scholarly journals Infectious disease screening in asylum seekers: range, coverage and economic evaluation in Germany, 2015

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (40) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kayvan Bozorgmehr ◽  
Katharina Wahedi ◽  
Stefan Noest ◽  
Joachim Szecsenyi ◽  
Oliver Razum
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Economic Evaluation ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Asylum Seekers ◽  
Disease Screening ◽  
Economic Evaluations ◽  
Federal States ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Cost Differences

Screening asylum seekers for infectious diseases is widely performed, but economic evaluations of such are scarce. We performed a policy analysis and economic evaluation of such screening in Germany, and analysed the effect of screening policies on cost differences between federal states. Of the 16 states, screening was compulsory for tuberculosis (TB) in asylum seekers ≥ 16 years of age in all states as well as in children < 16 years of age and pregnant women in six states, hepatitis B and enteropathogens in three, syphilis in two and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in one state. Of 441,899 asylum seekers, 88.0% were screened for TB, 22.9% for enteropathogens, 16.9% for hepatitis B, 13.1% for syphilis and 11.3% for HIV. The total costs for compulsory screening in 2015 were 10.3 million euros (EUR). Costs per case were highest for infections with Shigella spp. (80,200 EUR), Salmonella spp. (8,000 EUR), TB in those ≥ 16 years of age (5,300 EUR) and syphilis (1,150 EUR). States with extended screening had per capita costs 2.84 times those of states that exclusively screened for TB in asylum seekers ≥ 16 years of age (p < 0.0001, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.96–4.10). Screening practices in Germany entailed high costs; evidence-based approaches to infectious disease screening are needed.

scholarly journals Infectious disease screening in asylum-seekers: range, coverage and economic evaluation in Germany

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (suppl_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
KB Bozorgmehr ◽  
KW Wahedi ◽  
SN Noest ◽  
SZ Szecsenyi ◽  
OR Razum
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Economic Evaluation ◽  
Asylum Seekers ◽  
Disease Screening

scholarly journals The potential of economic evaluation studies to improve health screening and assessment policies for asylum seekers in Germany

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽  
Author(s):  
L Biddle ◽  
K Wahedi ◽  
K Bozorgmehr
Keyword(s):  
Economic Evaluation ◽  
Asylum Seekers ◽  
Evaluation Studies ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Research Process ◽  
Health Screening ◽  
Cost Utility ◽  
Economic Evaluations ◽  
Targeted Screening ◽  
Modelling Studies

Abstract This presentation will discuss the potential for conducting economic evaluation studies in the field of migration and health, by focusing on health screening and assessment for newly arriving asylum seekers. We use three economic case studies from Germany to illustrate this potential, reflecting on the benefits of an economic approach, the contribution of modelling studies, the quality and reliability of the underlying data sources and other lessons learnt in the research process. Screening for illness among newly arriving individuals has the potential to expand access to essential services and overcome access barriers, thus improving efficiency by preventing costs of late presentations. This is demonstrated by a recent modelling study on the cost-utility of screening for depression. However, an overview of different screening policies in Germany shows that unnecessary procedures which are not supported by sound scientific evidence may lead to inefficiencies in excess of €3.1 million, which could be more effectively invested in other parts of the health system. Finally, efficiency gains could be made by assessing who benefits most from screening, and designing targeted screening approaches for these groups, as in the case of targeted screening for active tuberculosis by country of origin. We will end the presentation by reflecting on the potential role for economic evaluations health policy-making, and the challenges of communicating and translating the nuances of economic evidence into practice.

scholarly journals Public health response to large influx of asylum seekers: implementation and timing of infectious disease screening

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula Tiittala ◽  
Karolina Tuomisto ◽  
Taneli Puumalainen ◽  
Outi Lyytikäinen ◽  
Jukka Ollgren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Asylum Seekers ◽  
Disease Screening ◽  
Public Health Response ◽  
Health Response

scholarly journals Economic evaluation, human immunodeficiency virus infection and screening: A review and critical appraisal of economic studies

2010 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 301-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Onome Dibosa-Osadolor ◽  
Tracy Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Economic Evaluation ◽  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Economic Evaluations ◽  
Hiv Screening ◽  
Cost Study ◽  
Life Years ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Static Models

Objectives: The aim of this study was to review, systematically and critically, evidence used to derive estimates of cost-effectiveness of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) screening.Methods: A systematic review was conducted. Searched were three main electronic bibliographic databases from 1993 to 2008 using key words including HIV, mass screening, HAART, economic evaluation, cost-effectiveness analysis, modeling. We included studies of sexually transmitted HIV infection in both sexes, including studies comparing diagnostic testing protocols and partner notification. Outcomes included were cases of HIV infection detected, deterioration to the AIDS state, secondary transmission of HIV, the quality-adjusted life-years/survival, costs, and cost-effectiveness of HIV screening.Results: Eighty-four papers were identified; ten of which were formal economic evaluations, one cost study, three effectiveness studies, and three systematic reviews of HIV prevention programs. The predominant assertion was that HIV screening is cost-effective; methodological problems, such as the preponderance of static models which are inappropriate for infectious diseases, varying perspectives from which the studies were analyzed, and arbitrary threshold incremental cost-effectiveness ratio levels, limited the validity of these findings, and their usefulness in informing health policy decisions.Conclusions: The majority of published economic evaluations are based on inappropriate static models. This flaw renders the results of these studies as inconclusive and the purported cost-effectiveness of HIV screening debatable. The results of this review could form a basis for consideration of further research and analysis by health economists into the cost-effectiveness of HIV screening.

Looking forward and looking backward: Economic evaluations and regime support in China

Politics ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 026339572198954
Author(s):  
Yida Zhai
Keyword(s):  
Economic Evaluation ◽  
National Economy ◽  
Authoritarian Regimes ◽  
Economic Situation ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
Economic Evaluations ◽  
Age Cohorts ◽  
Psychological Mechanism ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Regime Support

It is widely acknowledged that the economic situation is of vital importance for the stability of an authoritarian regime, but it is rarely known how the public’s economic evaluation contributes to such outcomes. This study examines the effects of citizens’ retrospective and prospective evaluations of their household economic situation and the national economy on the level of regime support in China. The findings show that the national economy outweighs household economic conditions in its effects on the public’s support of the regime. However, the gap between evaluations of the national economy and individual economic situations debilitates regime support. The population in different age cohorts has distinct patterns of relationships between retrospective and prospective economic evaluations and regime support. This study elucidates the political-psychological mechanism of the public’s economic evaluation affecting regime support, and the ruling strategy in authoritarian regimes of manipulating this evaluation.

scholarly journals Economic Evaluation of RFID Technology in the Production Environment

10.5772/56750 ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcello Fera ◽  
Raffaele Iannone ◽  
Vincenzo Mancini ◽  
Massimiliano M. Schiraldi ◽  
Paolo Scotti
Keyword(s):  
Economic Evaluation ◽  
Pilot Project ◽  
Evaluation Framework ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Economic Evaluations ◽  
Rfid Technology ◽  
Production Environment ◽  
Management Level ◽  
Traceability System ◽  
Huge Impact

The aim of this paper is to present an economic evaluation framework of an RFID system implementation through a pilot project with the aim of streamlining logistic processes and compliance with higher level requirements. The company involved in the project belongs to the CPG (Consumer Packaged Goods) food industry, and in particular to the alimentary industry, whose principal scope was to comply the new norms of the sector by implementation of a better traceability system. This system, besides being very effective for the scope of the project, also had a huge impact in economic terms on logistics resources and cost reduction. For this reason, the discover of the RFID technology for the company has been greatly appreciated at management level, and today other fields of application are under evaluation. The added value of this article is contained not only in the results obtained in the economic evaluations, but also in the applied methodology, evidencing the advantages obtainable in the processes by cutting no added value operations. The economic analysis has thus been conducted on the basis of this TO-BE process streamlining.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document