The Functional Organization of Mental Problem Solving

2006 ◽  
Vol 44 (6) ◽  
pp. 69-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. F. Spiridonov
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Functional Organization ◽  
Mental Problem

Outcomes, Implications, and Concluding Thoughts

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard E. Ocejo
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Interpersonal Communication ◽  
Culturally Relevant ◽  
New Economy ◽  
Manual Labor ◽  
Cultural Understanding ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Mental Problem ◽  
Cultural Repertoires ◽  
Career Options

This concluding chapter reviews the alternative paths for how workers are dealing with conditions of the precarious new economy. They are entering common occupations in everyday workplaces that people do not normally think of as knowledge-based or culturally relevant, and transforming them into high-end, quality jobs that fuse mental and manual labor and that people with other work opportunities see as viable career options. These workers experience manual labor as meaningful and even fun through the enactment of a set of cultural repertoires that allow for physical, bodily labor, challenging mental problem-solving, cultural understanding, and interpersonal communication. The jobs also require the confident performance of each of these work practices in concert, not independently of the others.

scholarly journals Maternal Emotion Dysregulation and the Functional Organization of Preschoolers’ Emotional Expressions and Regulatory Behaviors

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grace Elizabeth Binion ◽  
Maureen Zalewski
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Parenting Practices ◽  
Emotion Dysregulation ◽  
Emotion Socialization ◽  
Functional Organization ◽  
Child Outcomes ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Significant Risk Factor ◽  
Functional Relations

While psychopathology in mothers is known to be a significant risk factor for child outcomes, less is known about how emotion dysregulation, a transdiagnostic feature that cuts across many diagnoses, shapes emotion-related parenting practices and the development of emotion regulation in offspring. Building upon previous research that examined the functional relations between emotions and regulatory actions in children, we sought to examine the association of maternal emotion dysregulation and emotion socialization with these functional links in an at risk community sample of mother-preschooler (children ages 36-60 months) dyads which over-sampled for mothers with elevated symptoms of Borderline Personality Disorder (n = 68). We found that maternal emotion dysregulation was associated with children displaying more sadness and engaging in less problem solving during the Locked Box Task, which is designed to elicit anger. Maternal emotion dysregulation was also associated with children being more distracted and talking less in the context of sadness. Maternal non-supportive emotion socialization responses were associated with children engaging in more defiant behaviors throughout the task and using less problem solving in the context of happiness, while maternal supportive emotion socialization responses were associated with more play throughout the task and less talking in the context of sadness, above and beyond the effect of maternal emotion dysregulation. These findings indicate that maternal emotion dysregulation and non-supportive emotion socialization practices are both meaningfully associated with the development of aberrant patterns of emotional and behavioral responding during the preschool years.

Explaining Imaginal Inference by Operations in a Propositional Format

Perception ◽  
1978 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 563-574 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard N Wilton
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Efficient Method ◽  
Internal Representation ◽  
Perceptual System ◽  
Mental Problem ◽  
Sensory Field ◽  
The World

Solving problems by imaginal inference often seems inefficient for an organism that is manipulating propositions. One explanation for the apparent inefficiency is that the problems are being solved not in propositional format but by operations in an analogue format. Imaginal inference might then be the most efficient method compatible with the limitations inherent in the analogue format. In the present paper an alternative rationale is given for the use of imaginal inference by explaining how the processes involved in mental problem solving are related to those in perception: it is suggested that the mechanisms used in problem solving have evolved from a perceptual system in which hypotheses about events in the sensory field are generated from an internal representation of the world. This thesis denies that perception is passive and suggests that the capacity for thought is limited by its evolutionary dependence on mechanisms specialized originally for perception. Acceptance of the thesis implies that the capabilities of a propositional format in problem solving would be limited. This limitation could account for the apparently inefficient use of that format in imaginal inference.

Visual search light model for mental problem solving

2008 ◽  
Vol 71 (13-15) ◽  
pp. 2806-2822 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Wichert ◽  
João Dias Pereira ◽  
Paulo Carreira
Keyword(s):  
Visual Search ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Mental Problem

scholarly journals Co-thought gestures in children's mental problem solving: Prevalence and effects on subsequent performance

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wim Pouw ◽  
Tamara van Gog ◽  
Rolf A. Zwaan ◽  
Shirley Agostinho ◽  
Fred Paas
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Subsequent Performance ◽  
Mental Problem

Artists’ Brain Cortex Functional Organization at the Insight Stage of Creative Problem Solving

2016 ◽  
Vol 108 ◽  
pp. 132-133
Author(s):  
Liudmila A. Dikaya ◽  
Igor S. Dikiy ◽  
Viktorija V. Karpova ◽  
Anastasiya Y. Lavreshina
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Brain Cortex ◽  
Functional Organization ◽  
Creative Problem Solving ◽  
Creative Problem

Organization of transcription and pre-mRNA splicing within the mammalian cell nucleus

1995 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 768-769
Author(s):  
D.L. Spector ◽  
S. Huang ◽  
S. Kaurin
Keyword(s):  
Rna Polymerase Ii ◽  
Cell Nucleus ◽  
Functional Organization ◽  
Mrna Splicing ◽  
Splicing Factors ◽  
Interchromatin Granule Clusters ◽  
Interchromatin Granule ◽  
Nuclear Regions ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Perichromatin Fibrils

We have been interested in the organization of RNA polymerase II transcription and pre-mRNA splicing within the cell nucleus. Several models have been proposed for the functional organization of RNA within the eukaryotic nucleus and for the relationship of this organization to the distribution of pre-mRNA splicing factors. One model suggests that RNAs which must be spliced are capable of recruiting splicing factors to the sites of transcription from storage and/or reassembly sites. When one examines the organization of splicing factors in the nucleus in comparison to the sites of chromatin it is clear that splicing factors are not localized in coincidence with heterochromatin (Fig. 1). Instead, they are distributed in a speckled pattern which is composed of both perichromatin fibrils and interchromatin granule clusters. The perichromatin fibrils are distributed on the periphery of heterochromatin and on the periphery of interchromatin granule clusters as well as being diffusely distributed throughout the nucleoplasm. These nuclear regions have been previously shown to represent initial sites of incorporation of 3H-uridine.

Immunolocalization of nuclear antigens in cryofixed cells which have been prepared by molecular distillation drying or freeze-substitution

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 898-899
Author(s):  
David L. Spector ◽  
Robert J. Derby
Keyword(s):  
Cell Nucleus ◽  
Molecular Distillation ◽  
Functional Organization ◽  
Freeze Substitution ◽  
3 Dimensional ◽  
Small Nuclear Ribonucleoprotein ◽  
Nuclear Antigens ◽  
Dimensional Reconstruction ◽  
Nuclear Regions ◽  
Immunoperoxidase Labeling

Studies in our laboratory are involved in evaluating the structural and functional organization of the mammalian cell nucleus. Since several major classes (U1, U2, U4/U6, U5) of small nuclear ribonucleoprotein particles (snRNPs) play a crucial role in the processing of pre-mRNA molecules, we have been interested in the localization of these particles within the cell nucleus. Using pre-embedding immunoperoxidase labeling combined with 3-dimensional reconstruction, we have recently shown that nuclear regions enriched in snRNPs form a reticular network within the nucleoplasm which extends between the nucleolar surface and the nuclear envelope. In the present study we were inte rested in extending these nuclear localizations using cell preparation techniques which avoid slow penetration of fixatives, chemical crosslinking of potential antigens and solvent extraction. CHOC 400 cells were cryofixed using a CF 100 ultra rapid cooling device (LifeCell Corp.). After cryofixation cells were molecular distillation dried, vapor osmicated, in filtra ted in 100% Spurr resin in vacuo and polymerized in molds a t 60°C. Using this procedure we were able to evaluate the distribution of snRNPs in resin embedded cells which had not been chemically fixed, incubated in cryoprotectants or extracted with solvents.

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