scholarly journals Things that white men have in great quantity: Chickens and other exotic birds among Karitiana (Rondônia, Brazilian Amazon)

2019 ◽  
pp. 13-34
Author(s):  
Felipe Vander Velder
Keyword(s):  
Food Production ◽  
Amazon Basin ◽  
Indigenous Population ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
White Men ◽  
Brazilian Amazon ◽  
Gallus Domesticus ◽  
Gallus Gallus Domesticus ◽  
Exotic Birds ◽  
Native Birds

This article discusses the inclusion of domestic chicken (Gallus gallus domesticus, Linnaeus 1758) and other exotic bird species as part of the knowledge and practices related to birds (an ethnoornithology) among the Karitiana, a Tupi-Arikém-speaking indigenous people in the northern part of the state of Rondônia, in the southwestern Brazilian Amazon . Chickens are believed to have been introduced to the Amazon basin after contact with non-indigenous population, although this claim is controversial . They were initially associated with certain native birds . However, certain remarkable characteristics of these birds soon sparked reflection through which the species was gradually distinguished from the birds of the forest . These reflections influence how the Karitiana currently relate to chickens, which includes raising them in the villages, a practice encouraged by public policies related to food production, security, and sovereignty .

Checklist of the parasitic nasal mites of birds in Brazil

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (8) ◽  
pp. 1672 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolina Silveira Mascarenhas ◽  
Fabiana Fedatto Bernardon ◽  
Silvia Gastal ◽  
Gertrud Müller
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Introduced Species ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
The Family ◽  
Exotic Birds ◽  
New Research ◽  
Native Birds

The diversity of avian nasal mites has been incompletely studied in South America and most reports have been made on the fauna of Brazil, especially from the 1940s to 1970s. Recently, the development of new research has contributed records of species not previously reported in the country. As a result, a compilation of records of nasal mites (Astigmata: Cytoditidae, Turbinoptidae; Prostigmata: Ereynetidae; Mesostigmata: Rhinonyssidae) of birds in Brazil is presented. One hundred and twenty-four species of nasal mites were recorded parasitizing 168 bird species. The Rhinonyssidae was the family with the highest number of mites reported (108 species). Most nasal mite hosts in Brazil are native birds, however, mites have also been reported parasitizing captive exotic birds, as well as introduced species and domesticated birds.

scholarly journals Distribution of Melanin Pigmentation in 33 Organs of Thai Black-Bone Chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus)

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 777
Author(s):  
Korakot Nganvongpanit ◽  
Piyatida Kaewkumpai ◽  
Varankpicha Kochagul ◽  
Kidsadagon Pringproa ◽  
Veerasak Punyapornwithaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gallus Gallus ◽  
Gallus Domesticus ◽  
Melanin Pigment ◽  
Gallus Gallus Domesticus ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Melanin Pigmentation ◽  
Chicken Breed ◽  
Brachial Vein ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Pigment Accumulation

The black-bone chicken (Gallus gallus domesticus) is a breed of chicken that is commonly found in Thailand. This breed is known for having a number of black colored organs. Consumers have been notably attracted to the black-bone chicken breed for the characteristic darkness that is observed in many of its organs. However, the degree of darkness in all organs of the black-bone chicken is still in question. Importantly, there have not yet been any published reports on the distribution of melanin pigment in the organs of the black-bone chicken. This research study aims to examine the distribution of the melanin pigment in 33 organs of the Thai black-bone chicken. Ten black-bone chickens (five male, five female) were included in this study. Thirty-two organs including the brain, spinal cord, sciatic nerve, larynx, trachea, syrinx, lungs, heart, pericardium, aorta, brachial vein, kidney, cloaca, oviduct, testis, gastrocnemius muscle, femur, tongue, esophagus, crop, proventriculus, gizzard, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum, pancreas, liver, gall bladder, omentum, abdominal fat, spleen, and skin were examined in this study. Histological sections taken from tissue samples of each of these organs were studied. The findings revealed that the presence of the melanin pigment was not significantly different (p > 0.005) between male and female specimens. Notably, the liver was the only organ in which the melanin pigment had not accumulated. Consequently, there was not a uniform pattern of melanin pigment accumulation throughout the organs of the chickens. The melanin pigment was present in all of the tissue layers of most organs, while the melanin pigment was found in only specific layers of some of the organs. In conclusion, the distribution of melanin pigmentation in the organs of each of the animals in this study was found to be different. However, in some tissue samples, such as those obtained from the liver, no accumulation of the melanin pigment was observed.

scholarly journals First Draft Genome Sequence of Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica Serovar Enteritidis Isolated from the Chicken Meat in Russia

Proceedings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 2
Author(s):  
Alexey V. Rakov ◽  
Anatoly A. Yakovlev ◽  
Viacheslav V. Sinkov
Keyword(s):  
Genome Size ◽  
Genome Sequence ◽  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Salmonella Enteritidis ◽  
Reference Strain ◽  
Draft Genome ◽  
Noncoding Rnas ◽  
Gallus Domesticus ◽  
Gallus Gallus Domesticus ◽  
Zoonotic Pathogens

Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Enteritidis is one of the most common zoonotic pathogens. We report here the genome sequence of Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Enteritidis S-25048 isolated from chicken (Gallus gallus domesticus) meat in Artyom, Russia. The assembled genome size was 4,695,145 bp. A total of 4565 coding genes, four rRNAs, 62 tRNAs, and 14 noncoding RNAs were predicted. To our knowledge, this is the first publically deposited annotated genome of this serovar isolated in Russia. The Salmonella Enteritidis S-25048 genome is suitable for use as a reference strain of Salmonella Enteritidis isolated in Russia.

scholarly journals Diversity and host assemblage of avian haemosporidians in different terrestrial ecoregions of Peru

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luz Garcia-Longoria ◽  
Jaime Muriel ◽  
Sergio Magallanes ◽  
Zaira Hellen Villa-Galarce ◽  
Leonila Ricopa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amazon Basin ◽  
Evolutionary Dynamics ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Host Community ◽  
Bird Diversity ◽  
New Host ◽  
Parasite Richness ◽  
Haemosporidian Parasites ◽  
Avian Haemosporidians ◽  
Host Parasite

Abstract Characterizing the diversity and structure of host-parasite communities is crucial to understanding their eco-evolutionary dynamics. Malaria and related haemosporidian parasites are responsible for fitness loss and mortality in bird species worldwide. However, despite exhibiting the greatest ornithological biodiversity, avian haemosporidians from Neotropical regions are quite unexplored. Here, we analyse the genetic diversity of bird haemosporidian parasites (Plasmodium and Haemoproteus) in 1,336 individuals belonging to 206 bird species to explore for differences in diversity of parasite lineages and bird species across five well-differentiated Peruvian ecoregions. We detected 70 different haemosporidian lineages infecting 74 bird species. We showed that 25 out of the 70 haplotypes had not been previously recorded. Moreover, we also identified 81 new host – parasite interactions representing new host records for these haemosporidian parasites. Our outcomes revealed that the effective diversity (as well as the richness, abundance, and Shannon-Weaver index) for both birds and parasite lineages was higher in Amazon basin ecoregions. Furthermore, we also showed that ecoregions with greater diversity of bird species also had high parasite richness, hence suggesting that host community is crucial in explaining parasite richness. Generalist parasites were found in ecoregions with lower bird diversity, implying that the abundance and richness of hosts may shape the exploitation strategy followed by haemosporidian parasites. These outcomes reveal that Neotropical region is a major reservoir of unidentified haemosporidian lineages. Further studies analysing host distribution and specificity of these parasites in the tropics will provide important knowledge about phylogenetic relationships, phylogeography, and patterns of evolution and distribution of haemosporidian parasites.

scholarly journals A systematic review of Toxoplasma gondii genotypes in Gallus gallus domesticus worldwide: The focus is Brazil

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Webster Leonardo Guimarães da Costa ◽  
Isa Marianny Ferreira Nascimento Barbosa ◽  
Débora Pereira Gomes do Prado ◽  
Natália Domann ◽  
Hanstter Hallison Alves Rezende
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Gallus Gallus ◽  
Gallus Domesticus ◽  
Gallus Gallus Domesticus

Social motivation and the use of distal, but not local, featural cues are related to ranging behavior in free-range chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus)

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 769-780 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vitor Hugo Bessa Ferreira ◽  
Maxence Barbarat ◽  
Flore Lormant ◽  
Karine Germain ◽  
Mathilde Brachet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Motivation ◽  
Gallus Gallus ◽  
Gallus Domesticus ◽  
Gallus Gallus Domesticus ◽  
Ranging Behavior ◽  
Free Range
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