scholarly journals The need for the vernalization duration of soft winter wheat collection samples

2022 ◽  
Vol 51 (6) ◽  
pp. 31-38
Author(s):  
K. K. Musinov ◽  
V. E. Kozlov ◽  
A. S. Surnachev ◽  
I. E. Likhenko
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Geographic Origin ◽  
Tube Emergence ◽  
Yield Structure ◽  
Soft Winter Wheat ◽  
Number Of Stems ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Period Duration ◽  
Phenological Phases ◽  
Generative Organs

The need for vernalization is a duration-dependent effect of low, positive temperatures in order to ensure the plants' transition to generative development. If the requirement for the duration of germination is not met, the plant will not enter the stage of forming generative organs. The vernalization requirements of winter soft wheat samples of different geographical origins are determined. An assessment of the vernalization period duration influence on the severity of the elements of the yield structure is given. The research material consisted of 15 cultivars of soft winter wheat of various geographic origin. The samples were germinated in paper rolls, then vernalized in a climatic chamber at a temperature of 3–5 ºС for 60, 50, and 40 days. At the end of vernalization, 10 plants of each sample were planted in a greenhouse. The dates of the onset of phenological phases were noted: tube emergence, earing, flowering. To determine the main elements of the yield structure, a structural analysis of plants was carried out. With an increase in the vernalization period, a decrease in the interfacial periods from tube emergence to flowering was noted. The influence of the timing of vernalization was noted on the manifestation of the spike length trait. It was found that the total number of stems and the number of productive stems in almost all varieties decreases with an increase in the period of vernalization. Significant differences between collection varieties in the need for vernalization, due to both their geographical origin and the genotype of plants are revealed. In all the studied forms, with an increase in the period of vernalization, the rate of plant development increased to varying degrees, the total number of stems, the productive stem and the length of the spike decreased.

scholarly journals Productivity and elements of its structure in new genotypes of soft winter wheat of the south of Russia

2020 ◽  
pp. 16-19
Author(s):  
Viktor Ivanovich Kovtun ◽  
Alesya Aleksandrovna Sukhareva
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Standard Variety ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
The North ◽  
Yield Structure ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Soft Winter Wheat ◽  
Winter Wheat Varieties

The article presents the best in yield genotypes of soft winter wheat, created in recent years in the North Caucasus FNATS. In terms of grain yield, on average, for two years of study (2018-2019), the best genotypes exceeded the standard variety Thunder from 0,50 to 1,97 t / ha. A particularly high excess over the standard was noted for the main elements of the yield structure: a mass of 1000 grains, the number of grains per spike, and a mass of spike grain. It is indicated that such varieties as Shield, Armada, Lyuda, Batya, Moretz, Source, 1217/14, 1008/15, 1332/15, 1731/15 can be effectively used as genetic sources when creating new winter wheat varieties for the conditions of the Russian Federation.

Variation in Grain Functional Quality for Soft Winter Wheat

Crop Science ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 1086-1093 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. P. Hazen ◽  
P. K. W. Ng ◽  
R. W. Ward
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Functional Quality ◽  
Soft Winter Wheat

NEW GENETIC SOURCES FOR SOFT WINTER WHEAT GRAIN HIGH YIELD

2021 ◽  
pp. 40-46
Author(s):  
Victor I. Kovtun ◽  
Lyudmila N. Kovtun ◽  
Kristina A. Mayorova
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Wheat Grain ◽  
Soft Winter Wheat

scholarly journals Forming of productivity of new soft winter wheat varieties (Triticum aestivum L.) subject to phyto-virus pressure

2008 ◽  
Vol 0 (1(7)) ◽  
pp. 50-62
Author(s):  
В. П. Петренкова ◽  
І. М. Черняева ◽  
Т. Ю. Маркова ◽  
Н. І. Рябчун ◽  
О. О. Ісаєнко
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Soft Winter Wheat ◽  
Winter Wheat Varieties

scholarly journals The effect of light factor on the development of thallus and generative organs in Chara vulgaris L.

2014 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 397-407 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janusz Maszewski
Keyword(s):  
Mitotic Activity ◽  
Axenic Culture ◽  
Light Period ◽  
Continuous Illumination ◽  
Chara Vulgaris ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Effect Of Light ◽  
Generative Organs

During long-term axenic culture of Chara continuous illumination (L=24) increases mitotic activity of almost all types of cells. In such conditions only initiation of oogonia is inhibited, leading into a strong predomination of male generative organs. Prolonged darkness (L:D=1:23) exerts a mitodepressing effect. Oogonia and antheridia are especially susceptible to the reduction of the light period. Modifications of the elongating growth in various photoperiods are different in the polyploid regions of the vegetative thallus and in haploid cells of the antheridial filaments. Segments of both axial internodes and lateral pleuridia increase their dimensions at L:D=1:23, whereas at L=24 their growth is significantly inhibited. Different reaction is noted in the cells of antheridial filaments: at L=24 they are about 10% longer than in the control (L:D=14:10). The duration of the antheridium aevelopment, from the stage of unicellular filaments to the moment of antheridium opening, is 1.5 days shorter at L=24 as compared with the control. This shortening includes proportionally both the period of divisions within antheridial filaments and the period of spermatozoid differentiation.

scholarly journals Influence of the tillage method on the development of leaf diseases of winter wheat

2021 ◽  
Vol 285 ◽  
pp. 02027
Author(s):  
O. Yu. Kremneva ◽  
K. E. Gasiyan ◽  
A. V. Ponomarev ◽  
A. Kokhmetova ◽  
S. I. Novoseletsky
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Tillage Systems ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
No Till ◽  
Soft Winter Wheat ◽  
Tillage Method ◽  
Experimental Plots

To carry out effective plant protection measures, it is necessary to take into account all the factors affecting the quality of the crop. The aim of our research was to study the degree of development of leaf diseases of winter wheat and the rate of infestation of crops, depending on the tillage method. The studies were carried out in 2019-2020 at the experimental plots of “Kuban educational farm” in Krasnodar. For the research, four experimental plots with Steppe variety of soft winter wheat were created, where various soil cultivation systems were applied: 1 - No-Till (zero technology), 2 - moldboard-free technology, 3 - recommended, 4 - moldboard technology. The article presents data on the degree of development of diseases and the degree of infestation of winter wheat plants in the crops of test plots with various tillage systems. It was found that the most preferable is the use of the recommended type of treatment, since with it the least number of diseases develops and the degree of development of pathogens is reduced by 2-3 times in comparison with other options. The influence of the tillage method on the number and composition of phytopathogen spores was revealed.

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