scholarly journals O PAPEL DO ODONTOLEGISTA ACERCA DA IDENTIFICAÇÃO DE VÍTIMAS NOS DESASTRES EM MASSA/ The role of the dentist regarding the identification of victims in mass disasters

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 30-35
Author(s):  
Pedro Henrique Souza Lopes ◽  
Emerson Filipe De Carvalho Nogueira ◽  
Marcos Aurélio Nogueira de Carvalho-Filho
Keyword(s):  
Post Mortem ◽  
Mass Disasters

Nos casos de Identificação de Vítimas por Desastres (IVD), o odontolegista possui fundamental importância na resolução de casos complexos. Existem metodologias que podem ser aplicadas nos casos de IVD, porém, em algumas situações, pode haver limitações como carbonização dos corpos ou a falta de familiares para a análise comparativa do DNA. Assim, a utilização de metodologias odontológicas como comparações de exames de imagem e arcada dentárias, papiloscopias, etc., é importante ferramenta para a correta identificação, fornecendo assim as informações necessárias para os casos judiciais e para a posterior devolução para os familiares. O presente trabalho tem por objetivo ressaltar a importância do Odontolegista na equipe de Perícia Forense. Para tanto, foi realizado uma revisão bibliográfica não sistemática, utilizando como base de dados as plataformas PubMed, Scielo e ScienceDirect, sendo um total de 20 artigos. Através desta revisão, foi constatado que o odontolegista desempenha um papel fundamental na equipe da perícia forense, pois o mesmo realiza comparações Ante-mortem (AM) e Post-mortem (PM), através das radiografias, e pode fornecer uma reserva de DNA encontrada nos elementos dentários, não sendo restrito somente a comparação das arcadas dentárias. Foi constatado também que a perícia odontológica possui eficácia nos casos de IVD, principalmente quando associada a outros métodos como a análise de DNA.

scholarly journals Forensic Analysis and Identification Processes in Mass Disasters: Explosion of Gun Powder in the Fireworks Factory

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 244
Author(s):  
Maricla Marrone ◽  
Francesca Tarantino ◽  
Alessandra Stellacci ◽  
Stefania Lonero Baldassarra ◽  
Gerardo Cazzato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Method ◽  
Forensic Analysis ◽  
Multidisciplinary Teams ◽  
Mass Disaster ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Dna Index ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Mass Disasters ◽  
Identification Processes

A mass disaster is a situation that involves criticality between the number of victims and resources, in terms of both men and means, present on the site of an event that is mostly unexpected and sudden. In the multidisciplinary teams that intervene, the role of forensic pathologists, who are responsible for the direction and coordination of post-mortem operations, is central, and must remain so. The authors report the case of an explosion of a pyrotechnic artifice factory, as a result of which numerous victims and injuries are recorded. So, the team completed the autopsies and created a protocol to obtain biological samples (bones, blood, teeth, muscles), while the forensic pathologists contacted the families of the alleged victims and each provided a blood sample that was collected for the DNA. The geneticist, using the method of gene extraction and amplification, obtained the DNA from each bone, tooth, and muscle of blood taken from the victims and then compared it with that extracted from the blood samples of the relatives; the electropherograms showed at least one allele for each genetic marker of the “Combined DNA Index System” in common between the victims and the families, thus allowing to establish the identity of all the subjects involved in the event. Having established the identity of all workers, it was possible to determine their whereabouts in the environment at the time of the location of fires and explosions. The results of the various forensic analyzes (autopsies, genetic investigations and even traumatological investigations) have allowed us to validate a scientific method useful in all mass disasters even when any type of anthropological or forensic dental research is difficult.

scholarly journals Sirenomelia: The role of post - Mortem diagnostic imaging

2021 ◽  
pp. 101921
Author(s):  
A. Russo ◽  
A. Reginelli ◽  
M. Pignatiello ◽  
M. Montella ◽  
G. Toni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Imaging ◽  
Post Mortem

scholarly journals The overlooked role of taphonomy in ecology: post‐mortem processes can outweigh recruitment effects on community functions

Oikos ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 129 (3) ◽  
pp. 420-432
Author(s):  
Kiran Liversage ◽  
Jonne Kotta ◽  
Clarissa M. L. Fraser ◽  
Will F. Figueira ◽  
Ross A. Coleman
Keyword(s):  
Post Mortem

IC-P-033: CORRESPONDENCE BETWEEN [C-11]PIB PET AND POST-MORTEM MEASURES OF AMYLOID LOAD IN THE PRECUNEUS: THE ROLE OF DIFFUSE Aβ PLAQUES

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. P21-P21
Author(s):  
Julie Price ◽  
Eric E. Abrahamson ◽  
Lan Shao ◽  
Carl R. Becker ◽  
Manik L. Debnath ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Post Mortem ◽  
Amyloid Load

scholarly journals Mors Gaudet Succurrere Vitae. The Role of Clinical Autopsy in Preventing Litigation Related to the Management of Liver and Digestive Disorders

Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1436
Author(s):  
Stefano D’Errico ◽  
Martina Zanon ◽  
Michela Peruch ◽  
Monica Concato ◽  
Martina Padovano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Clinical Diagnosis ◽  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Clinical Performance ◽  
Improve Patient Safety ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Accurate Analysis ◽  
Hepatic Diseases

Over the last 50 years, the number of clinical autopsies has decreased, but their role in assessing cause of death and clinical performance is still acknowledged. Few publications have studied their role in malpractice claim prevention. The paper aims to highlight the role of clinical autopsy in preventing errors and improve healthcare quality. A retrospective study was conducted on 28 clinical autopsies performed between 2015 and 2021 on patients dead unexpectedly after procedures for the diagnosis and treatment of digestive and hepatic diseases. After an accurate analysis of medical records and consultation with healthcare professionals, all cases were subjected to autopsy and histopathology. The data obtained were analyzed and shared with the risk-management team to identify pitfalls and preventive strategies. Post-mortem evaluations confirmed the clinical diagnosis only in six cases (21.4%). Discordances were observed in 10 cases (35.7%). In the remaining 12 cases (42.9%) the clinical diagnosis was labeled as “unknown” and post-mortem examinations made it possible to document the cause of death. Post-mortem examinations can concretely enrich hospital prevention systems and improve patient safety. The methodological approach outlined certainly demonstrates that, even in the risk-management field, “mors gaudet succurrere vitae” (“death delights in helping life”).

scholarly journals Pathomorphological evaluation of hepatobiliary lesions in dogs and cats of Ankara region

2021 ◽  
Vol 91 (4) ◽  
pp. 359-378
Author(s):  
Yanad Abou Monsef ◽  
◽  
Osman Kutsal
Keyword(s):  
Liver Fibrosis ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Reference Standard ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Immunohistochemical Methods ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Hepatic Lesions ◽  
Histopathological Studies ◽  
Passive Congestion

The objective of this study was to investigate pathological disorders of the hepatobiliary system in dogs and cats in Ankara using pathomorphological methods, and to determine the types and frequency of the observed lesions. Furthermore, we aimed to evaluate hepatic reparation as a reaction of the liver to injury with different hepatobiliary lesions using immunohistochemical methods. Livers obtained from 56 cats and 74 dogs submitted for post-mortem investigation were examined macroscopically and microscopically. Samples with hepatic fibrosis were stained immunohistochemically with an α-SMA antibody. Lesions were found in 98% of the livers of the examined dogs and cats. The most common histopathological diagnoses were hepatitis (39.28%), hepatocellular lipidosis (16.07%), and cholangitis/cholangiohepatitis (14.28%) in cats. In dogs they were hepatitis (28.38%), passive congestion (25.68%) and proliferative lesions (21.62%). For some hepatobiliary lesions, breed, age and gender predispositions were observed. Immunohistochemically, the α-SMA antibody positively stained parenchymal, portal and septal myofibroblasts. A positive correlation was verified between immunohistochemical α-SMA scores and histochemical fibrosis scores. This is the first study in Turkey documenting both the incidence of hepatobiliary lesions among feline and canine species, and their pathomorphological features. In terms of reparation, the major role of the hepatic myofibroblasts in liver fibrosis was observed. There were variations in the intensity and location of positively stained cells according to the type of lesion. The conclusion of this research indicates the need to pay attention to certain hepatic lesions in dogs and cats, and provides a reference standard for further clinical and histopathological studies.

scholarly journals The role of proteinase enzymes in the process of conversion of muscle to meat

2006 ◽  
Vol 60 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 195-206
Author(s):  
Emek Dümen
Keyword(s):  
Post Mortem ◽  
Complex Mechanism ◽  
Calcium Dependent ◽  
Lysosomal Proteinases ◽  
Meat Tenderization

Post mortem meat tenderization is a complex mechanism and unfortunately it has not been fully identified scientifically. It is known that endogenous proteinases have an important role in this mechanism. Detailed studies are being performed about the destructive effects of lysosomal proteinases and calcium dependent proteinases on the myofibrils and these are most common topics that are being investigated about meat tenderization processes by the scientists. The aim of this paper is to review the role of proteinase enzymes in the process of conversion of muscle to meat. .

Higher Angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) levels and activity in the post-mortem brains of older persons with Alzheimer's disease

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caglar Cosarderelioglu ◽  
Lolita S Nidadavolu ◽  
Claudene J George ◽  
Ruth Marx ◽  
Laura Powell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Angiotensin Ii ◽  
Amyloid Β ◽  
Renin Angiotensin System ◽  
Angiotensin Receptors ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Normal Individuals ◽  
Markers Of Oxidative Stress

Abstract Aging is a key risk factor in Alzheimer's dementia (AD) development and progression. The primary dementia-protective benefits of Angiotensin II subtype 1 receptor (AT1R) blockers are believed to arise from systemic effects on blood pressure. However, a brain-specific renin-angiotensin system (b-RAS) exists, which can be altered by AT1R blockers. Brain RAS acts mainly through three angiotensin receptors: AT1R, AT2R, and AT4R. Changes in these brain angiotensin receptors may accelerate the progression of AD. Using post-mortem frontal cortex brain samples of age- and sex-matched cognitively normal individuals (n = 30) and AD patients (n = 30), we sought to dissect the b-RAS changes associated with AD and assess how these changes correlate with brain markers of oxidative stress, inflammation, and mitochondrial dysfunction as well as amyloid-β and paired helical filament tau pathologies. Our results show higher protein levels of the pro-inflammatory AT1R and phospho-ERK (pERK) in the brains of AD participants. Brain AT1R levels and pERK correlated with higher oxidative stress, lower cognitive performance, and higher tangle and amyloid-β scores. This study identifies molecular changes in b-RAS and offers insight into the role of b-RAS in AD-related brain pathology.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document