scholarly journals High frequency callus induction and proliferation of MD2 pineapple (Ananas comosus)

Food Research ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (S5) ◽  
pp. 115-123
Author(s):  
A.N. Salihan ◽  
N.A. Yusuf
Keyword(s):  
Callus Culture ◽  
Callus Induction ◽  
Callus Formation ◽  
In Vitro Regeneration ◽  
Ananas Comosus ◽  
Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Metabolites Production ◽  
2,4 Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid

Ananas comosus var. MD2 is currently the most preferred pineapple variety in the international market due to its pleasant aroma and high Brix acidity ratio. In vitro approaches such as callus culture is promising in producing disease-free plantlet. However, there are limited studies reported on callus culture of MD2 variety despite the potential of in vitro regeneration through biotechnological advances. The purpose of the study was to determine the effect of plant growth regulators (PGRs) i.e., 2,4- dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) and Thidiazuron (TDZ) on callus induction from leaf explant of MD2 pineapple. Leaf base explants were cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) media supplemented with varying concentration of 2,4-D (0.5 to 6.0 mg/L) alone and in combination with BAP (1.0 to 3.0 mg/L). The frequency of callus induction was seen significantly highest (91.67±8.33%) with maximum callus fresh weight (0.25±0.07 g) at a combination of 2.0 mg/L 2,4-D and 2.0 mg/L BAP. The shortest duration of callus formation was seen on day 12 with the lowest concentration of 2,4-D, 0.5 mg/L. There is a moderate correlation between the earliness of callus formation and the frequency of callus induction (P<0.01). The most favourable media for callus proliferation was 6.0 mg/L 2,4-D and 2.0 mg/L TDZ as the highest fresh weight of 1.52±0.03 g was recorded. Callus culture has the potential to be a source of plant material and secondary metabolites production. In this study, 2,4-D and BAP have successfully induced callus in MD2 pineapple.

scholarly journals Callus Formation on Endosperm from Immature and Mature Fruits of Barringtonia Racemosa

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (4.14) ◽  
pp. 107
Author(s):  
D S M Soder ◽  
D N A A Khalid ◽  
A Saleh ◽  
F Pardi ◽  
N J Sidik
Keyword(s):  
Callus Induction ◽  
Callus Formation ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽  
Maturity Stage ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Friable Callus ◽  
2,4 Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid

Barringtonia racemosa is mangroves type of plant which had been extensively utilized in conventional practices for relieving ailments of pain and inflammation. Many studies have been done on ethnobotanical profiles, pharmacological activities and chemical compounds in Barringtonia racemosa. However, there is a limited study on callogenesis of this plant particularly from different maturity stage of fruits. The present study is to identify the callogenesis of Barringtonia racemosa from endosperm explants of immature and mature fruits in MS medium supplemented with different concentrations of hormones 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) (0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 mg/L) and Kinetin (KIN) (0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 mg/L). The optimum hormone combination was found in callus grown on endosperm of immature fruits in MS medium supplemented with 1.5 mg/L 2,4-D and 1.0 mg/L KIN. It was also found that the callus in this treatment grew profusely with highest fresh weight (0.513 ± 0.022 g), 100% callus induction and friable callus texture. The callus fresh weight on endosperm explants was higher in immature fruits compared to mature fruits for all the hormone combinations. Therefore, callogenesis were found more efficient from endosperm explant of immature fruits in Barringtonia racemosa species.   

scholarly journals Smooth leaf (spineless) Red Spanish pineapple (Ananas comosus) propagated in vitro

1969 ◽  
Vol 73 (4) ◽  
pp. 301-311
Author(s):  
Lii J. Liu ◽  
Evelyn Rosa-Márquez ◽  
Enid Lizardi
Keyword(s):  
Callus Formation ◽  
Ananas Comosus ◽  
Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽  
Meristem Culture ◽  
Standard Medium ◽  
Shoot Differentiation ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
One Year ◽  
2,4 Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid

Some 40,000 plantlets of Red Spanish pineapple [Ananas comosus (L. Merr.)] were produced via meristem culture. Of these, approximately 50% were spineless. Some of these spineless plantlets reversed to spiny leaf. However, the percentage of reversion from spineless to spiny was 14.1% and that from spiny to spineless was 32.7%. Of the 2,318 plantlets examined in the laboratory and greenhouse during a 3- to 4-month period, 72.9% of the spiny Red Spanish pineapple remained spiny and 85.8% of the spineless remained spineless. One year after field planting, the spineless Red Spanish remained largely spineless and initiated flowering and fruit settings the same as the spiny ones. The standard medium for in vitro propagation of Red Spanish pineapple was improved by supplementing Murashige and Skoog's basic formula (MS) with 0.1 mg/L, 2,4- dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) + 0.5 mg/L benzyl adenine (BA). The callus formation was improved by adding to the same MS formula 10 mg/L BA + 4 mg/L naphtalene acetic acid (NAA). Similarly, shoot differentiation was improved by adding low concentrations of hormone (0.1 mg/L NAA) to the Abo El-Nil and Zettler (AZ) medium.

scholarly journals (282) In Vitro Indirect Organogenesis of Leucocoryne purpurea, an Ornamental Geophyte Species Endemic to Chile

HortScience ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 1051B-1051
Author(s):  
Luis Humberto Escobar Torres ◽  
Eduardo Alejandro Olate Muñoz ◽  
Miguel Jordan ◽  
Marlene Gebauer
Keyword(s):  
Callus Induction ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Average Frequency ◽  
Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Root Tips ◽  
Indirect Organogenesis ◽  
2,4 Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽  
Different Sources

Callus induction (CI) and later shoot induction (SI) were studied in Leucocoryne purpurea, a native and endemic Chilean geophyte species. Basal leaf portions (BL), bulb basal plate (BP), and root tips (RT) from in vitro plants were used as explants. Treatments for CI included all three explants and media containing different sources and concentrations of auxins and cytokinins as plant growth regulators (PGRs). Plant material was initiated on MS basal medium (Murashige and Skoog, 1962), supplemented with vitamins, 30 g·L-1 sucrose, 6.0 g·L-1 agar and pH adjusted to 5.7 before autoclaving. The experiments were carried on a growth chamber at 24 ± 1.5 °C. CI cultures were maintained in darkness for 16 weeks, and SI for 12 weeks in a 16-hour photoperiod. BL and RT explants did not respond to any of the CI treatments. BP explants cultured on MS basal medium without PGRs also did not produce any callus. The average frequency of callus induction for BP was 78% and the average fresh weight of callus was 10.06 g/explant after 16 weeks of culture. Best treatment for CI was BP cultured on 4.52 μm 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) in combination with 0.45 μm 6-benzyladenine (BA), when they were compared to 2,4-D alone or picloram as auxin source. After 16 weeks of culture, calli were transferred to SI medium, supplemented with three different concentrations of thidiazuron (TDZ), either intact or subdivided (150 mg/explant). SI treatments had a greater and significant response when the callus came from a CI medium containing auxin and cytokinin combined, in comparison to those coming from a CI medium containing auxins only.

scholarly journals Response of Different Explants for Callus Induction in Cucumber

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. 71-75
Author(s):  
Hasina Sultana ◽  
Lutfun Nahar ◽  
M. Mofazzal Hossain ◽  
Totan Kumar Ghosh ◽  
Md. Sanaullah Biswas
Keyword(s):  
Shoot Regeneration ◽  
Callus Induction ◽  
In Vitro Regeneration ◽  
Leaf Disc ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Regenerate Shoot ◽  
2,4 Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid

In vitro regeneration of cucumber is relatively difficult for genetic improvement. In this regard, different concentrations of growth regulators and three types of explants (cotyledon, hypocotyl and leaf disc) were investigated for their efficiency on callus induction potential. Among different explants explored for callus induction with different concentrations of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), leaf disc responded earlier (4.67 days) and showed higher percentage of callus induction (91.50%) with 2 mg/l 2,4-D supplemented Murashige and Skoog (MS) media. The same concentration of 2,4-D resulted in the maximum callus fresh (0.56 g) and dry weight (0.39 g) from leaf disc explant. Then the callus was transferred to untreated, 2.0 mg/l BAP + 0.2 mg/l NAA + 1.0 mg/l Kn, 2.0 mg/l BAP + 1.0 mg/l NAA + 1.0 mg/l Kn and 2.0 mg/l BAP + 1.5 mg/l NAA + 1.0 mg/l Kn fortified MS medium. After transferring the callus of different explants to shoot regeneration media containing different concentrations of 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP), 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) and Kinetin (Kn), only cotyledon callus started to regenerate shoot. The combination of BAP (2 mg/l) + NAA (0.2 mg/l) + Kn (1 mg/l) showed highest shoot regeneration percentage (67.77%) and the maximum number of shoots (5.12) per explant were recorded in the treatment combination of 2 mg/l BAP + 0.2 mg/l NAA + 1 mg/l Kn. These results provided a basis for the optimization of the callus induction protocol of cucumber for genetic transformation.

scholarly journals Optimization of Callogenesis/Caulogenesis Induction Protocol in Saffron Plant (Crocus sativus L.) Using Response Surface Methodology

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 4731-4746
Keyword(s):  
Callus Formation ◽  
In Vitro Regeneration ◽  
Shoot Formation ◽  
Crocus Sativus ◽  
Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Regeneration System ◽  
Indole Butyric Acid ◽  
2,4 Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid

The Crocus sativus, an endangered medicinal and aromatic plant in Morocco, has a low propagation rate in natural conditions and, therefore, an efficient method for in vitro propagation is required. This study investigated the effects of various hormones on the induction of callogenesis and callogenesis in C. sativus corms using the Box-Behnken experimental design. The best shoot formation was obtained with Murashige and Skoog fortified with 3 mg/L 6-Benzylaminopurine. On the other hand, callus formation was obtained with 3 mg/L 1-Naphthaleneacetic Acid or 3 mg/L 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid. However, a combination of 3 mg/L 6-Benzylaminopurine, 1.056 mg/L Indole Butyric Acid, and 3 mg/L 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid allows 50% caulogenesis and 60% callogenesis. The in vitro regeneration system could be utilized for both conservation and largescale multiplication of Crocus sativus corms.

scholarly journals Investigation of the in vitro regeneration of mericlones in the caribe variety of carnation

2001 ◽  
Vol 7 (3-4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zs. O. Kiss ◽  
A. Balogh ◽  
L. Fodorpataki
Keyword(s):  
Callus Formation ◽  
In Vitro Regeneration ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽  
Molar Ratios ◽  
Dark Violet ◽  
Murashige Skoog ◽  
Gibberelic Acid ◽  
2,4 Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid

In vitro culture conditions were experimented for the relatively sensitive, but very esthaetic "Caribe" variety of carnation with uniformly dark violet flowers. Regeneration of new plants from shoot apex meristems can be significantly improved by the combined addition of very low amounts of indolebutiric acid, benzyladenine and gibberelic acid, dissolved in the Murashige-Skoog nutrient medium. Callus formation as a prerequisite for the induction of somaclonal variability can be achieved successfully with certain molar ratios between 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and benzyladenine. Acclimation of the obtained mericlones to the ex vitro conditions was also evaluated.  

In vitro regeneration of Persian poppy (Papaver bracteatum)

Biologia ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Rostampour ◽  
Haleh Sohi ◽  
Ali Dehestani
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Callus Induction ◽  
High Performance ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
In Vitro Regeneration ◽  
Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽  
Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽  
Papaver Bracteatum ◽  
Callus Proliferation

AbstractPersian poppy (Papaver bracteatum Lindl.) is an important commercial source of medicinal opiates and related compounds. In this research, calli were induced from seeds, roots, cotyledons and hypocotyls of P. bracteatum at a high efficiency. The optimized callus induction media consisted of the Murashige and Skoog (MS) basic media supplemented with 1.0 mg/L 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), 0.1 mg/L kinetin and 15 mg/L ascorbic acid. The concentrations of 2,4-D and ascorbic acid were found critical to callus induction and proliferation. Subsequent subcultures resulted in excellent callus proliferation. Ascorbic acid at concentration 15 mg/L increased the callus proliferation significantly. Maximum callus growth was achieved when the explants were incubated at 25°C. MS salts at full strength were found inhibitory for callus induction, while ľ MS salts were found to favor callus induction. Shoot regeneration of calli in vitro was achieved on ľ MS medium containing 0.5 mg/L benzylamine purine and 1.0 mg/L naphthalene acetic acid. Analysis of alkaloid extracts from Persian poppy tissues by high-performance liquid chromatography showed that thebaine accumulated in the tissues of plants. The thebaine alkaloid profile of the Persian poppy is a well-defined model to evaluate the potential for metabolic engineering of thebaine production in P. bracteatum.

Selectivity of auxin for induction and growth of callus from excised embryo of spring and winter wheat

1984 ◽  
Vol 62 (7) ◽  
pp. 1393-1397 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. D. Zhou ◽  
T. T. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Chinese Spring ◽  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Callus Formation ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
2,4 Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽  
Methoxybenzoic Acid

The callus-promoting activity of most commonly known as well as some rarely tested auxins was compared with that of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) for in vitro culture of the excised embryo of spring and winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), cv. Chinese Spring and cv. Fredrick. Different auxins in a concentration range from 1 to 50 μM showed widely different activities. Also the two wheat cultivars responded differently to the auxins. When rapid callus formation with limited root growth was used as the basis for comparison, 2-(2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxy)propionic acid (2-MCPP), α-naphthaleneacetic acid, 3,6-dichloro-2-methoxybenzoic acid (dicamba), 4-amino-3,5,6,trichloropicolinic acid (picloram), γ-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)butyric acid, 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid, and 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxypropionic acid, in the order of effectiveness, were superior to 2,4,-D for callus induction from the embryo of 'Chinese Spring,' although the concentration required was higher than that of 2,4-D. For the winter wheat 'Fredrick,' however, only picloram, dicamba, and 2-MCPP performed as well as 2,4-D. All auxins tested promoted shoot growth; 2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxypropionic acid was most effective for 'Chinese Spring,' whereas picloram was most effective for 'Fredrick.'

scholarly journals Embryogenic Callus Induction of Aquilaira Malaccensis Lam. and Aquilaria Subintegra Ding Hou

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 5746-5751
Keyword(s):  
Callus Induction ◽  
Embryogenic Callus ◽  
Callus Formation ◽  
Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽  
Aseptic Culture ◽  
Aquilaria Malaccensis ◽  
The Family ◽  
Commercially Important ◽  
Embryogenic Callus Induction ◽  
2,4 Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid

Aquilaria malaccensis Lam. and Aquilaria subintegra Ding Hou belong to the family of Thymelaeaceae which is commonly known as gaharu or agarwood. It is a commercially important tree and identified as a potential aromatic plant. The overwhelming responses in the lodging sector reduce gaharu species in the forest. Mass propagation through plant tissue culture technology will substitute this problem. The present study was conducted to investigate the embryogenic callus induction between these two species. The most optimum sterilization method for both species was sodium hypochlorite 5.0% which gave the highest percentage of aseptic culture (95%) with the absence of tissue browning. The leaves of both species were cultured on Murashige and Skoog, (1962) (MS) media supplemented with combination of various concentrations of 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) (0.5, 1.0, 2.0 and 2.5 mg/L) and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2, 4-D) (0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 mg/L) and kept under dark condition. The explants produced embryogenic, white and compact callus at the end cut of the explants after two weeks of culture in all treatments. The highest frequency of embryogenic callus formation was observed in explants cultured on 2.0 mg/L BAP and 0.5 mg/L 2,4-D for both species. From the present study, the optimum sterilization technique and embryogenic callus induction for A. malaccensis Lam. and A. subintegra were established.

scholarly journals CALLUS INDUCTION ON BANANA FLOWER’S EXPLANT IN VITRO USING 2,4-DICHLOROPHENOXYACETIC (2,4-D)

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 66
Author(s):  
RINDANG - DWIYANI ◽  
HESTIN - YUSWATI ◽  
UTAMI -
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Callus Induction ◽  
Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽  
Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽  
Regeneration Medium ◽  
Indirect Organogenesis ◽  
2,4 Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽  
Banana Cultivar

ABSTRACT  The objective of the study was to obtain the best 2,4-D concentration on callus induction of the banana flowers in banana propagation using indirect organogenesis method. Kesuna, local banana cultivar obtained from Sembung Gede, Tabanan was used as explant material. Callus induction was performed using 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid with concentration of 0; 0.5; 1.0; 1.5 and 2.0 ppm. Each treatment was represented by 3 bottles and each bottle was planted with 3 explants, so each treatment was represented by 9 explants of banana flowers. The results showed that the concentration of 2.0 ppm 2.4-D induced callus with the fastest time and gave the highest percentage of the explants producing callus. The calluses were subsequently subcultured into regeneration medium using 0.5 mg/L Benzylaminopurine (BAP) and 0.005 mg/L Napthaleneaceticacid (NAA). The calluses were subsequently sub-cultured into a regeneration medium using 0.5 ppm (BAP) and 0.005 ppm Naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) to induce shoots and roots and performed plantlets.   Keywords: 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, banana’s flowers, callus

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