scholarly journals Factors Affecting Financial Deficit in the Universal Health Coverage in Developing Countries: A Systematic Review

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammadi Muhammadi ◽  
◽  
Atik Nurwahyuni ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Universal Health Coverage ◽  
Health Coverage ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Universal Health

scholarly journals Implementation of provider payment system reforms in the age of universal health coverage: a realist review of evidence from Asian developing countries

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 279-287
Author(s):  
Si Ying Tan ◽  
GJ Melendez-Torres ◽  
Tikki Pang
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Health Systems ◽  
Universal Health Coverage ◽  
Realist Synthesis ◽  
Health Coverage ◽  
Payment Reform ◽  
Provider Payment ◽  
Out Of Pocket Payments ◽  
Universal Health ◽  
Asian Developing Countries

Objective Launched to assist in achieving universal health coverage, provider payment reform (PPR) is one of the most important policy tools deployed to transform incentives within a health system that is plagued with allocative inefficiency and high out-of-pocket payments to one that is able to deliver basic services and be cost-efficient. However, the black box of such reform – that is, the contexts in which reform operates, the mechanisms by which it changes health systems and behaviour within health systems, and the outcome patterns that arise from – remains unexplored. This review aims to examine the implementation mechanisms underlying PPR in Asian developing countries. Methods A realist synthesis approach was employed to tease out the configurative elements of PPR in developing countries. A multimethod and retrospective search was conducted to locate the evidence. A programme theory and data extraction framework were developed. Data were analysed using thematic synthesis to inform an overarching realist synthesis, expressed as a set of synthesized context-mechanism-outcome configurations. Results This review found that the policy design of PPR, policy capacity, willingness of policy adoption at the local government level and provider autonomy are critical contextual factors that could trigger different policy mechanisms leading to either intended theoretical outcomes or perverse incentives. Conclusions Our findings, demonstrating the PPR implementation contexts and mechanisms that have worked in Asian countries, have implications in terms of policy learning for most developing countries that are contemplating rolling out similar reforms in the future.

scholarly journals Challenges and opportunities towards the road of universal health coverage (UHC) in Nepal: a systematic review

2019 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chhabi Lal Ranabhat ◽  
Chun-Bae Kim ◽  
Ajanta Singh ◽  
Devaraj Acharya ◽  
Krishna Pathak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Universal Health Coverage ◽  
Health Coverage ◽  
The Road ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Universal Health

scholarly journals Nursing challenges for universal health coverage: a systematic review

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana Cabral Schveitzer ◽  
Elma Lourdes Campos Pavone Zoboli ◽  
Margarida Maria da Silva Vieira
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Universal Health Coverage ◽  
Community Empowerment ◽  
Holistic Care ◽  
Health Coverage ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Universal Health

Objectives to identify nursing challenges for universal health coverage, based on the findings of a systematic review focused on the health workforce' understanding of the role of humanization practices in Primary Health Care. Method systematic review and meta-synthesis, from the following information sources: PubMed, CINAHL, Scielo, Web of Science, PsycInfo, SCOPUS, DEDALUS and Proquest, using the keyword Primary Health Care associated, separately, with the following keywords: humanization of assistance, holistic care/health, patient centred care, user embracement, personal autonomy, holism, attitude of health personnel. Results thirty studies between 1999-2011. Primary Health Care work processes are complex and present difficulties for conducting integrative care, especially for nursing, but humanizing practices have showed an important role towards the development of positive work environments, quality of care and people-centered care by promoting access and universal health coverage. Conclusions nursing challenges for universal health coverage are related to education and training, to better working conditions and clear definition of nursing role in primary health care. It is necessary to overcome difficulties such as fragmented concepts of health and care and invest in multidisciplinary teamwork, community empowerment, professional-patient bond, user embracement, soft technologies, to promote quality of life, holistic care and universal health coverage.

scholarly journals Health financing for universal health coverage in Sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan C. Ifeagwu ◽  
Justin C. Yang ◽  
Rosalind Parkes-Ratanshi ◽  
Carol Brayne
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Universal Health Coverage ◽  
Health Financing ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
World Health ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Health Coverage ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Universal Health

Abstract Background Universal health coverage (UHC) embedded within the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals, is defined by the World Health Organization as all individuals having access to required health services, of sufficient quality, without suffering financial hardship. Effective strategies for financing healthcare are critical in achieving this goal yet remain a challenge in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). This systematic review aims to determine reported health financing mechanisms in SSA within the published literature and summarize potential learnings. Methods A systematic review was conducted aligned with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) reporting guidelines. On 19 to 30 July 2019, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, Global Health Database, the Cochrane Library, Scopus and JSTOR were searched for literature published from 2005. Studies describing health financing approaches for UHC in SSA were included. Evidence was synthesised in form of a table and thematic analysis. Results Of all records, 39 papers were selected for inclusion. Among the included studies, most studies were conducted in Kenya (n = 7), followed by SSA as a whole (n = 6) and Nigeria (n = 5). More than two thirds of the selected studies reported the importance of equitable national health insurance schemes for UHC. The results indicate that a majority of health care revenue in SSA is from direct out-of-pocket payments. Another common financing mechanism was donor funding, which was reported by most of the studies. The average quality score of all studies was 81.6%, indicating a high appraisal score. The interrater reliability Cohen’s kappa score, κ=0.43 (p = 0.002), which showed a moderate level of agreement. Conclusions Appropriate health financing strategies that safeguard financial risk protection underpin sustainable health services and the attainment of UHC. It is evident from the review that innovative health financing strategies in SSA are needed. Some limitations of this review include potentially skewed interpretations due to publication bias and a higher frequency of publications included from two countries in SSA. Establishing evidence-based and multi-sectoral strategies tailored to country contexts remains imperative.

scholarly journals Universal Health Coverage: A burning need for developing countries

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sojib Bin Zaman ◽  
Naznin Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Universal Health Coverage ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
Poor People ◽  
Health Coverage ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Financing System ◽  
Universal Health

The term of universal health coverage (UHC) are getting popularity among the countries who have not yet attained it. Majority of the developing countries are planning to implement the UHC to protect the vulnerable citizen who cannot afford to buy the health services. Poor people living in developing countries, where there is no UHC, are bereft of getting equal health care. They have to bear a significant amount of health cost in buying different services which often causes catastrophic expenditures for an individual and a family. If a country can provide UHC, it will be possible to bring all the citizens under provision of equal and quality care. However, implementation of a UHC is not an easy phenomenon, rather it needs proper design of a good health insurance system by integrating both the public and private health care providers. The influence of good governance and a sustainable health financing system is fundamental to establish UHC in the developing countries.

scholarly journals Universal Health Coverage Development in Thailand: How Global Ideas and a National Medical Professional Movement Made a Difference

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rangsan Sukhampha
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Global Health ◽  
Health System ◽  
National Health ◽  
Universal Health Coverage ◽  
Medical Professional ◽  
System Reform ◽  
Health Coverage ◽  
Health System Reform ◽  
Universal Health

Abstract Background: Universal health coverage is endorsed as the global development agenda in the 2015 SDGs for global achievement by 2030 and is expected to build national policymaking agendas. Common research often focuses on national processes in the first place. For example, accounts of Thailand's health system development mostly emphasise domestic factors and influences rather than the linkage of external/global health ideas. The paper questions how external/global health ideas influence national health policymaking and the linkage between them in achieving Thailand's universal health coverage policy.Methods: A qualitative method was employed to capture complex and historical narratives of the national medical professional movement for Thailand's health system reform through the lens of a global social policy approach for exploring external and global health ideas transfer. Moreover, the actor- and policy entrepreneur approaches would be employed to investigate national health policymaking and examine how ideas from the external and global levels have improved national equity in health. Results: The research locates the narratives on global ideas and practices that influence a national health system reform. This highlights the impact/role of global ideas on national professional movements, i.e. the rural doctor movement in Thailand mobilising the health system reform for all. The study found that national equity in health could not be achieved without external/global health ideas transfer. Such a case of national universal health coverage achievement in Thailand happened with the effort of the rural doctor movement and individual agency as policy entrepreneurs in translating external/global ideas and practices for their movement and mobilisation. The case contributed to a better understanding of the global process regarding ideas and practices that can be transferred directly and indirectly to the national level. Conclusions: Global ideas transfer can also happen in different aspects such as it can be seen the ideas transfer from developed to developed countries; from developed to developing countries. Besides, the author witnessed that the IOs ideas can also be transferred to developing countries or reverse, and again, between developing countries themselves.

scholarly journals The Ethical Framework for Policy-making of Universal Health Coverage: A Systematic Review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Farzaneh ◽  
Hamid Ravaghi ◽  
Abolghasem Fanaei
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Universal Health Coverage ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Financial Risk ◽  
Universal Coverage ◽  
Ethical Framework ◽  
Health Coverage ◽  
Ethical Frameworks ◽  
Universal Health

Introduction: Countries have set a central policy to achieve universal health coverage by 2030. Resource constraint and the variety of ways to fulfill the purposes of the universal health coverage, however, have led policymakers to face ethical challenges. An elaboration of ethical frameworks can facilitate the right move in this direction. Aim: This study examines the ethical frameworks used by countries and postulated by studies for policy-making on universal health coverage. Materials and Methods: This systematic review built on the PRISMA guidelines to search the Scopus and PubMed databases for papers published from January 2010 to March 2018. Studies will be considered for inclusion that have focused on the dimensions of policy-making ethics on universal health coverage and referring to the role of ethics in policy-making on health universal coverage. State and organisational reports, book’s chapters, proceedings and editorials were not included.The data were analysed using the thematic analysis method and categorised into two groups according to the data extraction forms. The first was related to articles that were the result of a research study and recommendations from international organisations; the second concerned with articles that reflected the experiences of different countries. The extracted data of both groups were classified into three themes, including the role of ethics in universal health, ethical principles, and ethical criteria. Results: Out of the 685 articles found in the initial search, 24 met the inclusion criteria. Findings indicate that ethics acts as the driving force, guidance for decision-making, provider of public acceptance, and a guarantee for justice administration. The ethical framework contains principles of fairness, justice, equality, maximisation of benefits, solidarity, sustainability, good governance, human rights, financial risk protection measures, efficiency, and cost-effectiveness. Most studies have emphasised the principles of human rights, solidarity, justice and fairness, cost-effectiveness, and financial risk conservation in the policy-making of health universal coverage. Varying cultural and social conditions, the political orientation of countries, and local values underlie the difference in the contents of the moral framework. Conclusion: In their attempts to realise universal health coverage, countries must undertake a selection of principles and criteria for their ethical framework through a research process. Given the emergence of the scientific field of ethics for health policy-making, researchers can review the ethical principles and criteria identified in this study in other areas of health policy-making and determine the generalisability of these principles.

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