scholarly journals The influence of stressful life events, psychopathy, and their interaction on internalizing and externalizing psychopathology

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hedwig Eisenbarth ◽  
D Godinez ◽  
A du Pont ◽  
RP Corley ◽  
MC Stallings ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Events ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Stress Reactivity ◽  
Stressful Life ◽  
Externalizing Psychopathology ◽  
Primary Psychopathy ◽  
Internalizing Psychopathology ◽  
Secondary Psychopathy ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Internalizing And Externalizing

© 2018 Elsevier B.V. Exposure to stressful life events increases risk for both internalizing and externalizing psychopathology, but less is known about moderators of the association between stressful life events and psychopathology. The present study examined the influence of stressful life events, psychopathy, and their interaction on internalizing and externalizing psychopathology in 3877 individuals from the community. We hypothesized that (1) exposure to stressful life events would be a transdiagnostic risk factor for psychopathology, (2) primary and secondary psychopathy would be differentially associated with internalizing psychopathology, and (3) primary psychopathy would moderate the association between stressful life events and internalizing psychopathology. Confirming existing findings, our results were consistent with the first and second hypotheses. In contrast to our third hypothesis, primary psychopathy was not associated with stressful life events in childhood, inconsistently associated with stressful life events in adolescence, and did not moderate the association between stressful life events and internalizing psychopathology. Furthermore, stressful life events across development were associated with secondary psychopathy and internalizing and externalizing psychopathology. We also found similar associations between stressful life events, psychopathy, and psychopathology in females and males. Future studies investigating the impact of stressful life events on psychopathology should include psychopathic traits and stress-reactivity.

scholarly journals The influence of stressful life events, psychopathy, and their interaction on internalizing and externalizing psychopathology

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hedwig Eisenbarth ◽  
D Godinez ◽  
A du Pont ◽  
RP Corley ◽  
MC Stallings ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Events ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Stress Reactivity ◽  
Stressful Life ◽  
Externalizing Psychopathology ◽  
Primary Psychopathy ◽  
Internalizing Psychopathology ◽  
Secondary Psychopathy ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Internalizing And Externalizing

© 2018 Elsevier B.V. Exposure to stressful life events increases risk for both internalizing and externalizing psychopathology, but less is known about moderators of the association between stressful life events and psychopathology. The present study examined the influence of stressful life events, psychopathy, and their interaction on internalizing and externalizing psychopathology in 3877 individuals from the community. We hypothesized that (1) exposure to stressful life events would be a transdiagnostic risk factor for psychopathology, (2) primary and secondary psychopathy would be differentially associated with internalizing psychopathology, and (3) primary psychopathy would moderate the association between stressful life events and internalizing psychopathology. Confirming existing findings, our results were consistent with the first and second hypotheses. In contrast to our third hypothesis, primary psychopathy was not associated with stressful life events in childhood, inconsistently associated with stressful life events in adolescence, and did not moderate the association between stressful life events and internalizing psychopathology. Furthermore, stressful life events across development were associated with secondary psychopathy and internalizing and externalizing psychopathology. We also found similar associations between stressful life events, psychopathy, and psychopathology in females and males. Future studies investigating the impact of stressful life events on psychopathology should include psychopathic traits and stress-reactivity.

scholarly journals The influence of stressful life events, psychopathy, and their interaction on internalizing and externalizing psychopathology

2019 ◽  
Vol 272 ◽  
pp. 438-446 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hedwig Eisenbarth ◽  
Detre Godinez ◽  
Alta du Pont ◽  
Robin P. Corley ◽  
Michael C. Stallings ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Events ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Stressful Life ◽  
Externalizing Psychopathology ◽  
Internalizing And Externalizing

The Impact of Stressful Life Events and Social Support on Drinking among Older Adults: A General Population Survey

1992 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen M. Jennison
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Prolonged Exposure ◽  
Drinking Behavior ◽  
National Sample ◽  
Stressful Life ◽  
Stress Buffering ◽  
The Impact

This article is an analysis of stressful life events, the buffering hypothesis, and alcohol use in a national sample of 1,418 respondents 60 years of age and over. The results indicate that older adults who experience stressful losses are significantly more likely to drink excessively than those who have not experienced such losses or who have experienced them to a lesser extent. Increased drinking among older adults may therefore be a reaction to life circumstances in which alcohol represents an attempt to cope with traumatic loss, personal as well as within the kinship network. Supportive resources of spouse, family, friends, and church appear to have a stress-buffering effects that reduces the excessive-drinking response to life crisis. Data suggest, however, that older persons are vulnerable to the magnitude of losses experienced as they grow older and lose more of their family, friends, and peers. These stressors appear to seriously impact their drinking behavior and are not effectively buffered. Respondents report that drinking may increase during periods of prolonged exposure to emotionally depleting life change and loss, when supportive needs may exceed the capacities of personal and social support resources.

scholarly journals Longitudinal investigation of the role of temperament and stressful life events in childhood anxiety

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 437-449 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suzanne Broeren ◽  
Carol Newall ◽  
Helen F. Dodd ◽  
Ruth Locker ◽  
Jennifer L. Hudson
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Negative Life Events ◽  
Childhood Anxiety ◽  
Diagnostic Interview ◽  
Anxiety Symptoms ◽  
Positive Behavior ◽  
Stressful Life ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThe current study investigated the longitudinal relationships among behavioral inhibition (BI), life events, and anxiety in a sample of 102 BI children and 100 behaviorally uninhibited (BUI) children aged 3 to 4 years. Children's parents completed questionnaires on BI, stressful life events, and anxiety symptoms, and were administered a diagnostic interview three times in a 5-year period. In line with our hypotheses, negative life events, particularly negative behavior-dependent life events (i.e., life events that are related to the children's own behaviors), and the impact of negative life events were predictive of increases in subsequent anxiety symptoms, the likelihood of having an anxiety disorder, and increased number of anxiety diagnoses over the 5-year follow-up period. Experiencing more positive, behavior-independent life events decreased the risk of being diagnosed with an anxiety disorder. Furthermore, differences were found in life events between BI and BUI children. That is, BI children experienced fewer positive and specifically positive behavior-dependent life events, and the impact of these positive life events was also lower in BI children than in BUI children. However, BI did not interact with life events in the prediction of anxiety problems as hypothesized. Therefore, this study seems to indicate that BI and life events act as additive risk factors in the development of anxiety problems.

scholarly journals The Impact of Stressful Life Events on Excessive Alcohol Consumption in the French Population: Findings from the GAZEL Cohort Study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. e87653 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara L. Tamers ◽  
Cassandra Okechukwu ◽  
Alex A. Bohl ◽  
Alice Guéguen ◽  
Marcel Goldberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Stressful Life ◽  
French Population ◽  
Excessive Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Excessive Alcohol ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Ex post-facto study of long-term stress in a sample of adoptees

2015 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
Amelia Díaz ◽  
Eugenia Infanzón ◽  
Ángela Beleña
Keyword(s):  
Life Events ◽  
Spanish Civil War ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Stressful Life ◽  
Adoption Process ◽  
Posttraumatic Symptoms ◽  
Ex Post ◽  
Ex Post Facto ◽  
Ex Post Facto Study ◽  
The Impact

In this work we study the impact of relinquishment and the adoption process in posttraumatic symptoms and stressful life events in a group of 55 adults that were adopted as children after the Spanish Civil War (1936-1939). The effects of institutionalization, maltreatment and traumatic revelation of the adopted status have also been studied. No significant differences were found between institutionalized and non-institutionalized adoptees in posttraumatic symptomatology and stressful life events frequency. However, maltreated adoptees scored significantly higher in intrusion, arousal and stressful life events frequency than non-maltreated. Similar differences were found in the comparison between adoptees with and without traumatic revelation; those adoptees who suffered traumatic revelation presented significantly higher intrusion, arousal and stressful life events frequency than those who did not suffer traumatic revelation. Traumatic revelation, alone or in association with maltreatment, seems to play an important role in posttraumatic symptoms in the sample studied.

scholarly journals Risk and protective factors for comorbid internalizing and externalizing problems among economically disadvantaged African American youth

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 1043-1056 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingwen Liu ◽  
Brian Mustanski ◽  
Danielle Dick ◽  
John Bolland ◽  
Darlene A. Kertes
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Racial Discrimination ◽  
Collective Efficacy ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Externalizing Problems ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Stressful Life ◽  
Internalizing And Externalizing Problems ◽  
Internalizing And Externalizing

AbstractComorbidity of internalizing and externalizing problems and its risk and protective factors have not been well incorporated into developmental research, especially among racial minority youth from high-poverty neighborhoods. The present study identified a latent comorbid factor as well as specific factors underlying internalizing and externalizing problems among 592 African American adolescents living in economically disadvantaged neighborhoods (291 male; M age = 15.9 years, SD = 1.43 years). Stressful life events and racial discrimination were associated with higher comorbid problems, whereas stressful life events and exposure to violence were associated with higher specific externalizing problems. Collective efficacy was associated with both lower specific externalizing problems and lower comorbid problems. Moreover, high collective efficacy buffered the risk effects of stressful life events and racial discrimination on comorbid problems. Our results demonstrated the advantages of latent variable modeling to understanding comorbidity by articulating impacts of risk factors on comorbid and specific components underlying internalizing and externalizing problems. They also highlighted the protective effect of collective efficacy in mitigating risks for these problems. These findings broadly call for more studies on comorbidities in developmental psychopathology among youth from diverse sociocultural backgrounds.

scholarly journals Recent Stressful Life Events (SLE) and Adolescent Mental Health: Initial Validation of the LEIA, a New Checklist for SLE Assessment According to Their Severity, Interpersonal, and Dependent Nature

Assessment ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (8) ◽  
pp. 1777-1795 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Moya-Higueras ◽  
Andrea Cuevas ◽  
Laia Marques-Feixa ◽  
Laura Mezquita ◽  
María Mayoral ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Internalizing Symptoms ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Stressful Life ◽  
Percentage Agreement ◽  
Reliability Indices ◽  
Externalizing Psychopathology ◽  
Initial Validation ◽  
Externalizing And Internalizing Symptoms

The main aim of the present study was to develop and validate a checklist for adolescents, the Life Events Inventory for Adolescents (LEIA), for screening stressful life events (SLEs) of different nature (major–minor, dependent–independent, and personal–interpersonal). The LEIA was administered together with another SLE checklist (Escala de Acontecimientos Vitales [Life Events Scale], EAV), and with measures of life satisfaction and externalizing and internalizing symptoms. The results showed that the kappa and the percentage agreement reliability indices were adequate. Regarding validity evidences, the correlations found between the LEIA and the EAV ranged from .65 to .69, and between the LEIA and the psychopathological symptoms ranged from .26 to .38. Specifically, major dependent noninterpersonal SLEs were the best predictors of externalizing psychopathology; while major independent noninterpersonal SLEs were the best predictors of internalizing symptoms and low life satisfaction. To conclude, the LEIA could be considered an adequate checklist to screen for SLEs in adolescents.

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