PHARMACEUTICAL MARKET OF CARDIOPLEGIC DRUGS AND FEATURES OF THEIR APPLICATION IN RUSSIA

Author(s):  
Ovod A.I. ◽  
Novikova M.D.

Relevance. Surgical treatment of cardiovascular diseases with the use of artificial blood circulation is associated with the need to protect the myocardium. Various cardioplegic solutions are widely used in cardiac surgery to stop and protect the heart. Currently, a significant number of mixtures of drug solutions are used in "open" heart surgery. However, not all of them have been officially registered as cardioplegic solutions and not all have the appropriate indications in the instructions for medical use of the drug, which jeopardizes the safety and quality of medical care for patients. Goal. To study the pharmaceutical market of registered drugs for cardioplegia and to estimate the share of heart operations with the connection of artificial circulation performed without the use of officially registraited drugs for cardioplegia. Materials and methods. The following methods were used in the work: content analysis, statistical, marketing, graphic. The main information sources were: the State Register of Medicines; statistical indicators of surgical interventions in cardiac surgery, information on public procurement of medicines, instructions for the medical use of medicines, regulatory documents. Results. This study presents the results of a marketing analysis of the pharmaceutical market of drugs officially registered for cardioplegia. Three medicines have been registraited in Russia, which, in accordance with the instructions for use, can be used during surgical interventions in the quality of cardioplegic solutions. According to the ATC classification, all of them belong to the subgroup of the fifth level B05XA16 "Cardioplegic solutions". For the period 2018-2020. the volumes of purchases of cardioplegic solutions for the needs of medical organizations have been established and the volumes of drugs for surgical intervention in cardiac surgery during operations on the "open" heart have been determined. The comparison of morbidity rates and the estimated number of surgical interventions of the cardiac surgery service based on the data of public procurement of drugs for cardioplegia, revealed a discrepancy between the volumes of purchased cardioplegic solutions and the care provided. The data analysis shows that at least 23 thousand cardiac surgeries in Russia are performed annually without the use of registraited medicines for cardioplegia. Conclusion. When performing surgical interventions on an "open" heart with the connection of artificial blood circulation, it is necessary to use cardioplegic solutions that have an official indication in the instructions for medical use, in order to ensure the safety of patients and to perform medical interventions of appropriate quality.

1973 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-15
Author(s):  
M. A. Belilovskii ◽  
G. N. Trofimova ◽  
O. A. Frolkin

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-133
Author(s):  
Temuri Sh. Morgoshiia

Achilles Mario Dogliotti, the surgeon station wagon, the author a set of new interventions in neuro, onko-and a heart surgery performed the first-ever successful operation with use of the cardiopulmonary bypass on August 7, 1951. Dogliotti paid special attention and fruitfully was engaged in surgery of a liver and biliary tract. He developed a way of removal of bile in cases when it is impossible to use the general bilious channel with a resection of a part of the left share of a liver (Dogliotti’s way); operation at damage of outside bilious ways with sewing together of a channel on a rubber tube and removal of its disteel end through a front wall of a stomach and a front belly wall outside (Dogliotti’s operation); a way of drainage of biliary tract with carrying out a drainage tube with several side openings outside through the general bilious channel in a duodenum (Dogliotti’s way). A number of interesting innovations offered Dogliotti in cardiovascular surgery. So, it possesses a way of prosthetics of the mitralny valve the pericardium rag on a leg entered into a heart cavity through its wall and attached between the papillary muscles (Dogliotti’s method). He offered some modifications of operations at the inborn and acquired heart diseases. For partial compression of large vessels of Dogliotti developed the tool having three working bransh (a surgical clip of Dogliotti-Vishnevsky), I developed the device for artificial blood circulation and some other original tools for cardiovascular surgery. One of first-ever it made operation with use of extracorporal blood circulation in clinic. Also its researches and clinical application of a moderate and deep hypothermia in heart surgery are known. A. Dogliotti “The treatise on anesthesiology” (1952), “The operational equipment” (1956), “Surgery of bilious ways” (1958) published about 300 scientific works on surgery, including the monograph “Surgical Semiotics and Diagnostics” (1948). I created a number of original tools for cardiovascular surgery, I designed the device for artificial blood circulation, I offered some modifications of operations at the inborn and acquired heart diseases. One of first-ever I made operation in the conditions of extracorporal blood circulation.


2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 116-120
Author(s):  
Olesya A. Rubanenko ◽  
O. V Fatenkov ◽  
S. M Khokhlunov ◽  
L. V Limareva

The article considers evaluation of indicators of inflammation, antioxidant defense and myocardium ischemia in patients with ischemic heart disease exposed to coronary bypass surgery using artificial blood circulation or on functioning heart. The sampling included 96 patients distributed to two groups. The first group included 84 patients (81% of males, average age 62,2±7,7 years) exposed to coronary bypass surgery in conditions of artificial blood circulation. The second group included 12 patients (91,7% of males, average age 59,8±8,0 years) exposed to coronary bypass surgery on functioning heart without artificial blood circulation. The study demonstrated significant increasing of level of interleukin-6 in patients with ischemic heart disease after application of coronary bypass surgery with extra-corporal blood circulation that confirms high activity of inflammation factors at the given disease. The reconstructing operations on hearts in conditions of artificial blood circulation are accompanied by decreasing of concentration of superoxiddismutase. At that, the level of analyzed bio-marker remains as compared with operation on functioning heart. This occurrence testifies activation of oxidative process and intensified consumption of as factor of antioxidant defense in the course of direct re-vascularization of myocardium. The concentration of troponin increases in post-operational period of reconstructing operation but differences are unreliable when analyzed groups are compared.


2019 ◽  
Vol 86 (6) ◽  
pp. 14-18
Author(s):  
D. О. Radіushin ◽  
О. А. Loskutov ◽  
P. V. Кіstruga

Objective. To estimate the efficacy of application of vasodilator nitroglycerine on background of high volumic speed of perfusion for prophylaxis of the cerebral vessels microembolism while performance of the aorto-coronary shunting (ACSH) operations in conditions of artificial blood circulation. Маterials and methods. The investigation was conducted in 72 patients, suffering the ischemic heart disease, to whom aorto-coronary shunting operation was accomplished in conditions of artificial blood circulation in the Odessa Regional Clinical Hospital. Median age of the patients have constituted (67.3 ± 5.2) yrs old, median body mass index - (27.4 ± 5.2) kg/m2, average duration of the operation - (269.4 ± 7.8) min, including the artificial blood circulation stage - (145 ± 4.5) min. General statistical sampling of the patients examined was randomized in accordance to the comparison group (n=34) and the investigated (n=38) group. For prophylaxis of the air microembolism in patients of the comparison group before the artificial blood circulation apparatus switching on during 9 - 10 min nitroglycerine was infused in the dose 8 - 10 mcg/kg × min on background of high (120 - 130% from the calculated one) volumic speed of perfusion with support of median index of arterial pressure on the level 50 - 60 mm Hg. Іntraoperative monitoring of cerebral blood flow was done, using transtemporal access in accordance to standard procedure. Cognitive status of the patients was estimated with the help of verbal and nonverbal tests (day before and on the fifth postoperative day). Results. The investigation accomplished have revealed, that in all the patient the ACSH operation in conditions of artificial blood circulation was accompanied by microembolism in the system of cerebral blood flow of the discrete character. Іntraoperative creation in cerebral blood flow of more than 750 microemboli causes occurrence of a clinically significant lowering of the brain cognitive functions in early postoperative period. Application of nitroglycerine as a kind of peripheral vasodilator in the dose 8 - 10 mcg/kg × min on background of high (120 - 130% of the calculated) volumic speed of perfusion have caused the reduction of the cognitive dysfunction severity by 15 - 20%.


2007 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 0-0
Author(s):  
Saulius Cicėnas ◽  
Arnoldas Krasauskas ◽  
Renatas Aškinis ◽  
Vladislavas Vencevičius ◽  
Valdas Puodžiūnas

Saulius Cicėnas, Arnoldas Krasauskas, Renatas Aškinis, Vladislavas Vencevičius, Valdas PuodžiūnasVilniaus universiteto Onkologijos instituto Krūtinės chirurgijos ir onkologijos skyrius,Santariškių g. 1, LT-08660 VilniusEl paštas: [email protected] Tikslas Įvertinti vietiškai išplitusio plaučių vėžio (T4) (peraugančio gretimas krūtinės ląstos struktūras) ir didelių matmenų piktybinio tarpuplaučio naviko chirurginio gydymo galimybes, išanalizuoti komplikacijas ir ligonių vidutinę gyvenimo trukmę. Ligoniai ir metodai Vilniaus universiteto Onkologijos instituto Krūtinės chirurgijos ir onkologijos skyriuje 2000–2003 m. buvo gydomi 84 ligoniai, sergantys vietiškai išplitusiu T4 plaučių vėžiu ir didelių matmenų piktybiniu tarpuplaučio naviku: 23 (27,4%) ligoniams rezekuotas kairysis prieširdis, nenaudojant dirbtinės kraujo apytakos, 2 (2,3%) ligoniams atlikta prieširdžio rezekcija ir aortos lanko rezekcija naudojant dirbtinę kraujo apytaką ir 59 (70,2%) ligoniai operuoti dėl didelių matmenų piktybinio tarpuplaučio naviko. Pašalinto piktybinio tarpuplaučio naviko masė svyravo nuo 5 iki 10 kg. Morfologiškai patvirtinta ligonių, sergančių plaučių vėžiu, diagnozė: 20 (80%) ligonių nustatytas plokščialąstelinis vėžys, 5 (20%) ligoniams – liaukinis vėžys. Ligoniams, sergantiems piktybiniu tarpuplaučio naviku, morfologiškai patvirtinta: 10 (17%) ligonių – limfogranuliomatozė (LGR), 9 (15,2%) ligoniams – teratoblastoma, 10 (17%) ligonių – piktybinė tarpuplaučio ektopinė seminoma, 30 (50,8%) ligonių – piktybinė timoma. Plaučių vėžys pagal TNM: T4N0M0 – 18 (72%) ligonių, T4N1M0 – 5 (25%) ligoniams, T4N2M0 – 2 (8%) ligoniams. Kitos atliktos operacijos: kiekvienam ligoniui, sergančiam plaučių vėžiu, buvo atlikta sudėtinė pulmonektomija; iš ligonių, kuriems buvo tarpuplaučio piktybinis navikas 20-iai (33,9%) ligonių tarpuplaučio navikas pašalintas atlikus sternotomiją (iš jų 12 (60%) ligonių atlikta tuščiosios venos rezekcija, 2 atvejais ji pakeista protezu), 10 (17%) ligonių – atlikus torakotomiją (kartu su pulmonektomija), 29 (49,1%) ligoniams – atlikus išilginę ir skersinę sternotorakotomiją. Rezultatai Atlikus 25 sudėtines operacijas dėl T4 plaučių vėžio pasireiškė pooperacinės komplikacijos: broncho fistulė – 2 (8%) ligoniams, širdies kraujagyslių nepakankamumas – 3 (12%) ligoniams, kraujavimas – 2 (8%) ligoniams. Du (8%) ligoniai mirė po operacijos. Operacijos metu atliekant piktybinio tarpuplaučio naviko pašalinimo operaciją pasireiškė komplikacijos: broncho fistulė – 1 (10%) ligoniui, poopercinis kraujavimas – 2 (3,4%) ligoniams, mediastinitas – 1 (1,7%) ligoniui. Trys (5,1%) ligoniai mirė po operacijos. Dvylikai (48%) ligonių, sergančių plaučių vėžiu, prieš operaciją buvo taikoma chemoterapija ir radioterapija. 34% šių ligonių išgyveno 3 metus. 22 (37,3%) ligoniams, sergantiems piktybiniu tarpuplaučio naviku, buvo taikyta priešoperacinė ir pooperacinė chemoterapija ir radioterapija. Penkerius metus išgyveno 48% ligonių. Išvados Chirurginis vietiškai išplitusio plaučių vėžio (T4) ir piktybinio tarpuplaučio naviko gydymas yra efektyvus ir pailgina ligonių gyvenimo trukmę. Pooperacinių komplikacijų skaičius ligoniams po plaučių vėžio operacijos siekė 28%, pooperacinis mirštamumas – 2%. Po tarpuplaučio piktybinio naviko operacijos komplikacijų skaičius sudarė 6,8%, pooperacinis mirštamumas – 5,1%. Priešoperacinė ir pooperacinė chemoterapija bei radioterapija pailgino ligonių gyvenimo trukmę: 3 metus išgyveno 34% ligonių, sergančių plaučių vėžiu (T4), o 5 metus išgyveno 48% ligonių, sergančių tarpuplaučio piktybiniu naviku. Pagrindiniai žodžiai: vietiškai išplitęs plaučių vėžys (T4), didelių matmenų piktybinis tarpuplaučio navikas, chirurginis ir sudėtinis gydymas, ligonių gyvenimo trukmė Surgery for lung cancer T4 tumours and malignant mediastinal masses Saulius Cicėnas, Arnoldas Krasauskas, Renatas Aškinis, Vladislavas Vencevičius, Valdas PuodžiūnasVilnius University, Institute of Oncology, Department of Thoracic Surgery and Oncology,Santariškių str. 1, LT-08660 Vilnius, LithuaniaE-mail: [email protected] Objective To evaluate the results of surgical treatment for lung cancer T4 tumours and malignant mediastinal masses, the rate of complications and median survival. Patients and methods In 2000–2003, 84 patients (pts) with T4 lung cancer and “king” size mediastinal tumours underwent surgery at Department of Thoracic Surgery and Oncology, Institute of Oncology, Vilnius University. Twenty-five (29.7%) pts with T4 tumours were operated on: 23 (27.4%) pts with left atrium resections with no artificial blood circulation, and in 2 (2.3%) pts aortic arch and atrium resection were performed using artificial blood circulation. Fifty-nine (70.2%) pts were operated on due to “king“ size malignant mediastinal masses, their weight ranging within 5–10 kg. The morphology for the pts with lung cancer: 20 (80%) pts – epidermoid cancer, 5 (20%) pts – adenocarcinoma; for the pts with mediastinal masses: 10 (17%) pts LGR, 9 (15.2%) pts – teratoblastoma, 10 (17%) pts – ectopic seminomas and 30 (50.8%) – malignant thymomas. Lung cancer TNM: T4N0M0 – 18 (72%) pts, T4N1M0 – 5 (25%) pts, T4N2M0 – 2 (8%) pts. Other operations: all pts with lung cancer underwent pneumonectomies and for mediastinal masses: 20 (33.9%) pts – sternotomies (12 pts (60%) v. cava resections, 2 pts v. cava replacement), 10 (17%) pts – thoracotomies with pneumonectomy, 29 (49.1%) pts – sternothoracotomies. Results Postoperative complications in the lung cancer group were: bronchial fistula – 2 (8%) pts, heart – lung insufficiency – 3 (12%) pts, bleeding – 2 (8%) pts; two (8%) pts died after operation. In the mediastinal masses group: bronchial fistula – 1 (10%) pt; postoperative bleeding – 2 (3.4%) pts, mediastinitis – 1 (1.7%) pts; three (5.1%) pts died after operation. 12 (48%) pts with lung cancer underwent chemoradiation before operation. Three-year survival of these pts was 34%. For tventy-two (37.3%) pts with mediastinal tumours, chemoradiation was used before and after surgery. The 5-year survival of these pts was 48%. Conclusions Surgery for lung cancer T4 tumours and malignant mediastinal masses is an effective treatment and prolongs the patients’ survival. Postoperative complications in the lung cancer group reached 28% and postoperative mortality 2%. In the mediastinal tumous group, postoperative complications comprised 6.8% and mortality 5.1%. Induction and postoperative chemoradiation prolong the patients’ survival: in the lung cancer group, three-year survival was 34% and in the mediastinal masses group 5-year survival reached 48%. Keywords: locally advanced T4 lung cancer, “king size” mediastinal tumours, surgical and combined treatment, survival


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