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, indicating increased photosynthetic activity. Present results revealed the beneficial effects of Ulva on sea bass growth and quality, which led to an improved response to the nutritional stress imposed by the fish oil replacement with vegetable oils, thus contributing to a sustainable aquaculture. Moreover, it was concluded that Ulva could improve water quality by increasing pH and O2, reducing CO2 and contribute to bioremediation of ammonia and nitrates from water in integrated aquaculture.

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Evaluation of Poultry By-Product Meal as an Alternative to Fish Meal in the Diet of Juvenile Black Sea Bass Reared in a Recirculating Aquaculture System

North American Journal of Aquaculture ◽

10.1002/naaq.10009 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 80 (1) ◽

pp. 74-87 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Matthew R. Dawson ◽

Md Shah Alam ◽

Wade O. Watanabe ◽

Patrick M. Carroll ◽

Pamela J. Seaton

Keyword(s):

Black Sea ◽

Fish Meal ◽

Sea Bass ◽

Recirculating Aquaculture System ◽

Recirculating Aquaculture ◽

Aquaculture System ◽

Black Sea Bass

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Effects of dietary florfenicol contained feeds on growth and immunity of European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax) in flow-through and recirculating aquaculture system

Aquaculture Reports ◽

10.1016/j.aqrep.2021.100602 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 19 ◽

pp. 100602

Author(s):

Qian Zhang ◽

Yingqi Zhang ◽

Xianyu Zhang ◽

Md Hasim Rabbi ◽

Rui Guo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dicentrarchus Labrax ◽

Recirculating Aquaculture System ◽

Recirculating Aquaculture ◽

Aquaculture System ◽

European Seabass ◽

Flow Through

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Distribution of Pseudomonas fluorescens and Aeromonas hydrophila Bacteria in a Recirculating Aquaculture System during Farming of European Grayling (Thymallus thymallus L.) Broodstock

Water ◽

10.3390/w11020376 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 376 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Iwona Gołaś ◽

Mariusz Szmyt ◽

Jacek Potorski ◽

Michał Łopata ◽

Anna Gotkowska-Płachta ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Aeromonas Hydrophila ◽

Suspended Solids ◽

Total Suspended Solids ◽

Fish Biomass ◽

Recirculating Aquaculture System ◽

Thymallus Thymallus ◽

Bacterial Populations ◽

European Grayling ◽

Recirculating Aquaculture ◽

Aquaculture System

Pseudomonas fluorescens and Aeromonas hydrophila bacteria are opportunistic pathogens that occur naturally in the aquatic environment and in the gut flora of healthy fish. Both species can pose a serious threat for fish that are highly sensitive to water pollution. The aim of this study was to determine the extent to which the amount of administered fish feed and fish biomass affect the distribution and abundance of Ps. fluorescens and A. hydrophila bacteria in a recirculating aquaculture system (RAS) during farming of European grayling (Thymallus thymallus L.) broodstock. A total of 68 water samples from the inflow, two rearing tanks and the outflow as well as 17 feed samples were collected and analyzed separately. Bacterial populations were analyzed by the culture-dependent method and a molecular method (fluorescence in situ hybridization, FISH) to detect culturable strains and viable but non-culturable strains, respectively. Fish biomass, feed and 16 water quality parameters (temperature, pH, concentration of dissolved oxygen, oxygen saturation, five-day biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5), total phosphorus, total organic phosphorus and nitrogen, orthophosphates, total nitrogen, nitrite and nitrate nitrogen, ammonia nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen, total suspended solids, and total organic carbon) were the explanatory factors. Statistically significant differences (RM-ANOVA, p ≤ 0.05) were stated in bacterial abundance in samples from the inflow, rearing tanks and the outflow. Water samples from the RAS were abundantly colonized by non-culturable Ps. fluorescens and A. hydrophila bacteria. Feed was not a source of bacteria, but a redundancy analysis (RDA) revealed that the amount of feed, fish biomass, BOD5, and total suspended solids and total organic carbon were positively correlated in both Ps. fluorescens and A. hydrophila. These parameters also influenced the distribution of both potentially pathogenic bacterial populations and contributed to the bacterial contamination of water in the RAS. Our results are particularly valuable for aquacultures that help to replenish wild stocks and rebuild populations of threatened species in natural aquatic environments.

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Evaluation of salt-incorporated diets on growth, body composition and plasma electrolytes of black sea bass Centropristis striata reared in a semi-pilot scale low salinity recirculating aquaculture system

Aquaculture ◽

10.1016/j.aquaculture.2020.736102 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 533 ◽

pp. 736102

Author(s):

M.S. Alam ◽

W.O. Watanabe ◽

P.M. Carroll

Keyword(s):

Body Composition ◽

Sea Bass ◽

Pilot Scale ◽

Recirculating Aquaculture System ◽

Centropristis Striata ◽

Low Salinity ◽

Recirculating Aquaculture ◽

Aquaculture System ◽

Black Sea Bass ◽

Plasma Electrolytes

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Variation of Water Quality in Fish Farm Using Recirculating Aquaculture System for Fancy Carp

Journal of the Korean Society for Environmental Technology ◽

10.26511/jkset.19.1.5 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

pp. 37-45

Author(s):

Woo Jin Lee ◽

Seon Woo Baek ◽

Ha Na Seo ◽

Byeong Wook Kong ◽

Deog Gwan Ra ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Fish Farm ◽

Recirculating Aquaculture System ◽

Recirculating Aquaculture ◽

Aquaculture System

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Analysis of microbial community structure in an integrated pond recirculating aquaculture system

Journal of Fishery Sciences of China ◽

10.3724/sp.j.1118.2011.00407 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 18 (2) ◽

pp. 407-415

Author(s):

Yandan YAO ◽

Gu LI ◽

Ling TAO ◽

Xiaoli LI ◽

Shiyang ZHANG ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Community Structure ◽

Microbial Community ◽

Microbial Community Structure ◽

Recirculating Aquaculture System ◽

Recirculating Aquaculture ◽

Aquaculture System

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Denitrification Control in a Recirculating Aquaculture System—A Simulation Study

Processes ◽

10.3390/pr8101306 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (10) ◽

pp. 1306

Author(s):

Pedro Almeida ◽

Laurent Dewasme ◽

Alain Vande Wouwer

Keyword(s):

Carbon Source ◽

Carbon Sources ◽

Aquatic Organisms ◽

Operating Conditions ◽

Toxic Substances ◽

Recirculating Aquaculture System ◽

Treatment Technology ◽

Tuning Method ◽

Recirculating Aquaculture ◽

Aquaculture System

The recirculating aquaculture system (RAS) is a land-based water treatment technology, which allows for farming aquatic organisms, such as fish, by reusing the water in the production (often less than 5%). This technology is based on the use of filters, either mechanical or biological, and can, in principle, be used for any species grown in aquaculture. Due to the low recirculation rate, ammonia accumulates in the system and must be converted into nitrate using nitrification reactors. Although less toxic for fish, nitrate can also be further reduced into nitrogen gas by the use of denitrification biofilters which may create several issues, such as incomplete denitrification, resulting in toxic substances, such as nitrite and nitric oxide, or a waste of carbon source in excess. Control of the added quantity of carbon source in the denitrification biofilter is then mandatory to keep nitrate/nitrite concentrations under toxic levels for fish and in accordance with local effluent regulations, and to reduce costs related to wasted organic carbon sources. This study therefore investigates the application of different control methodologies to a denitrification reactor in a RAS. To this end, a numerical simulator is built to predict the RAS behavior and to allow for the comparison of different control approaches, in the presence of changes in the operating conditions, such as fish density and biofilter removal efficiency. First, a classical proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller was designed, based on an SIMC tuning method depending on the amount of ammonia excreted by fish. Then, linearizing and cascade controllers were considered as possible alternatives.

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